如何自定义 安卓输入法 和 键盘
1.首先有几个关键类
1.InputMethodService 2.Keyboard 3.KeyboardView
1.1 InputMethodService
看下这个类的介绍
InputMethodService provides a standard implementation of an InputMethod
作用 提供一个标准键盘实现 balabala.....
请参考 http://blog.csdn.net/weijinqian0/article/details/76906317
1.2.Keyboard 源码分析
xmL 定义键盘的属性 : 键位宽/高/水平间距/垂直间距/按键文字图标/键值.....
键盘的UI样式就在这个类里面定义,准确的说 是在keyboard加载的xml文件中定义
构造方法
传入键盘布局文件id
/**
* Creates a keyboard from the given xml key layout file.
* @param context the application or service context
* @param xmlLayoutResId the resource file that contains the keyboard layout and keys.
*/
public Keyboard(Context context, int xmlLayoutResId) {
this(context, xmlLayoutResId, 0);
}
/**
* Creates a keyboard from the given xml key layout file. Weeds out rows
* that have a keyboard mode defined but don't match the specified mode.
* @param context the application or service context
* @param xmlLayoutResId the resource file that contains the keyboard layout and keys.
* @param modeId keyboard mode identifier
* @param width sets width of keyboard
* @param height sets height of keyboard
*/
public Keyboard(Context context, @XmlRes int xmlLayoutResId, int modeId, int width,
int height) {
mDisplayWidth = width;
mDisplayHeight = height;
mDefaultHorizontalGap = 0;
mDefaultWidth = mDisplayWidth / 10;
mDefaultVerticalGap = 0;
mDefaultHeight = mDefaultWidth;
mKeys = new ArrayList<Key>();
mModifierKeys = new ArrayList<Key>();
mKeyboardMode = modeId;
//加载键盘
loadKeyboard(context, context.getResources().getXml(xmlLayoutResId));
}
xml 解析键盘布局
private void loadKeyboard(Context context, XmlResourceParser parser) {
boolean inKey = false;
boolean inRow = false;
boolean leftMostKey = false;
int row = 0;
int x = 0;
int y = 0;
Key key = null;
Row currentRow = null;
Resources res = context.getResources();
boolean skipRow = false;
try {
int event;
while ((event = parser.next()) != XmlResourceParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
if (event == XmlResourceParser.START_TAG) {
String tag = parser.getName();
if (TAG_ROW.equals(tag)) {
inRow = true;
x = 0;
currentRow = createRowFromXml(res, parser);
rows.add(currentRow);
skipRow = currentRow.mode != 0 && currentRow.mode != mKeyboardMode;
if (skipRow) {
skipToEndOfRow(parser);
inRow = false;
}
} else if (TAG_KEY.equals(tag)) {
inKey = true;
key = createKeyFromXml(res, currentRow, x, y, parser);
mKeys.add(key);
if (key.codes[0] == KEYCODE_SHIFT) {
// Find available shift key slot and put this shift key in it
for (int i = 0; i < mShiftKeys.length; i++) {
if (mShiftKeys[i] == null) {
mShiftKeys[i] = key;
mShiftKeyIndices[i] = mKeys.size()-1;
break;
}
}
mModifierKeys.add(key);
} else if (key.codes[0] == KEYCODE_ALT) {
mModifierKeys.add(key);
}
currentRow.mKeys.add(key);
} else if (TAG_KEYBOARD.equals(tag)) {
parseKeyboardAttributes(res, parser);
}
} else if (event == XmlResourceParser.END_TAG) {
if (inKey) {
inKey = false;
x += key.gap + key.width;
if (x > mTotalWidth) {
mTotalWidth = x;
}
} else if (inRow) {
inRow = false;
y += currentRow.verticalGap;
y += currentRow.defaultHeight;
row++;
} else {
// TODO: error or extend?
