python写的系统常用命令
linux和windows通用，用的时候直接from util import *导入即可使用，很方便。
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# 通用功能类封装
import os,time,sys,string,urllib,httplib,shutil,platform,tarfile
from commands import getstatusoutput as getso
from ConfigParser import *
def wr_log(str_cmd, status=0, result=""):
cur_time = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
if status == 0:
fp = open("../log/log.txt",'a+')
fp.write("[%s]\t%s\tdone!\n" % (cur_time, str_cmd))
fp.close()
else:
fp = open("../log/err_log.txt",'a+')
fp.write("[%s]\t%s\tfailed!\n%s\n\n" % (cur_time, str_cmd, result))
fp.close()
sys.exit(-1)
def wget(url, new_name=""):
'''''
wget封装，需提供下载地址，新文件名参数可省略。
例子：
wget("http://192.168.1.100/test.txt", "/tmp/test.txt")
'''
try:
file_name = url[url.rfind("/")+1:]
if new_name == "":
new_name = file_name
fp = urllib.urlopen(url)
py_ver = sys.version[:3]
if py_ver == "2.4":
domain = url.split("/")[2]
get_file = "/" + "/".join(url.split("/")[3:])
conn = httplib.HTTPConnection(domain)
conn.request('GET', get_file)
fp_code = conn.getresponse().status
else:
fp_code = fp.getcode()
if fp_code != 200:
raise NameError, '%s not exist.'%file_name
buf_len = 2048
f = open(new_name, 'wb')
size = 0
while 1:
s = fp.read(buf_len)
if not s:
break
f.write(s)
size += len(s)
fp.close()
f.close()
wr_log("wget %s"%url)
except Exception, e:
wr_log("wget %s"%url, 1, e)
def sed(type, file_name, s_str="", d_str=""):
'''''
sed封装，根据传入的type参数执行相应操作，type可以为以下几种：
a 在s_str行后面追加d_str，若s_str为空，则默认在文件尾部追加；
i 在s_str行前面插入d_str，若s_str为空，则默认在文件头部插入；
d 删除s_str所在行；
s 将s_str替换为d_str。
type及file_name为必需的参数。
例子：
替换字符串：sed("s", "/etc/test.txt", "abc", "123")
'''
try:
fp = open(file_name)
cont = fp.read()
fp.close()
content = cont.split("\n")
content2 = cont.split("\n")
cnt = 0
idx = 0
if type == "a":
str_cmd = "sed -i '/%s/a %s' %s" % (s_str, d_str, file_name)
if not s_str:
content.append(d_str)
else:
for i in content2:
if i.find(s_str) != -1:
x = idx + 1 + cnt
content.insert(x, d_str)
cnt += 1
idx += 1
elif type == "i":
str_cmd = "sed -i '/%s/i %s' %s" % (s_str, d_str, file_name)
if not s_str:
content.insert(0, d_str)
else:
for i in content2:
if i.find(s_str) != -1:
x = idx + cnt
content.insert(x, d_str)
cnt += 1
idx += 1
elif type == "d":
str_cmd = "sed -i '/%s/d' %s" % (s_str, file_name)
for i in content2:
if i.find(s_str) != -1:
idx = content.remove(i)
elif type == "s":
str_cmd = "sed -i 's/%s/%s/g' %s" % (s_str, d_str, file_name)
cont = string.replace(cont, s_str, d_str)
content = cont.split("\n")
fp = open(file_name, "w")
fp.write("\n".join(content))
fp.close()
wr_log(str_cmd)
except Exception, e:
wr_log("modify %s" % file_name, 1, e)
def md(dir_name):
'''''
mkdir封装，创建传入的目录名称。
'''
try:
if not os.path.exists(dir_name):
os.makedirs(dir_name)
wr_log("mkdir %s"%dir_name)
else:
wr_log("%s is exist."%dir_name)
except Exception, e:
wr_log("mkdir %s"%dir_name, 1, e)
def mv(src, dst):
'''''
mv封装，移动文件或修改文件名。
'''
try:
try:
os.rename(src, dst)
except OSError:
if os.path.dirname(src) == dst or os.path.dirname(src) == os.path.dirname(dst):
raise Exception, "Cannot move self."
if os.path.isdir(src):
if os.path.abspath(dst).startswith(os.path.abspath(src)):
raise Exception, "Cannot move a directory to itself."
