题目
Given preorder and inorder traversal of a tree, construct the binary tree.
Note:
You may assume that duplicates do not exist in the tree.
解题之法
/**
* Definition for binary tree
* struct TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode *left;
* TreeNode *right;
* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
* };
*/
class Solution {
public:
TreeNode *buildTree(vector<int> &preorder, vector<int> &inorder) {
return buildTree(preorder, 0, preorder.size() - 1, inorder, 0, inorder.size() - 1);
}
TreeNode *buildTree(vector<int> &preorder, int pLeft, int pRight, vector<int> &inorder, int iLeft, int iRight) {
if (pLeft > pRight || iLeft > iRight) return NULL;
int i = 0;
for (i = iLeft; i <= iRight; ++i) {
if (preorder[pLeft] == inorder[i]) break;
}
TreeNode *cur = new TreeNode(preorder[pLeft]);
cur->left = buildTree(preorder, pLeft + 1, pLeft + i - iLeft, inorder, iLeft, i - 1);
cur->right = buildTree(preorder, pLeft + i - iLeft + 1, pRight, inorder, i + 1, iRight);
return cur;
}
};
分析
这道题要求用先序和中序遍历来建立二叉树，跟之前那道Construct Binary Tree from Inorder and Postorder Traversal 由中序和后序遍历建立二叉树原理基本相同。
针对这道题，由于先序的顺序的第一个肯定是根，所以原二叉树的根节点可以知道，题目中给了一个很关键的条件就是树中没有相同元素，有了这个条件我们就可以在中序遍历中也定位出根节点的位置，并以根节点的位置将中序遍历拆分为左右两个部分，分别对其递归调用原函数。
