1. Struts2的结果处理方式
<struts>
<package name="result" namespace="/" extends="struts-default" >
<!-- 1. 转发 -->
<action name="Demo1Action" class="cn.itheima.a_result.Demo1Action" method="execute" >
<result name="success" type="dispatcher" >/hello.jsp</result>
</action>
<!-- 2. 重定向 -->
<action name="Demo2Action" class="cn.itheima.a_result.Demo2Action" method="execute" >
<result name="success" type="redirect" >/hello.jsp</result>
</action>
<!-- 3. 转发到Action -->
<action name="Demo3Action" class="cn.itheima.a_result.Demo3Action" method="execute" >
<result name="success" type="chain">
<!-- action的名字 -->
<param name="actionName">Demo1Action</param>
<!-- action所在的命名空间 -->
<param name="namespace">/</param>
</result>
</action>
<!-- 4. 重定向到Action -->
<action name="Demo4Action" class="cn.itheima.a_result.Demo4Action" method="execute" >
<result name="success" type="redirectAction">
<!-- action的名字 -->
<param name="actionName">Demo1Action</param>
<!-- action所在的命名空间 -->
<param name="namespace">/</param>
</result>
</action>
</package>
2. Struts2 获得 servletApi
方式一：
- 配置文件
<struts>
<package name="api" namespace="/" extends="struts-default" >
<action name="Demo5Action" class="cn.itheima.b_api.Demo5Action" method="execute" >
<result name="success" type="dispatcher" >/api.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
- Demo5Action
//如何在action中获得原生ServletAPI
public class Demo5Action extends ActionSupport {
public String execute() throws Exception {
//request域=> map (struts2并不推荐使用原生request域)
//不推荐
Map<String, Object> requestScope = (Map<String, Object>) ActionContext.getContext().get("request");
//推荐
ActionContext.getContext().put("name", "requestTom");
//session域 => map
Map<String, Object> sessionScope = ActionContext.getContext().getSession();
sessionScope.put("name", "sessionTom");
//application域=>map
Map<String, Object> applicationScope = ActionContext.getContext().getApplication();
applicationScope.put("name", "applicationTom");
return SUCCESS;
}
}
- api.jsp
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
request: ${requestScope.name}<br>
session:${sessionScope.name}<br>
application:${applicationScope.name}<br>
</body>
</html>
方式二：
//如何在action中获得原生ServletAPI
public class Demo6Action extends ActionSupport {
//并不推荐
public String execute() throws Exception {
//原生request
HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
//原生session
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
//原生response
HttpServletResponse response = ServletActionContext.getResponse();
//原生servletContext
ServletContext servletContext = ServletActionContext.getServletContext();
return SUCCESS;
}
}
3. 参数获取方式
3.1 action的生命周期
action的生命周期和request的生命周期是一样的
3.2 属性驱动获取参数
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/Demo8Action">
用户名:<input type="text" name="name" /><br>
年龄:<input type="text" name="age" /><br>
生日:<input type="text" name="birthday" /><br>
<input type="submit" value="提交" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
//struts2如何获得参数
//每次请求Action时都会创建新的Action实例对象
public class Demo8Action extends ActionSupport {
public Demo8Action() {
super();
System.out.println("demo8Action被创建了!");
}
//准备与参数键名称相同的属性
private String name;
//自动类型转换 只能转换8大基本数据类型以及对应包装类
private Integer age;
//支持特定类型字符串转换为Date ,例如 yyyy-MM-dd
private Date birthday;
public String execute() throws Exception {
System.out.println("name参数值:"+name+",age参数值:"+age+",生日:"+birthday);
return SUCCESS;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
}
3.3 对象驱动获取参数
//struts2如何获得参数-方式2
public class Demo9Action extends ActionSupport {
//准备user对象
private User user;
public String execute() throws Exception {
System.out.println(user);
return SUCCESS;
}
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
}
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/Demo9Action">
