所用R 包 ggplot2
数据：
image.png
最终效果：
image.png
代码
RSRDS<-ggplot(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS))+
geom_histogram(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS,..density..),fill="springgreen4", color="white",size=0.2, alpha=0.7)+
geom_density(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS,..density..),size=0.4)+
theme_classic()+
theme(axis.text = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 12,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman"),
axis.title = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 13,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman"),legend.position = 'right',legend.text = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 10,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman"),
legend.title = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 12,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman"))+
scale_x_continuous(expand = c(0, 0),limits = c(0,1), breaks = seq(0,1,0.1)) +scale_y_continuous(expand = c(0, 0))
分步说明：
一、指定数据集
RSRDS<-ggplot(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS))
告诉ggplot要以phynotype这个表格画图，把RSRDS列作为x轴；
二、画图类型为直方图
RSRDS<-ggplot(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS))+
geom_histogram(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS))
图形类别为直方图
image.png
三、添加直方图边框，让条之间分开
RSRDS<-ggplot(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS))+
geom_histogram(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS,..density..),
fill="springgreen4", color="white",size=0.2, alpha=0.7)
...density...:以密度为y轴，如果以数量，就改为 ...count...;
fill="springgreen4"填充颜色为springgreen4;
color="white"边框颜色为白色;
size=0.2：边框粗0.2；
alpha=0.7：透明度为0.7
image.png
四、添加密度曲线
RSRDS<-ggplot(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS))+
geom_histogram(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS,..density..),fill="springgreen4", color="white",size=0.2, alpha=0.7)+
geom_density(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS,..density..),size=0.4)
如果计数，就用...count...代替 ...density...
image.png
五：去除背景
RSRDS<-ggplot(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS))+
geom_histogram(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS,..density..),fill="springgreen4", color="white",size=0.2, alpha=0.7)+
geom_density(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS,..density..),size=0.4)+
theme_classic()
image.png
六：调整刻度标签：
RSRDS<-ggplot(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS))+
geom_histogram(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS,..density..),fill="springgreen4", color="white",size=0.2, alpha=0.7)+
geom_density(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS,..density..),size=0.4)+
theme_classic()+
theme(axis.text= element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'red',size = 12,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman"))
image.png
同时调整xy轴，如果单独调整一个，则用
theme(axis.text.x/y）
加粗，红色，字号12，水平调整0.5，字体time new roman.
七、调整轴标签
RSRDS<-ggplot(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS))+
geom_histogram(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS,..density..),fill="springgreen4", color="white",size=0.2, alpha=0.7)+
geom_density(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS,..density..),size=0.4)+
theme_classic()+
theme(axis.text= element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'red',size = 12,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman")
，axis.title = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'blue',size = 13,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman")))
image.png
八、调整图例 (本图无图例)
RSRDS<-ggplot(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS))+
geom_histogram(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS,..density..),fill="springgreen4", color="white",size=0.2, alpha=0.7)+
geom_density(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS,..density..),size=0.4)+
theme_classic()+
theme(axis.text = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 12,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman"),
axis.title = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 13,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman"),
legend.position = 'right',legend.text = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 10,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman"),
legend.title = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 12,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman"))
image.png
九、将图画在原点上
RSRDS<-ggplot(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS))+
geom_histogram(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS,..density..),fill="springgreen4", color="white",size=0.2, alpha=0.7)+
geom_density(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS,..density..),size=0.4)+
theme_classic()+
theme(axis.text = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 12,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman"),
axis.title = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 13,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman"),legend.position = 'right',legend.text = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 10,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman"),legend.title = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 12,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman"))+
scale_x_continuous(expand = c(0, 0))+scale_y_continuous(expand = c(0, 0))
image.png
scale_x_continuous(expand = c(0, 0))+scale_y_continuous(expand = c(0, 0))
十、更改坐标轴显示范围及间隔
RSRDS<-ggplot(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS))+
geom_histogram(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS,..density..),fill="springgreen4", color="white",size=0.2, alpha=0.7)+
geom_density(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS,..density..),size=0.4)+
theme_classic()+
theme(axis.text = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 12,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman"),
axis.title = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 13,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman"),legend.position = 'right',legend.text = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 10,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman"),legend.title = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 12,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman"))+
scale_x_continuous(expand = c(0, 0),limits = c(0,1), breaks = seq(0,1,0.1))+scale_y_continuous(expand = c(0, 0),limits = c(0,10), breaks = seq(0,10,1))
image.png
scale_x_continuous(expand = c(0, 0),limits = c(0,1), breaks = seq(0,1,0.1))
expand扩大显示范围，limits坐标轴范围，breaks最小，最大，间隔
十一、坐标轴标题
RSRDS<-ggplot(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS))+
geom_histogram(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS,..density..),fill="springgreen4", color="white",size=0.2, alpha=0.7)+
geom_density(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS,..density..),size=0.4)+
theme_classic()+
theme(axis.text = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 12,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman"),
axis.title = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 13,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman"),legend.position = 'right',legend.text = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 10,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman"),legend.title = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 12,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman"))+
scale_x_continuous(expand = c(0, 0),limits = c(0,1), breaks = seq(0,1,0.1))+scale_y_continuous(expand = c(0, 0),limits = c(0,10), breaks = seq(0,10,1))+xlab(NULL)+ylab("Freqency")
image.png
xlab(NULL)+ylab("Freqency")
x轴标题没有，y轴标题为Freqency
十二、另一种改变坐标轴范围的方式
RSRDS<-ggplot(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS))+
geom_histogram(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS,..density..),fill="springgreen4", color="white",size=0.2, alpha=0.7)+
geom_density(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS,..density..),size=0.4)+
theme_classic()+
theme(axis.text = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 12,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman"),
axis.title = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 13,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman"),legend.position = 'right',legend.text = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 10,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman"),legend.title = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 12,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman"))+
scale_x_continuous(expand = c(0, 0),limits = c(0,1), breaks = seq(0,1,0.1))+scale_y_continuous(expand = c(0, 0),limits = c(0,10), breaks = seq(0,10,1))+xlab(NULL)+ylab("Freqency")+coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0,15))
image.png
coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0,15)) y轴范围0至15
十三、调整坐标轴线
RSRDS<-ggplot(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS))+
geom_histogram(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS,..density..),fill="springgreen4", color="white",size=0.2, alpha=0.7)+
geom_density(data=phynotype,aes(x=RSRDS,..density..),size=0.4)+
theme_classic()+
theme(axis.text = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 12,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman"),
axis.title = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 13,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman"),legend.position = 'right',legend.text = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 10,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman"),legend.title = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 12,hjust = 0.5,family = "Times New Roman"))+
scale_x_continuous(expand = c(0, 0),limits = c(0,1), breaks = seq(0,1,0.1))+
scale_y_continuous(expand = c(0, 0),limits = c(0,10), breaks = seq(0,10,1))+
xlab(NULL)+ylab("Freqency")+
coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0,15))+
theme(axis.line=element_line(linetype=1,color="green",size=0.5))
image.png
theme(axis.line=element_line(linetype=1,color="green",size=0.5))