}
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e(TAG, "Parse error:" + e);
e.printStackTrace();
}
mTotalHeight = y - mDefaultVerticalGap;
}
1.3.KeyboardView :自定义键盘一般继承keyboardView 重写其方法
作用:渲染按键 侦测按压
<com.example.ableqing.androidkeyboardviewdemo.keyboard.MyKeyboardView
android:id="@+id/keyboardView"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:background="#ECECEC"
//每一个按键的背景 (全部)
android:keyBackground="@drawable/btn_keyboard_key"
//预览的view 的高度
android:keyPreviewHeight="100dp"
//按键预览的布局
android:keyPreviewLayout="@layout/keyboard_preview"
//按键预览的pop的y轴偏移量
android:keyPreviewOffset="50dp"
android:keyTextColor="#4F4F4F"
android:shadowColor="#FFFFFF"
android:shadowRadius="0.0"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"/>
2. 具体实现
2.1 自定义键盘继承KeyboardView 当然也可以不定义 直接使用keyboardView
2.2 创建布局文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutCompat
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:gravity="bottom"
android:orientation="vertical">
<!--keyboard_preview 显示区占位-->
<View
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="100dp"/>
<com.example.ableqing.androidkeyboardviewdemo.keyboard.MyKeyboardView
android:id="@+id/keyboardView"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:background="#ECECEC"
android:focusable="true"
android:focusableInTouchMode="true"
android:keyBackground="@drawable/btn_keyboard_key"
android:keyPreviewHeight="100dp"
android:keyPreviewLayout="@layout/keyboard_preview"
android:keyPreviewOffset="50dp"
android:keyTextColor="#4F4F4F"
android:shadowColor="#FFFFFF"
android:shadowRadius="0.0"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"/>
</android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutCompat>
2.3 新建服务继承InputMethodService
public class MyInputMethodService extends InputMethodService {
@Override
public View onCreateInputView() {
View view = getLayoutInflater().
//键盘的布局文件
inflate(R.layout.keyboard_global, null);
return view;
}
}
清单文件
<service
android:name="com.example.ableqing.androidkeyboardviewdemo.MyInputMethodService"
android:label="@string/keyboard_name"
android:permission="android.permission.BIND_INPUT_METHOD">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.view.InputMethod"/>
</intent-filter>
<meta-data
android:name="android.view.im"
android:resource="@xml/method"/>
</service>
2.4 xml 定义键盘的resource 文件 和 不同键盘布局文件
字母键盘的布局
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Keyboard xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:horizontalGap="0.9%p"
android:keyHeight="52dp"
android:keyWidth="9%p"
android:verticalGap="0px">
<Row>
<Key
android:codes="113"
android:keyEdgeFlags="left"
android:keyLabel="q"/>
<Key
android:codes="119"
android:keyLabel="w"/>
<Key
android:codes="101"
android:keyLabel="e"/>
<Key
android:codes="114"
android:keyLabel="r"/>
<Key
android:codes="116"
android:keyLabel="t"/>
<Key
android:codes="121"
android:keyLabel="y"/>
<Key
android:codes="117"
android:keyLabel="u"/>
<Key
android:codes="105"
android:keyLabel="i"/>
<Key
android:codes="111"
android:keyLabel="o"/>
<Key
android:codes="112"
android:keyEdgeFlags="right"
android:keyLabel="p"/>
</Row>
<Row>
<Key
android:codes="97"
android:horizontalGap="6%p"
android:keyEdgeFlags="left"
android:keyLabel="a"/>
<Key
android:codes="115"
android:keyLabel="s"/>
<Key
android:codes="100"
android:keyLabel="d"/>
<Key
android:codes="102"
android:keyLabel="f"/>
<Key
android:codes="103"
android:keyLabel="g"/>
<Key
android:codes="104"
android:keyLabel="h"/>
<Key
android:codes="106"
android:keyLabel="j"/>
<Key
android:codes="107"
android:keyLabel="k"/>
<Key
android:codes="108"
android:keyLabel="l"/>
</Row>
<Row>
<Key
android:codes="-1"
android:isModifier="true"
android:isSticky="true"
android:keyEdgeFlags="left"
android:keyWidth="12.6%p"/>
<Key
android:codes="122"
android:horizontalGap="2.3%p"