用户名:<input type="text" name="user.name" /><br>
年龄:<input type="text" name="user.age" /><br>
生日:<input type="text" name="user.birthday" /><br>
<input type="submit" value="提交" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
3.4 模型驱动获取参数
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/Demo10Action">
用户名:<input type="text" name="name" /><br>
年龄:<input type="text" name="age" /><br>
生日:<input type="text" name="birthday" /><br>
<input type="submit" value="提交" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
//struts2如何获得参数-方式2
public class Demo10Action extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<User> {
//准备user 成员变量
private User user =new User();
public String execute() throws Exception {
System.out.println(user);
return SUCCESS;
}
@Override
public User getModel() {
return user;
}
}
3.5 集合类型封装参数
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/Demo11Action" method="post" >
list:<input type="text" name="list" /><br>
list:<input type="text" name="list[3]" /><br>
map:<input type="text" name="map['haha']" /><br>
<input type="submit" value="提交" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
//struts2 封装集合类型参数
public class Demo11Action extends ActionSupport {
//list
private List<String> list;
//Map
private Map<String,String> map;
public String execute() throws Exception {
System.out.println("list:"+list);
System.out.println("map:"+map);
return SUCCESS;
}
public List<String> getList() {
return list;
}
public void setList(List<String> list) {
this.list = list;
}
public Map<String, String> getMap() {
return map;
}
public void setMap(Map<String, String> map) {
this.map = map;
}
}
4. 添加客户
public class CustomerAction extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<Customer> {
private CustomerService customerService = new CustomerServiceImpl();
private Customer customer = new Customer();
public String add() throws Exception {
customerService.save(customer);
return "toList";
}
public String list() throws Exception {
// 1. 接受参数
String cust_name = ServletActionContext.getRequest().getParameter("cust_name");
// 2. 创建离线查询对象
DetachedCriteria detachedCriteria = DetachedCriteria.forClass(Customer.class);
// 3. 根据参数封装查询条件
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(cust_name)) {
detachedCriteria.add(Restrictions.like("cust_name", "%" + cust_name + "%"));
}
List list = customerService.getAll(detachedCriteria);
ServletActionContext.getRequest().setAttribute("list", list);
return "list";
}
@Override
public Customer getModel() {
return customer;
}
}
<struts>
<!-- i18n:国际化. 解决post提交乱码 -->
<constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="UTF-8"></constant>
<!-- 指定反问action时的后缀名
http://localhost:8080/struts2_day01/hello/HelloAction.do
-->
<!--<constant name="struts.action.extension" value="action"></constant>-->
<!-- 指定struts2是否以开发模式运行
1.热加载主配置.(不需要重启即可生效)
2.提供更多错误信息输出,方便开发时的调试
-->
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true"></constant>
<!-- package:将Action配置封装.就是可以在Package中配置很多action.
name属性: 给包起个名字,起到标识作用.随便起.不能其他包名重复.
namespace属性:给action的访问路径中定义一个命名空间
extends属性: 继承一个 指定包
abstract属性:包是否为抽象的; 标识性属性.标识该包不能独立运行.专门被继承
-->
<package name="customer" namespace="/" extends="struts-default" >
<!-- action元素:配置action类
name属性: 决定了Action访问资源名.
class属性: action的完整类名
method属性: 指定调用Action中的哪个方法来处理请求
-->
<action name="CustomerAction_*" class="web.CustomerAction" method="{1}" >
<!-- result元素:结果配置
name属性: 标识结果处理的名称.与action方法的返回值对应.
type属性: 指定调用哪一个result类来处理结果,默认使用转发.
标签体:填写页面的相对路径
-->
<result name="list" type="dispatcher" >/jsp/customer/list.jsp</result>
<!--重定向到 CustomerAction_list-->
<result name="toList" type="redirectAction" >
<param name="actionName" >CustomerAction_list</param>
<param name="nameSpace">/</param>
</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
