SDWebImage (v4.4.1)-SDWebImageCache
#pragma mark--------本地查找缓存,注意,这里设计变化很大,原本是先判断内存图片,现在是开启磁盘队列的里面判断内存图片
// 先查询内存缓存,如果没有,然后再异步查找磁盘缓存
- (nullable NSOperation *)queryCacheOperationForKey:(nullable NSString *)key options:(SDImageCacheOptions)options done:(nullable SDCacheQueryCompletedBlock)doneBlock {
if (!key) {
if (doneBlock) {
doneBlock(nil, nil, SDImageCacheTypeNone);
}
return nil;
}
//1.先检查内存缓存
// First check the in-memory cache...
UIImage *image = [self imageFromMemoryCacheForKey:key];
//如果图片在内存中,并且没有强制要求查询磁盘,就返回
BOOL shouldQueryMemoryOnly = (image && !(options & SDImageCacheQueryDataWhenInMemory));
if (shouldQueryMemoryOnly) {
if (doneBlock) {
doneBlock(image, nil, SDImageCacheTypeMemory);
}
//返回nil 因为不是异步操作
return nil;
}
// 2.开启异步队列,读取磁盘缓存
NSOperation *operation = [NSOperation new];
void(^queryDiskBlock)(void) = ^{
if (operation.isCancelled) {
// do not call the completion if cancelled
return;
}
//有大量中间临时变量产生时,避免内存使用峰值过高,需要及时释放内存
@autoreleasepool {
NSData *diskData = [self diskImageDataBySearchingAllPathsForKey:key];
UIImage *diskImage;
SDImageCacheType cacheType = SDImageCacheTypeDisk;
//如果有图片,说明有磁盘中有缓存
if (image)
{
// the image is from in-memory cache
diskImage = image;
cacheType = SDImageCacheTypeMemory;
}
else if (diskData)
{
//如果没有内存缓存,但是如果有磁盘数据,就解码图像数据
// decode image data only if in-memory cache missed
diskImage = [self diskImageForKey:key data:diskData options:options];
// 3.如果解码成功,并且需要缓存到内存中,就添加到内存中
if (diskImage && self.config.shouldCacheImagesInMemory)
{
//计算图片像素点作为cost,添加到内存中
NSUInteger cost = SDCacheCostForImage(diskImage);
[self.memCache setObject:diskImage forKey:key cost:cost];
}
}
if (doneBlock)
{
//如果设置了同步查询磁盘缓存,回调也要回调主线程
if (options & SDImageCacheQueryDiskSync) {
doneBlock(diskImage, diskData, cacheType);
} else {
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
doneBlock(diskImage, diskData, cacheType);
});
}
}
}
};
if (options & SDImageCacheQueryDiskSync) {
queryDiskBlock();
} else {
dispatch_async(self.ioQueue, queryDiskBlock);
}
return operation;
}
这里我们逐步分析一下:
最开始,先去判断一下key(也就是图片url)是否为空。然后再去检查内存缓存,如果图片在内存中,并且没有强制要求查询磁盘,就返回。
这里出现了一种特殊情况,如果是要求了强制检查磁盘缓存。即使内存缓存有数据,也会继续去查找数据。
这里是往上查找SDImageCacheQueryDataWhenInMemory
->SDWebImageQueryDataWhenInMemory
它的注释为
/**
* By default, we do not query disk data when the image is cached in memory. This mask can force to query disk data at the same time.
* This flag is recommend to be used with `SDWebImageQueryDiskSync` to ensure the image is loaded in the same runloop.
*/
正常情况下,当图像存在内存中的时候,我们不会查询磁盘数据。这个选项可以强制查询磁盘数据。
此标志建议与“SDWebImageQueryDiskSync”一起使用,以确保图像加载在同一个运行循环中。
然后我们要去查找磁盘数据
// 查找磁盘缓存中图片二进制数据
- (nullable NSData *)diskImageDataBySearchingAllPathsForKey:(nullable NSString *)key {
// 读取磁盘缓存(沙盒)
NSString *defaultPath = [self defaultCachePathForKey:key];
NSData *data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:defaultPath options:self.config.diskCacheReadingOptions error:nil];
if (data) {
return data;
}
// fallback because of https://github.com/rs/SDWebImage/pull/976 that added the extension to the disk file name
// checking the key with and without the extension
// 如果沙盒里没有,就去掉扩展名试试,因为获取磁盘文件路径添加了扩展名(存的时候怎么存的???)
