Part one: the 7 habits - An Overview page54-70

Words

1. break out of, break through, break with,

这一章有好几个break的词组

But to get there, those astronauts literally had to break out of the tremendous gravity pull of the earth.”

break out of:  摆脱单调刻板的状况；If you break out ofa dull situation or routine, you manage to change it or escape from it.

By working on knowledge, skill, and desire, we can break through to new levels of personal and interpersonal effectiveness as we break with old paradigms that may have been a source of pseudo-security for years.”

break through: 克服困难或障碍取得突破；If you break through, you achieve success even though there are difficulties and obstacles.

break with (someone/something)

to end a friendly relationship with a person or organization.

to crash against something.The waves broke against the barrier.The glass broke against the side of the sink.

2. The little understood concept of interdependence appears to many to smack of dependence, and therefore,

smack of 令人想起;类似于;含有…的意味；If one thing smacks of another thing that you consider bad, it reminds you of it or is like it.

3. he decided to water down the chowder.

water down (something) ：to dilute or weaken something by adding water

简单又实用的词： Water down the soup, then it tastes dull.

4. It's a principle you can see validated in your own life when you burn the candle at both ends to get more golden eggs and wind up sick or exhausted, unable to produce any at all; ...

burn the candle at both ends 过分消耗精力

Fig.to work very hard and stay up very late at night.

If you burn at the candle at the both end to do your work, you may harm your health.

Summary

Key Terms: habit, interdependent, effectiveness, p/pc balance

在上一节的内容中说：

“ Inside-Out” means to start first with self; even more fundamentally, to start with the most inside part of self -- with your paradigms, your character, and your motives.

重要的三部分是paradigms, character和motives.

在人生的路上，paradigm是地图，character是修练必不可少的内功，那么问题来了，character靠什么培养？

“Our character, basically, is a composite of our habits. ”

习惯决定品德，品德是成功的决定性因素。由此可知习惯的重要性。

本书的书名就是the 7 habits of Highly Effective People, 很显然，习惯是作者要讲的重头戏。

1. 习惯的定义: 习惯是知识，技能和期望交集

For our purposes, we will define a habit as the intersection of knowledge, skill, and desire. 

2.习惯的属性：习惯难养，习惯难改

 - Habits can be learned and unlearned. But I also know it isn't a quick fix. It involves a process and a tremendous commitment.

- Habits, too, have tremendous gravity pull -- more than most people realize or would admit. Breaking deeply imbedded habitual tendencies “such as procrastination, impatience, criticalness, or selfishness that violate basic principles of human effectiveness involves more than a little willpower and a few minor changes in our lives.

3. 有效习惯的终极目标：通过三维因素使个人和人际效能达到一个新高度，即成长。

By working on knowledge, skill, and desire, we can break through to new levels of personal and interpersonal effectiveness as we break with old paradigms that may have been a source of pseudo-security for years.

4. 有效的习惯是为了成长：个人成长有三个阶段：

我们的终极成长目标是：interdependence阶段

因为我们生活在一个息息相关的社会，我们必须要与人打交道，否则你很难有美满的家庭、婚姻、工作等等。独立只能让你独善其身，但在相互关联的社会中，怎么可能做到一个人独立的存在。

5. interdependence最大的特点是“合作”，借助他人之力实现最大的成功

Interdependence is the paradigm of we -- we can do it: we can cooperate; we can combine our talents and abilities and create something greater together.

Interdependent people combine their own efforts with the efforts of others to achieve their greatest success.

6. 3-3-1 7个习惯和三个阶段成长的关系 

8. 现在给这7个习惯加个定语，就像这本书的名一样，有成效的习惯，引出effectiveness这一概念

按作者的说法，这7个习惯是有成效的。

作者通过下金蛋的鹅的寓言故事清楚阐述了p/pc 平衡理论，即产品预期和产出能力的平衡，进而解释effectiveness。

Effectiveness lies in the balance -- what I call the P/PC Balance TM. P stands for production of desired results, the golden eggs. PC stands for production capability, the ability or asset that produces the golden eggs.”

维持p/pc的平衡才能保证最大的效率，不能过分重视production, 也不忽略production capability,不是说用更少的时间做更多的事一定就是有成效的，关键在于平衡二字上。

Excessive focus on P results in ruined health, worn-out machines, depleted bank accounts, and broken relationships. Too much focus on PC is like a person who runs for three or four hours a day, bragging about the extra 10 years of life it creates, unaware he's spending them running. Or a person endlessly going to school, never producing, living on other people's golden eggs -- the eternal student syndrome.