_copy(src, dst)
shutil.rmtree(src)
else:
shutil.copy2(src,dst)
os.unlink(src)
wr_log("mv %s %s"%(src, dst))
except Exception, e:
wr_log("mv %s %s"%(src, dst), 1, e)
def cp(src, dst):
'''''
cp封装，复制文件或目录。
'''
try:
_copy(src, dst)
wr_log("cp %s %s"%(src, dst))
except Exception, e:
wr_log("cp %s %s"%(src, dst), 1, e)
def _copy(src, dst):
'''''
copy封装，供cp调用。
'''
if os.path.isdir(src):
base = os.path.basename(src)
if os.path.exists(dst):
dst = os.path.join(dst, base)
if not os.path.exists(dst):
os.makedirs(dst)
names = os.listdir(src)
for name in names:
srcname = os.path.join(src, name)
_copy(srcname, dst)
else:
shutil.copy2(src, dst)
def touch(src):
'''''
linux适用
touch封装，新建空白文件。
'''
str_cmd = "/bin/touch %s" % src
status, result = getso(str_cmd)
wr_log(str_cmd, status, result)
def rm(src):
'''''
rm封装，删除文件或目录，非交互式操作，请谨慎操作。
'''
try:
if os.path.exists(src):
if os.path.isfile(src):
os.remove(src)
elif os.path.isdir(src):
shutil.rmtree(src)
wr_log("rm %s" % src)
except Exception, e:
wr_log("rm %s" % src, 1, e)
def chmod(num, file_name):
'''''
linux适用
chmod封装，修改文件权限。
需要传入一个八进制数以及文件名。
例子：
chmod(644, "/tmp/test.txt")
'''
str_cmd = "/bin/chmod %s %s" % (num, file_name)
status, result = getso(str_cmd)
wr_log(str_cmd, status, result)
def chown(user, file_name, arg=""):
'''''
linux适用
chown封装，修改文件属主属组。
例子：
chown("nobody.nobody", "/tmp", "r")
'''
if arg == "r":
str_cmd = "/bin/chown -R %s %s" % (user, file_name)
else:
str_cmd = "/bin/chown %s %s" % (user, file_name)
status, result = getso(str_cmd)
wr_log(str_cmd, status, result)
def rar(dst,src):
'''''
windows适用
winrar 压缩文件 如： rar(c:\dat.rar c:\dat)
'''
try:
if not os.path.exists(src) or not os.path.exists(os.path.dirname(dst)):
raise Exception, "%s or %s not exist!" % (src, os.path.dirname(dst))
os.system(r'C:\Progra~1\WinRAR\rar a %s %s' % (dst,src))
wr_log("rar %s to %s" % (src, dst))
except Exception,e:
wr_log("rar %s to %s" % (src, dst), 1, e)
def unrar(src,dst):
'''''
windows适用
unrar 解压缩rar文件 到目标路径 如：unrar(c:\dat.rar c:\)
'''
try:
if not os.path.exists(dst) or not os.path.exists(src):
raise Exception, "%s or %s not exist!" % (src, dst)
os.system(r'C:\Progra~1\WinRAR\rar x %s %s' % (src, dst))
wr_log("unrar %s" % src)
except Exception,e:
wr_log("unrar %s" % src, 1, e)
def tar(dst, src):
'''''
linux适用
tar封装，压缩文件。
例子：
tar("/tmp/test.tgz", "/tmp/test.txt")
'''
str_cmd = "/bin/tar zcf %s %s" % (dst, src)
status, result = getso(str_cmd)
wr_log(str_cmd, status, result)
def untgz(tgz_file, dst="./"):
'''''
tar封装，解压缩文件。
例子：
untgz("/tmp/test.tgz", "/tmp")
'''
try:
tarobj = tarfile.open(tgz_file)
names = tarobj.getnames()
for name in names:
tarobj.extract(name,path=dst)
tarobj.close()
wr_log("untgz %s" % tgz_file)
except Exception, e:
wr_log("untgz %s" % tgz_file, 1, e)
def kill(arg):
'''''
linux中，查找进程并杀死返回的pid。
windows中，查找进程或端口并杀死返回的pid。
'''
pid = get_pid(arg)
os_type = platform.system()
if os_type == "Linux":
if pid:
str_cmd = "/bin/kill -9 %s" % pid
status, result = getso(str_cmd)
wr_log("kill %s" % arg, status, result)
