Ø读后感：

第二遍读完这本书后，对垄断、10X好、避免竞争、复利效应、指数增长、奇点，这几个词语印象深刻。

所有失败的企业都十分相似——没有逃离竞争，所有成功的企业都各有各的垄断优势。作者在书中说，这本书是关于你在创新过程中必须提出并且回答的问题。书中关于创业和VC写的非常棒，几乎觉得每一句都应该摘抄下来。

创业者需要回答的7个问题

1.The Engineering Question Can you create breakthroughtechnology instead of incremental improvements?

2. The Timing Question Is now the right time to start yourparticular business?

3. The MonopolyQuestion Are you starting with a big share of a small market?

4. The People Question Do you have the right team?

5. The Distribution Question Do you have a way to not justcreate but deliver your product?

6. The Durability Question Will your market position bedefensible 10 and 20 years into the future?

7. The Secret Question Have you identified a uniqueopportunity that others don’t see?

我现在不创业，不了解作者书中所写与当前真实创业环境的差距大小。我虽然没有一个企业可以经营，但是我有自己。所以就谈谈这本书对于我经营自己的启发吧。

a definite person determines the one best thing to do andthen does it. Instead of working tirelessly to make herself indistinguishable,she strives to be great at something substantive—to be a monopoly of one.

要知道自己想要什么，然后在该领域培养自己的专长，然后扩大到临近的领域。生活不是爬天梯，而是攀岩。做一个10X好的自己，活在自己的世界里，避免竞争。人的精力有限，专注在自己擅长的事情，不要让经历过于分散。

关于做一个10X好的自己：

所谓10X好，就是个比喻，而不是比较。开始画画以后，就逐渐不会比较了。基本上骄傲和自卑的感觉差不多没了。如果还给别人类似印象，应该也是自己嘴笨了。反正在死之前能当画家就够了，按照我这个练习时间，得好好活着，努力长寿。

坏运气是存在的，但是可以通过努力制造好运气。反正我是觉得，过自己选择的生活的时候，很多好的事情都会向我靠近。关于坏运气，无法避免。但是努力做事情可以提高能力，等到坏事发生的时候，也能有能力对抗坏运气带来的冲击。【国内李笑来对这点，比较有想法，分析的比我好太多】。所以努力做事情，可以给自己带来复利效应，还能帮自己对抗坏运气的冲击。Bargain！

这本书和《人类简史》都以奇点结尾，感觉这个有点意思。

Ø问题：

The Chinese public, too, knows that winter is coming.Outsiders are fascinated by the great fortunes being made inside China, butthey pay less attention to the wealthy Chinese trying hard to get their moneyout of the country. Poorer Chinese just save everything they can and hope itwill be enough. Every class of people in China takes the future deadlyseriously.【中国经济寒冬真的要来了吗？】

Ø与其他书联系：

a whole generation learned from childhood to overrate thepower of chance and underrate the importance of planning.【我也读过outlier，读的时候觉得Malcolm Gladwell分析有道理。现在看了彼得·蒂尔0-1，觉得他说分析的角度更有道理。感觉经常听谁说话都觉得特对，特有理。不知道是性格问题，还是判断能力问题。】

Ø段子：

关于金融调侃：

Finance epitomizes

indefinite thinking because it’s the

only way to make money when you have no idea how to create wealth.【0-1】

Financial services

companies use technical insights to create new securities and trading platforms

(and get seriously rich, until the bubble bursts or the indictments hit).【how google works】

VC rules：

Two strange rules for

VCs: first, only invest in companies that have the potential to return the

value of the entire fund. This leads to rule number two: because rule number

one is so restrictive, there can’t be

any other rules.【搞笑】

People who sell

advertising are called “account executives.” People who sell customers work in

“business development.” People who sell companies are “investment bankers.” And

people who sell themselves are called “politicians.” There’s a reason for these

redescriptions: none of us wants to be reminded when we’re

being sold.【超级棒的说法】

Ø读书笔记

The single word for horizontal progress is globalization.The single word for vertical, 0-1 is technology.【very brilliant idea for me.】

My own answer to the contrarian question is that most peoplethink the future of the world will be defined by globalization, but the truthis that technology matters more.

It’s hard to develop new things in big organizations, and it’seven harder to do it by yourself.【小而美的公司最合适，创新】

从零到一这本书的写作目的：Thisbook is about the questions you must ask and answer to succeed in the businessof doing new things

Because that is what a startup has to do: question receivedideas and rethink business from scratch.

The first step to thinking clearly is to question what wethink we know about the past.

The lesson for entrepreneurs is clear: if you want to createand capture lasting value, don’t build an undifferentiated commodity business.[not just start a business, but also liveyour life. Unique person is attractive.]

Non-monopolistsexaggerate their distinction by defining their market as the intersection ofvarious smaller markets:Monopolists, by contrast, disguise their monopoly byframing their market as the union of several large markets:

Monopoliesdrive progress because the promise of years or even decades of monopoly profitsprovides a powerful incentive to innovate. Then monopolies can keep innovatingbecause profits enable them to make the long-term plans and to finance theambitious research projects that firms locked in competition can’t dream of.

in business,equilibrium means stasis, and stasis means death.

All happycompanies are different: each one earns a monopoly by solving a unique problem.All failed companies are the same: they failed to escape competition.

true heroes

take their personal honor so seriously they will fight for things that don’t

matter. This twisted logic is part of human nature, but it’s disastrous in

business. If you can recognize competition as a destructive force instead of a

sign of value, you’re already more sane than most.【this is the inspiring idea for me in this book, sometimes we focus on

competition too much. We focus on others behaviors instead of the really

important thing of your own.】

But a greatbusiness is defined by its ability to generate cash flows in the future.

