仔细阅读

把握节奏

我是着重看题还是着重看文?

每道题目只有两分钟,所以  重题干50s,轻文本30s,重选项40s

看题技巧?

我是一次性看完和选项?怎么划题干关键词?

拒绝,拒绝

看两题干,不看选项

第一遍,扫完5个题干,文章大意,第二遍,看一个题干,划关键词,回到文章定位;再看另一个题干,划关键词,回到文章定位......

怎么找题干关键词?

找三种词

一级关键词, 数字年代,国家组织,地点人名

二级关键词,动词,名词

限定词,形容词,副词

46.what happens when a new technology emerges?

48.Why does the driverless car appeal to some old people?  吸引

49.What is likely to affect one's attitude toward the driverless car?

命题规律

会在文章中出现关键词或者其同义词(考察细节及单词转述能力)

题文同序(每段出题不超过2个)

不会在文章中出现关键词或者其同义词(考察推理及概括能力)

 特殊词汇:

因果转折类:but/however/unfortunately/since/because/the reason

让步关系: although/though

2014.12四级(第一套)    Passage one page6

Pre-reading 

Pedalling 骑车的

Blazing 发光的

At one's expense 由某人买单

Due to 由于

Option 选择

Ease into 轻松加入

Vehicular congestion  车辆拥堵

Echo 重复

Implement 实施

Backlash 反击

Execute 执行

as a result of   由于

56. What is the author's chief concern about the increasing use Bike in New York?

在纽约，作者对越来越多的使用自行车的主要担忧是什么？

concern 担忧

57.What happened to Gotham Bikes as a result of the bike-share program?

58.Why is the bike-share program bad news for Frank's Bike Shop?

draw away 引开

59.Why did Andrew Crooks think that bike-share program would be difficult to execute?

Farrell's early concerns were echoed by Andrew Crooks, owner of NYC Velo, at 64 Second Ave. "It seemed like a great idea, but one that would be difficult to implement," Crooks said of Citi Bike. He said he worried about inexperienced riders' lack of awareness of biking rules and backlash from non-cyclists. However, he said, it's still too early to tell if his business has been impacted.

Andrew Crooks的早期担忧得到了Farrell的回应，他是纽约维罗的老板，在64秒的时候。“这似乎是个好主意，但很难实施，”克鲁克斯在谈到花旗自行车时表示。他说，他担心缺乏经验的车手缺乏对自行车规则的意识，以及对非自行车选手的强烈反对。不过，他表示，现在判断他的业务是否受到了影响还为时过早。

A) There are not enough lanes to accommodate the bikes.

B) Inexperienced riders might break biking rules.

C) Conflicts might arise among bike rental shops.

D) Traffic conditions might worsen in the downtown area.

A)没有足够的车道来容纳这些自行车。

B)缺乏经验的车手可能会违反自行车规则。

C)自行车租赁店可能会发生冲突。

D)市区的交通状况可能会恶化。

60. What is the general attitude of the local bike shops towards Citi Bike?

当地的自行车商店的一般态度是什么？

While it's possible bike-share will cause a drop in business in the long run, Crooks allowed that the idea, as a whole, is good for the city.

尽管从长远来看，自行车共享可能会导致业务下滑，但克鲁克斯认为，总体而言，这一想法对整个城市都是有利的。

A) Approving.       承认的,肯定的

B) Wait and see.   走着瞧

C) Negative.          否定的

D) Indifferent.         冷漠的，毫不在意

2014.12 四级（第一套）  Passage Two Page 8

Roughly 大致

Personnel 人员

Adrift 漫无目的

Simplistically 过分单纯地

attribute 把...归于

Drain 流失

Be at work 起作用

Prominent 突出的

Liberation 解放

Dictate 命令

Bureaucratic 官僚的

Dominate 主导大局

61.What do we learn various studies on America's public education?

我们从美国公立学校各种各样的研究能学到什么？

Various studies have shown that increased spending on education has not led to measurable improvements in learning. Between 1980 and 2008, staff and teachers at US public schools grew roughly twice as fast as students. Yet students showed no additional learning in achievement tests.

各种研究表明，教育支出的增加并没有带来可衡量的学习进步。1980年至2008年间，美国公立学校的教职员工和教师的增长速度大约是学生的两倍。然而，在成绩测试中，学生们没有表现出任何额外的学习。

A) The number of students has increased much faster than that of teachers.

B)Achievement tests have failed to truly reflect the quality of teaching.

C)Public schools lack the resources to compete with private schools.

D)Little improvement in education has resulted from increased spending.

A)学生人数增加的速度比教师快得多。

B)成绩测试未能真正反映教学质量。

C)公立学校缺乏与私立学校竞争的资源。

D)由于增加开支，教育方面几乎没有改善。

62.How do some people explain the decline in public education?