elif os_type == "Windows":
if pid:
try:
import ctypes
for i in pid:
handle = ctypes.windll.kernel32.OpenProcess(1, False, i)
ctypes.windll.kernel32.TerminateProcess(handle,0)
wr_log("kill %s" % arg)
except Exception, e:
wr_log("kill %s" % arg, 1, e)
def get_pid(arg):
'''''
linux中，查找进程并返回pid。
windows中，查找进程或端口返回pid。
'''
os_type = platform.system()
if os_type == "Linux":
str_cmd = "/bin/ps auxww | grep '%s' | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}'" % arg
status, result = getso(str_cmd)
return result
elif os_type == "Windows":
if type(arg) == int:
str_cmd = "netstat -ano|find \"%s\""%arg
try:
result = os.popen(str_cmd,"r").read()
result = result.split("\n")[0].strip()
if result.find("WAIT") != -1:
return 0
pid = int(result[result.rfind(" "):].strip())
return [pid]
except Exception, e:
return 0
else:
import win32con,win32api,win32process
pids = []
for pid in win32process.EnumProcesses():
try:
hProcess = win32api.OpenProcess(win32con.PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS, False, pid)
hProcessFirstModule = win32process.EnumProcessModules(hProcess)[0]
processName = os.path.splitext(os.path.split(win32process.GetModuleFileNameEx(hProcess, hProcessFirstModule))[1])[0]
if processName == arg:
pids.append(pid)
except Exception, e:
pass
return pids
def grpadd(grp_name):
'''''
linux适用
groupadd封装，增加组。
'''
str_cmd = "/usr/sbin/groupadd %s" % grp_name
status, result = getso(str_cmd)
wr_log(str_cmd, status, result)
def useradd(user_name, arg=""):
'''''
useradd封装，添加新用户；
linux和windows系统分别使用不同方法；
在linux中，arg填写新用户的gid；
windows中，arg填写新用户的密码。
'''
os_type = platform.system()
if os_type == "Linux":
str_cmd = "/usr/bin/id %s" % user_name
status, result = getso(str_cmd)
if status == 0:
return
if not arg:
str_cmd = "/usr/sbin/useradd %s" % user_name
else:
str_cmd = "/usr/sbin/useradd -g %s %s" % (arg, user_name)
status, result = getso(str_cmd)
wr_log(str_cmd, status, result)
elif os_type == "Windows":
try:
import win32netcon,win32net,wmi
for use in wmi.WMI().Win32_UserAccount():
if use.name == user_name:
raise Exception, "user %s is already exists" % user_name
udata = {}
udata["name"] = user_name
udata["password"] = arg
udata["flags"] = win32netcon.UF_NORMAL_ACCOUNT | win32netcon.UF_SCRIPT
udata["priv"] = win32netcon.USER_PRIV_USER
win32net.NetUserAdd(None, 1, udata)
wr_log("add user %s" % user_name)
except Exception,e:
wr_log("add user %s" % user_name, 1, e)
def userdel(user_name):
'''''
userdel封装，删除用户。
'''
os_type = platform.system()
if os_type == "Linux":
str_cmd = "/usr/bin/id %s" % user_name
status, result = getso(str_cmd)
if status == 0:
str_cmd = "/usr/sbin/userdel -r %s" % user_name
status, result = getso(str_cmd)
wr_log(str_cmd, status, result)
elif os_type == "Windows":
try:
import win32net,wmi
for use in wmi.WMI().Win32_UserAccount():
if use.name == user_name:
win32net.NetUserDel(None,user_name)
wr_log("del user %s" % user_name)
return
wr_log("user %s not exists" % user_name)
except Exception,e:
wr_log("del user %s" % user_name, 1, e)