9. p/pc balance的重要性：本书所说的7个习惯就基于这种p/pc effectiveness

The P/PC Balance is the very essence of effectiveness. It's validated in every arena of life. We can work with it or against it, but it's there. It's a lighthouse. It's the definition and paradigm of effectiveness upon which the Seven Habits in this book are based.

这个章节的内容实际上为书名“使人高效的习惯”进行的很好的诠释，即我们要培养的习惯是互相依赖型、可以实现产品与产能平衡的有效习惯。 

一点点感悟

在How to Use This Book这部分作者建议：

Second, I would suggest that you shift your paradigm of your own involvement in this material from the role of learner to that of teacher. Take an Inside-Out approach, and read with the purpose in mind of sharing or discussing what you learn with someone else within 48 hours after you learn it.

I guarantee that if you approach the material in each of the following chapters in this way, you will not only better remember what you read, but your perspective will be expanded, your understanding deepened, and your motivation to apply the material increased.

Convey建议我们在阅读此书的时候转化身分，从一个学者转化为教授者，跟他人分享讨论你学到的东西，这样做的好处是你不仅仅是记住了你阅读的内容，你看事物的角度会很广，理解得更深刻，阅读的动力也会提高。

每天在群里发笔记讨论是个特别好的事情，看看别人怎么理解文章内容，你有忽略了哪些有价格的内容等等。

另外关于写笔记，我认为最好的方法也是身份的转换，从一个学习者的角度变成教授者，自己学到的东西清楚地在笔记讲出来，就象讲义一样。把内容串一起来，内容和内容之间有什么关联，某个概念是什么，怎么给别人讲清楚。这就变成了一个积极主动的学习者思考者。如果笔记远只是按照文章的框架复述作者的观念，没有自己的思考，笔记就变成了纯粹的体力劳动。

上星期跟我的水彩老师聊天，他说有个学生，学画特别勤份，每天都画，已经坚持两年了，可是却没什么进步，跟两年前画的差不多。原因是她每天都照着东西一遍遍画，从来不去思考我哪里画的有问题，哪里需要改进。两年她唯一进步的熟练度罢了，两年时光真是可惜了。在读书上我们要引以为戒，多读多思才会进步。

从去年七月份参加Eric的读书群活动，已经整整一年了，这个月是第二年的第一个月。说实话还是挺有感慨的，想多说两句自己写笔记的心得，虽然我的笔记还有很大的提高空间，比起去年刚刚写笔记的时候却进步了很大。

我的经验也许不适合你，但对我来说，正如这本书的作者在前面说的，进步是一步一步，我们不能贪快跳级，饭要一口一口吃。阅读也一样，不可能速成，这是一个长期的过程，不是短期就可能实现的。你不可能在一开始就写出完美的笔记，把书吃得透透得。每个人都是从零开始，只有通过不断得坚持，才能不断提高自己的阅读能力。如果你连书都没读，笔记一篇没写过，那阅读怎么能进步？

笔记的第一个阶段：无思路阶段。我在参加读书群的前三个月，基本上很少写读书笔记。不是不想写，只是有时候写着写着就无疾而终了，即使写出来的笔记也不尽人意。原因是在自己阅读之后抓不到阅读内容的主旨，或者说作者说的东西在我脑子里是一盘散落的珠子，我无法把这些珠子串成串表达出来。我告诉自己，没关系，如果我不能抓住作者的思路，我能抓住哪几颗珠子？我至少能抓住书里面跟自己生活相关的小闪光点，这些小珠子虽然不是零散的，但是可以跟我的生活产生共鸣。于是最早的笔记，我就是记录下来这些一颗一颗小珠子。同时，我在看其它同学的笔记，向别人学习，看看别人是怎么读书的并记录的。

笔记的第二个阶段：整理归纳阶段。开始去用精简的话总结内容，但仅限于总结内容。框架还是基于作者的分类，只是把每部分的内容做一个归纳和整理。就一盘珠子来说，我可以按作者的框架把珠子分类，但是不能串成一串珠子。属于没有创造性的整理归纳阶段。

第三个阶段：通过笔记理清文章思路，去掉血肉，找到文章内在的骨架。找到内容和内容之间的关联，知道哪个珠子在哪个位置，把一个个散落的珠子用自己的方式串起来。目前我还在这个阶段徘徊，串珠子的手艺还需要不段提高。书读得越多，就能找到越闪光的珠子，能抓到的精髓越多。

一年的时间太短，我还会在读书群一直读下去。我把读英文书的经验复制到中文书中，读书开始变得简单而有趣。最关键的是有效阅读才真正能改变你的生活。