练习材料：

Lesson88 Trapped in a mine

Six men have been trapped in a mine for seventeen hours. If they are not brought to the surface soon they may lose their lives.However, rescue operations are proving difficult. If explosives are used,vibrations will cause the roof of the mine to collapse. Rescue workers are therefore drilling a hole on the north side of the mine. They intend to bring the men up in a special capsule. If there had not been a hard layer of rock beneath the soil, they would have completed the job in a few hours. As it is,they have been drilling for sixteen hours and they still have a long way to go.Meanwhile, a microphone, which was lowered into the mine two hours ago, has enabled the men to keep in touch with the closest relatives. Though they are running out of food and drink, the men are cheerful and confident that they will soon get out. They have been told that rescue operations are progressing smoothly. If they knew how difficult it was to drill through the hard rock,they would lose heart.

[sɪks] [mɛn] [hæv] [biːn] [træpt] [ɪn] [ə] [maɪn] [fɔː] [ˈsɛvnˈtiːn] [ˈaʊəz]. [ɪf] [ðeɪ] [ɑː] [nɒt] [brɔːt] [tuː] [ðə] [ˈsɜːfɪs] [suːn] [ðeɪ] [meɪ] [luːz] [ðeə] [lɪvz]. [haʊˈɛvə], [ˈrɛskjuː] [ˌɒpəˈreɪʃənz] [ɑː] [ˈpruːvɪŋ] [ˈdɪfɪkəlt]. [ɪf] [ɪksˈpləʊsɪvz] [ɑː] [juːzd], [vaɪˈbreɪʃənz] [wɪl] [kɔːz] [ðə] [ruːf] [ɒv] [ðə] [maɪn] [tuː][kəˈlæps]. [ˈrɛskjuː] [ˈwɜːkəz] [ɑː] [ˈðeəfɔː] [ˈdrɪlɪŋ] [ə] [həʊl] [ɒn] [ðə][nɔːθ] [saɪd] [ɒv] [ðə] [maɪn]. [ðeɪ] [ɪnˈtɛnd] [tuː] [brɪŋ] [ðə] [mɛn] [ʌp][ɪn] [ə] [ˈspɛʃəl] [ˈkæpsjuːl]. [ɪf] [ðeə] [hæd] [nɒt] [biːn] [ə] [hɑːd][ˈleɪər] [ɒv] [rɒk] [bɪˈniːθ] [ðə] [sɔɪl], [ðeɪ] [wʊd] [hæv] [kəmˈpliːtɪd] [ðə][ʤɒb] [ɪn] [ə] [fjuː] [ˈaʊəz]. [æz] [ɪt] [ɪz], [ðeɪ] [hæv] [biːn] [ˈdrɪlɪŋ][fɔː] [ˈsɪksˈtiːn] [ˈaʊəz] [ænd] [ðeɪ] [stɪl] [hæv] [ə] [lɒŋ] [weɪ] [tuː] [gəʊ].[ˈmiːnˈwaɪl], [ə] [ˈmaɪkrəfəʊn], [wɪʧ] [wɒz] [ˈləʊəd] [ˈɪntuː] [ðə] [maɪn][tuː] [ˈaʊəz] [əˈgəʊ], [hæz] [ɪˈneɪbld] [ðə] [mɛn] [tuː] [kiːp] [ɪn] [tʌʧ] [wɪð][ðə] [ˈkləʊsɪst] [ˈrɛlətɪvz]. [ðəʊ] [ðeɪ] [ɑː] [ˈrʌnɪŋ] [aʊt] [ɒv] [fuːd] [ænd][drɪŋk], [ðə] [mɛn] [ɑː] [ˈʧɪəfʊl] [ænd] [ˈkɒnfɪdənt] [ðæt] [ðeɪ] [wɪl] [suːn][gɛt] [aʊt]. [ðeɪ] [hæv] [biːn] [təʊld] [ðæt] [ˈrɛskjuː] [ˌɒpəˈreɪʃənz] [ɑː][prəʊˈgrɛsɪŋ] [ˈsmuːðli]. [ɪf] [ðeɪ] [njuː] [haʊ] [ˈdɪfɪkəlt] [ɪt] [wɒz] [tuː][drɪl] [θruː] [ðə] [hɑːd] [rɒk], [ðeɪ] [wʊd] [luːz] [hɑːt].