android:keyLabel="z"
android:keyWidth="9%p"/>
<Key
android:codes="120"
android:keyLabel="x"
android:keyWidth="9%p"/>
<Key
android:codes="99"
android:keyLabel="c"
android:keyWidth="9%p"/>
<Key
android:codes="118"
android:keyLabel="v"
android:keyWidth="9%p"/>
<Key
android:codes="98"
android:keyLabel="b"
android:keyWidth="9%p"/>
<Key
android:codes="110"
android:keyLabel="n"
android:keyWidth="9%p"/>
<Key
android:codes="109"
android:keyLabel="m"
android:keyWidth="9%p"/>
<Key
android:codes="-5"
android:horizontalGap="2.3%p"
android:isRepeatable="true"
android:keyEdgeFlags="right"
android:keyIcon="@mipmap/key_back"
android:keyWidth="12.6%p"/>
</Row>
<Row android:rowEdgeFlags="bottom">
<Key
android:codes="-101"
android:keyEdgeFlags="left"
android:keyLabel="123"
android:keyWidth="12.6%p"/>
<Key
android:codes="-105"
android:keyIcon="@mipmap/key_switch"
android:keyWidth="12.6%p"/>
<Key
android:codes="-100"
android:keyIcon="@mipmap/key_setting"
android:keyWidth="11%p"/>
<Key
android:codes="32"
android:isRepeatable="true"
android:keyLabel="space"
android:keyWidth="34.2%p"/>
<Key
android:codes="-4"
android:keyEdgeFlags="right"
android:keyLabel="return"
android:keyWidth="24%p"/>
</Row>
</Keyboard>
xml 中定义布局的 属性
keyLabel 按键显示的内容
keyIcon 按键显示的图标内容
keyWidth 按键的宽度
keyHeight 按键的高度
horizontalGap 代表按键前的间隙水平方向上的
isSticky 按键是否是sticky的,就像shift 键 具有两种状态
isModifier 按键是不是功能键
keyOutputText 指定按键输出的内容是字符串
isRepeatable 按键是可重复的,如果长按键可以触发重复按键事件则为true,else为false
keyEdgeFlags 指定按键的对齐指令,取值为left或者right
跳转输入法设置界面:
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction( Settings.ACTION_INPUT_METHOD_SETTINGS);
SoftDemoActivity.this.startActivity(intent);
弹出输入法选择框
((InputMethodManager) service.getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE)).showInputMethodPicker();
3问题处理
3.1 第一排按键预览位置错误
对比下讯飞输入法
可以看出讯飞输入法上面还有一个透明布局
按键的预览本质是一个popupwindow
在keyboardViwe 源码中可以看到按键预览的实现方式,按键预览的pop的位置不会超过给 InputMethodService 的布局的范围
更证: 其实onCreateCandidatesView 中设置candidatesView也可以
override fun onCreateCandidatesView(): View {
// return super.onCreateCandidatesView()
return 自定义的view
}
问题解决: 只要给InputMethodService 设置的布局的高度大于布局中的keyboardView的高度,那么就可以显示正常
3.2 给不同按键设置不同背景
keyboardView 可以给按键设置背景 但是是给所有的按键设置
这个地方不是在xml 资源文件中设置按键的keyIcon 而是重写keyboardView的Ondraw 根据不同keycode重新绘制
3.3 禁止部分按键的按键预览
1.在 keyboardView的监听 OnKeyboardActionListener 回调的onPress()中处理
@Override
public void onPress(int primaryCode) {
//设置某些按键不显示预览的view
LogUtil.d(TAG, "-->Keyboard: onPress at >>" + primaryCode);
KeyboardUtils.vibrate(20);
if (primaryCode == Keyboard.KEYCODE_SHIFT || primaryCode == Keyboard.KEYCODE_DELETE //
|| primaryCode == Keyboard.KEYCODE_DONE || primaryCode == VipKeyboardCode.CODE_SPACE //
|| primaryCode == VipKeyboardCode.CODE_TYPE_QWERTY || primaryCode == VipKeyboardCode.CODE_TYPE_NUM //
|| primaryCode == VipKeyboardCode.CODE_TYPE_SYMBOL || primaryCode == VipKeyboardCode.CODE_OPEN_VIP //
|| primaryCode == VipKeyboardCode.CODE_TYPE_SWITCH_INPUT || primaryCode == Keyboard.KEYCODE_MODE_CHANGE) {
setPreviewEnabled(false);
} else {
setPreviewEnabled(true);
}
}
2.上面处理了点击是没问题了 但是在键盘上滑动时,滑动到每个按键还是会显示preView
所以可以重写KeyboardView的OnTouchEvent方法处理
/**
* 处理滑动时 回车等键位的 按键预览 出现问题
*/
@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent me) {
float x = me.getX();
float y = me.getY();
switch (me.getAction()) {
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
mDownX = x;
mDownY = y;
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:
//取消预览
setPreviewEnabled(false);
setPopupOffset(0, ScreenUtil.dp2px(0));
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
setPreviewEnabled(false);
//滑动距离小于10dp时不隐藏键盘预览 大于10dp时隐藏键盘按键预览
if (Math.abs(x - mDownX) > ScreenUtil.dp2px(10) || Math.abs(y - mDownY) > ScreenUtil
.dp2px(10)) {
//取消预览
setPopupOffset(0, ScreenUtil.dp2px(0));
}
break;
}
return super.onTouchEvent(me);
}