一些人如何解释公共教育的衰落呢?

Universities show similar trends of increased administration personnel and costs without greater learning, as documented in Richard Arum and Josipa Roksa's recent book academically Adrift: Limited Learning on College Campuses.

A survey shows that 63% of employers say that recent college graduates don't have the skills they need to succeed and 25% of employers say that entry-level writing skills are lacking.

• Some simplistically attribute the decline in our public education system to the drain of skilled students by private schools, but far more significant events were at work.

正如Richard Arum和Josipa Roksa最近在学术上的漂流:在大学校园中有限的学习一样，阅读大学的大学也显示了类似的管理人员和成本增加的趋势。

一项调查显示，63%的雇主表示，最近的大学毕业生没有获得成功所需的技能，25%的雇主表示缺乏入门级的写作技能。

一些人简单地将公共教育系统的衰落归因于高技能学生流失被私立学校，但更重要的事件在起作用。

A) Training of students' basic skills is neglected.

B)Government investment does not meet school's needs.

C)Skilled students are moving to private schools.

D)Qualified teachers are far from adequately paid.

A)对学生基本技能的培训被忽视了。

B)政府投资不符合学校的需要。

C)有技术的学生正在搬到私立学校。

D)合格的教师远没有得到足够的报酬。

63.What was significant contributor to the past glory of public schools?

公立学校过去的荣光谁是重要的缔造者？

Public schools worked well until about the 1970s. In fact, until that time, public schools provided far better education than private ones. It was the underperforming(表现不佳) students who were thrown out of public schools and went to private ones.

直到上世纪70年代，公立学校一直运转良好。事实上，在那之前，公立学校提供的教育要比私立学校好得多。那些表现不合格的学生被赶出了公立学校，去了私立学校。

A prominent reason public schools did well was that many highly qualified women had few options for working outside the house other than being teachers or nurses. They accepted relatively low pay, difficult working conditions, and gave their very best.

公立学校表现良好的一个显著原因是，许多高素质的女性除了成为教师或护士外，几乎没有其他选择。他们接受了相对较低的工资，困难的工作条件，并给予了他们最好的待遇。

A) Generous pay for teachers.

B)Well-behaved students.

C)Efficient administration.

D)Talented women teachers.

A)慷慨的教师工资。

B)很乖的学生。

C)有效管理。

D)有才华的女教师。

64.Why did some of the best women teachers leave teaching?

为什么那些优秀的女老师离开教学？

Having such a large supply of talented women teachers meant that society could pay less for their services. Women's liberation opened up new professional opportunities for women, and, over time, some of the best left teaching as a career option, bringing about a gradual decline in the quality of schooling.

拥有如此大量的优秀女教师意味着社会可以为他们的服务支付更少的费用。妇女解放为妇女提供了新的职业机会，随着时间的推移，一些最好的离开教育作为一种职业选择，使教育质量逐渐下降。

A) The heavy teaching loads left them little time and energy for family life.

B)New career opportunities were made available to them by women's liberation.

C)Higher academic requirements made it difficult for them to stay in their jobs.

D)They were unhappy with the bureaucratic administration in their schools.

A)沉重的教学负担使他们的家庭生活少了一点时间和精力。

B)妇女解放给她们提供了新的就业机会。

C)更高的学术要求使他们很难保住工作。

D)他们对学校的官僚管理感到不满。

65.What does the author think is one of the results of government involvement in education?

政府介入教育的一个结果是什么？

involvement 参与，介入

Also around that time, regulations, government, and unions came to dictate pay, prevent adjustments, and introduce bureaucratic ( EE ) standard for advancement. Large education bureaucracies and unions came to dominate the landscape, confusing activity with achievement. Bureaucrats regularly rewrite curriculums, talk nonsense about theories of education, and require ever more administrators. The end result has been that, after all the spending, students have worse math and reading skills than both their foreign peers and earlier generations spending far less on education-as all the accumulating evidence now documents.

在此期间，法规、政府和工会都要求支付工资、防止调整，并引入官僚(EE)标准。大型教育机构和工会在这一领域占据主导地位，把活动与成就混淆了。官僚们经常重写课程，谈论有关教育理论的无稽之谈，并要求更多的管理者。最终的结果是，在所有的支出之后，学生的数学和阅读能力比他们的外国同行和早期的学生都要差，而他们在教育方面的花费则要少得多。

A) An ever-growing number of administrators.

B)lncreasing emphasis on theories of education

C)Highly standardized•teaching methods.

D)Students' improved academic performance.

A)行政人员不断增加。

B)强调教育的理论。

C)高标准的教育方法。

D)学生学业成绩的提高。