Every monopoly is unique, but they usually share somecombination of the following characteristics: proprietary technology, networkeffects, economies of scale, and branding.【Cash is king.】

Characteristics ofmonopoly

Every monopoly is unique, but they usually share somecombination of the following characteristics: proprietary technology, networkeffects, economies of scale, and branding.

·proprietary technology :As a good rule of thumb,proprietary technology must be at least10

times betterthan its closest substitute in some important dimension tolead to a real monopolistic advantage. The clearest way to make a 10ximprovement is to invent something completely new. once you’re 10x better, youescape competition.

·network effects: Network effects make a productmore useful as more people use it. network effects businesses must start withespecially small markets.

Building monopoly

·Start Small and Monopolize

Small doesn’t mean nonexistent. The perfect target marketfor a startup is a small group of particular people concentrated together andserved by few or no competitors.

·Scaling up

The most successful companies make the core progression—tofirst dominate a specific niche and then scale to adjacent markets—a part oftheir founding narrative.

·Don't disruption

avoid competition as much as possible.

感悟1：我没有一个企业可以经营，但是我有自己，可以经营我自己。我要有自己的专长，拥有自己的生活圈子，塑造自己独一无二的人格。在自己的爱好小圈子里面做自己喜欢的事情，在其中培养自己的一技之长，然后扩大到临近的领域。生活不是爬天梯，而是攀岩。

感悟2：我要热情的拥抱各种流动的信息。不能把自己局限在工作领域。作者涉及面很广，经济学功底也很深厚，各种调侃的例子信手拈来。

No one pretended that misfortune didn’t exist, but prior

generations believed in making their own luck by working hard.【李笑来比较喜欢说好运气坏运气和惊喜的事情，感觉他的一些文章的观点都是从我看过的一些经典的书中来的，但是他能够结合自己的情况再论述一遍。我觉得他应该是我现在知道看书后，写读后感最好的人了。他真的把自己读的书吸收成自己的，并且用知识变现了。坏运气没法避免，但是可以用强技能去中和。而好运却会伴随努力而来。所以，努力，即使没有带来好运，也可以在坏运气来临是不至于受损伤太大。】

a definite person determines the one best thing to do and

then does it. Instead of working tirelessly to make herself indistinguishable,

she strives to be great at something substantive—to be a monopoly of one.【超级棒！精力有限，要让自己有特色。做好本职工作，业余时间画画，美丽（身材，坚持运动）。所以我就是工作、画画、锻炼、读书，其实还是有点多，但是我喜欢这些。】

having invested the principal of a lifetime’s brilliance,Einstein continues to earn interest on it from beyond the grave by receivingcredit for things he never said.【爱因斯坦的复利效应，任何事情都有复利效应。我就通过读书来累计自己的复利效应吧】

VC：

Venture capitalists aim to identify, fund, and profit frompromising early-stage companies. They raise money from institutions and wealthypeople, pool it into a fund, and invest in technology companies that theybelieve will become more valuable. If they turn out to be right, they take acut of the returns—usually 20%. A venture fund makes money when the companiesin its portfolio become more valuable and either go public or get bought bylarger companies. Venture funds usually have a 10-year lifespan since it takestime for successful companies to grow and “exit.”

The biggest secret inventure capital is that the best investment in a successful fund equals oroutperforms the entire rest of the fund combined.

Two strange rules for VCs: first, only invest in companiesthat have the potential to return the value of the entire fund. This leads torule number two: because rule number one is so restrictive, there can’t be anyother rules.【搞笑】

life is not a portfolio: not for a startup founder, and notfor any individual. An entrepreneur cannot “diversify” herself: you cannot rundozens of companies at the same time and then hope that one of them works outwell. Less obvious but just as important, an individual cannot diversify hisown life by keeping dozens of equally possible careers in ready reserve.

You should focus relentlessly on something you’re good atdoing, but before that you must think hard about whether it will be valuable inthe future.【专注于自己擅长的，并且又未来价值的东西】

But in a power law world, you can’t afford not to think hardabout where your actions will fall on the curve.【第七章非常好，值得读很多遍】

A company does better the less it pays the CEO—that’s one ofthe single clearest patterns I’ve noticed from investing in hundreds ofstartups.

From the outside, everyone in your company should bedifferent in the same way.On the inside, every individual should be sharplydistinguished by her work.

Like acting, sales works best when hidden.

Complex Sale CEO去，personal sales：

technology is the one way for us to escape competition in aglobalizing

Indefinite fears about the far future shouldn’t stop us frommaking definite plans today.

创业者需要回答的7个问题

1.The Engineering Question Can you create breakthrough technology insteadof incremental improvements?

2. The Timing Question Is now the right time to start your particularbusiness?

3. The Monopoly Question Are youstarting with a big share of a small market?

4. The People Question Do you have the right team?

5. The Distribution Question Do you have a way to not just create butdeliver your product?

6. The Durability Question Will your market position be defensible 10 and20 years into the future?

7.The Secret Question Have you identified a unique opportunity that others don’tsee?

Whether we achieve the Singularity on a cosmic scale isperhaps less important than whether we seize the unique opportunities we haveto do new things in our own working lives. Everything important to us—theuniverse, the planet, the country, your company, your life, and this verymoment—is singular.

新知道的事情：

Jack Dorsey Twitter&square

Elton Musk Tesla

Nietzsche尼采

financial metric财务指标

yuppy住在大城市，对生活品味要求较高的年轻人

Andreessen网景

Sean Parker或译肖恩·帕克，传奇人物，是四家知名网络公司的创始人，这四家公司分别是Napster、Plaxo、Causes以及Facebook。