data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:defaultPath.stringByDeletingPathExtension options:self.config.diskCacheReadingOptions error:nil];
if (data) {
return data;
}
//如果还是没有,就读取bundle中的数据 (addReadOnlyCachePath 获取到的那个)
NSArray<NSString *> *customPaths = [self.customPaths copy];
for (NSString *path in customPaths) {
NSString *filePath = [self cachePathForKey:key inPath:path];
NSData *imageData = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:filePath options:self.config.diskCacheReadingOptions error:nil];
if (imageData) {
return imageData;
}
// fallback because of https://github.com/rs/SDWebImage/pull/976 that added the extension to the disk file name
// checking the key with and without the extension
imageData = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:filePath.stringByDeletingPathExtension options:self.config.diskCacheReadingOptions error:nil];
if (imageData) {
return imageData;
}
}
return nil;
}
这里获取磁盘数据的方法调用流程为diskImageDataBySearchingAllPathsForKey
->defaultCachePathForKey
->cachePathForKey:inPath
->cachedFileNameForKey
。
从后往前看:
//图片存储路径
- (nullable NSString *)cachedFileNameForKey:(nullable NSString *)key {
const char *str = key.UTF8String;
if (str == NULL) {
str = "";
}
unsigned char r[CC_MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH];
CC_MD5(str, (CC_LONG)strlen(str), r);
NSURL *keyURL = [NSURL URLWithString:key];
NSString *ext = keyURL ? keyURL.pathExtension : key.pathExtension;
NSString *filename = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%@",
r[0], r[1], r[2], r[3], r[4], r[5], r[6], r[7], r[8], r[9], r[10],
r[11], r[12], r[13], r[14], r[15], ext.length == 0 ? @"" : [NSString stringWithFormat:@".%@", ext]];
return filename;
}
我猜想这里使用MD5的原因:
一方面可能是因为安全策略的原因。但是更重要的是保证存储的key的读取安全。
比如说,有一个这样的图片urlhttp://img.com/bby。按照SDWebImage的存储策略,可能会形成类似这样的key:/var/Applications/[application]/documents/http://img.com/bby,甚至可能更混乱的路径。
缓存图片
//根据key去异步缓存image,toDisk为NO不存储在磁盘 多加一个imageData图片data
- (void)storeImage:(nullable UIImage *)image
imageData:(nullable NSData *)imageData
forKey:(nullable NSString *)key
toDisk:(BOOL)toDisk
completion:(nullable SDWebImageNoParamsBlock)completionBlock {
if (!image || !key) {
if (completionBlock) {
completionBlock();
}
return;
}
// if memory cache is enabled
if (self.config.shouldCacheImagesInMemory) {
NSUInteger cost = SDCacheCostForImage(image);
[self.memCache setObject:image forKey:key cost:cost];
}
if (toDisk)
{
//异步串行队列
dispatch_async(self.ioQueue, ^{
@autoreleasepool {
NSData *data = imageData;
if (!data && image) {
// If we do not have any data to detect image format, check whether it contains alpha channel to use PNG or JPEG format
SDImageFormat format;
if (SDCGImageRefContainsAlpha(image.CGImage)) {
format = SDImageFormatPNG;
} else {
format = SDImageFormatJPEG;
}
data = [[SDWebImageCodersManager sharedInstance] encodedDataWithImage:image format:format];
}
[self _storeImageDataToDisk:data forKey:key];
}
if (completionBlock) {
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
completionBlock();
});
}
});
} else {
if (completionBlock) {
completionBlock();
}
}
}
// Make sure to call form io queue by caller
- (void)_storeImageDataToDisk:(nullable NSData *)imageData forKey:(nullable NSString *)key {
if (!imageData || !key) {
return;
}
if (![self.fileManager fileExistsAtPath:_diskCachePath]) {
[self.fileManager createDirectoryAtPath:_diskCachePath withIntermediateDirectories:YES attributes:nil error:NULL];
}
// get cache Path for image key
NSString *cachePathForKey = [self defaultCachePathForKey:key];
// transform to NSUrl
NSURL *fileURL = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:cachePathForKey];
[imageData writeToURL:fileURL options:self.config.diskCacheWritingOptions error:nil];
// disable iCloud backup
if (self.config.shouldDisableiCloud) {
[fileURL setResourceValue:@YES forKey:NSURLIsExcludedFromBackupKey error:nil];
}
}
可以发现,缓存数据需要在串行队列 ioQueue 中同步执行,主要任务就是新建存储图片数据的文件夹,并使用 [_fileManager createFileAtPath:cachePathForKey contents:imageData attributes:nil] 把imageData写入该路径下。
判断图片类型
使用这个方法来判断
BOOL SDCGImageRefContainsAlpha(CGImageRef imageRef) {
if (!imageRef) {
return NO;
}
CGImageAlphaInfo alphaInfo = CGImageGetAlphaInfo(imageRef);
BOOL hasAlpha = !(alphaInfo == kCGImageAlphaNone ||
alphaInfo == kCGImageAlphaNoneSkipFirst ||
alphaInfo == kCGImageAlphaNoneSkipLast);
return hasAlpha;
}
这个方法实际上是判断图片是否包含alpha通道
- jpeg是有损压缩,可能会造成图片的破坏,并且没有alpha通道;
- PNG是一种无损压缩。不会破坏图片,可以有透明效果。