任务配置：L0 +L4

笔记：

1.听写错的单词

explosive: adj. 易爆炸的; 可能引起爆炸的; 易爆发的;  n.炸药; 爆炸物

vibration: n. 震动; 颤动; 抖动;

collapse: v. (突然) 倒塌，坍塌; n. 突然失败，倒闭，崩溃; (突然的) 倒塌，塌陷，垮掉;"

capsule:n. (装药物的) 胶囊; (装物或装液体的) 小塑料容器; 太空舱; 航天舱

beneath:在……之下

enable：没有听出来

relatives

get out：out没有听出来

2.知识点

（1）…rescue operations are proving difficult.……事实证明营救工作非常困难。

　　prove之后带形容词(有时也可以是名词)时表示“证明是”、“结果是”

（2）Rescue workers are therefore drilling a hole on the north side of the mine.因此，营救人员正在矿井的北侧钻一个洞。

　　therefore表示“因此”、“所以”等。它是副词，所以它既可以独立使用，也可以位于动词前。so表示“因此”、“所以”时通常是连词

（3）If there had not been a hard layer of rock beneath the soil, they would

have completed the job in a few hours. 如果不是因为土壤下面有一层坚硬的岩石，他们的营救工作仅用几小时就可以完成了。

这是第3类条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设。

搜了一下条件句的几种类型：

1、第零类条件句：描述绝对会发生的真理。

如：If you keep heating the water, it will boil. 如果你持续加热水，水会沸腾。

2、第一类条件句：谈论可能发生的事情，并考虑这件事情的结果。

从句（if）用一般现在时或其他现在时，表示可能发生的事情（条件）。主句用一般将来时，表示这件事情的结果。

如：You will get the full mark if you study hard.(如果你努力学习，你就会得满分。）

3、第二类条件句：与第一类不同，谈论想象的事情，并推测想象的结果。

从句（if）用过去式，表示想象的事情（条件）。主句用would+动词原形，表示推测的想象结果。

本句用过去式并不代表事情已经发生，而是指想象，所以被称为“非真实的过去”。

第二类英语条件句有时可以和第一类用法相同，但第二类更加的不确定。

如：You would get the full mark if you studied hard.(如果你努力学习，你可能得满分。）

第二类英语条件句也可能用于描写不可能的事。

If I were mad, I would throw this valuable jade away.(只有我疯了，我才会把这块珍贵的玉扔掉。）

在第二类英语条件句中，一般通常按语法把was换为were，用were在从句中，通常更为正式，与现实的差距就更大，用was更为贴近现实（一般不会这样说在书面语中）。

我们常用if I were you来提出建议，如：If I were you, I would not do that.(如果我是你的话，我不会那样做。）

4、第三类条件句：第3类条件句的基本结构与前两类都不一样，if从句需用过去完成时，主句用 would have/should have+过去分词形式：

If it had rained, we would have stayed at home.要是下雨，我们就会呆在家里了。

第3类条件句在if从句里设想纯粹想像的事情，在主句里讲述想像的结果。它与第2类条件句有一定的相似之处。但是，第3类条件句所谈的是没有或永远不可能有的结果，因为它们指的是过去没有过的事情。它们是所谓的“假设条件句”：

If I had worked harder at school, I'd have go a better job.要是我上学时勤奋一些，我就会有较好的工作了。（事实是现在的工作不太好）

（4）as it is，实际上，事实上(也可以用as it was)。

　　I thought they would help us. As it was, they just sat there and looked on.我以为他们会帮助我们。实际上他们却只是坐着旁观

（5）…a microphone…has enabled the men to keep in touch with their closest

relatives.……一只麦克风使井下的人可以与其亲属保持联系。

①enable为及物动词，表示“使……能够”：

②keep in touch with表示“与……保持联系”，也可以用stay，get 等其他动词

（6）lose heart为固定搭配，表示“丧失信心/勇气”、“泄气”、“灰心”

练习感悟：

因为实在没有时间同时进听写群了，所以就自己在新概念朗读的基础上加上听写吧。听写的确是比干听然后跟读要来得仔细很多，有些单词你觉得自己会写，打出来就会发现根本不对，时态也是乱得一塌糊涂，更不要说那些连读以至于听不出来的词组了。

虽然花的时间是之前的2倍以上，但是慢慢给自己加码才是对的方向。

今天还学了条件句，这个以前一直混乱，只知道有个“虚拟语气”指跟现实不同的情况，并不知道连if引导的句子都有这么多差别。