在CentOS上安装Mysql，留存记录，待以后查看。参考Mysql官网的 Installing MySQL on Linux Using the MySQL Yum Repository。
安装准备
系统信息
命令：uname -a
[root@localhost /]# uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Nov 19 22:10:57 UTC 2015 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
检测是否安装
命令：rpm -qa | grep mysql，搜索指定rpm包是否安装。
安装前先检测系统中是否安装有mysql，如果有则可以先将原有的数据库卸载。我已经安装好了，信息为：
[root@localhost /]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
mysql-community-devel-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch
mysql-community-client-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-server-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-common-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64
删除已有软件
如果已经有安装过，可以通过 rpm -e 命令 或者 rpm -e --nodeps 命令来卸载。
- 普通删除模式
[root@localhost /]# rpm -e mysql-community-devel
删除时也会报错，无法删除，因为有依赖关系存在：
[root@localhost /]# rpm -e mysql-community-libs
error: Failed dependencies:
libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) is needed by (installed) postfix-2:2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64
libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) is needed by (installed) perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-5.el7.x86_64
libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) is needed by (installed) postfix-2:2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64
libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) is needed by (installed) perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-5.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 5.6.10 is needed by (installed) mysql-community-client-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64
- 强力删除模式
如果使用上面命令删除时，提示有依赖的其它文件，则用该命令可以对其进行强力删除。
[root@localhost /]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql-community-common
在删除完以后可以通过 rpm -qa | grep mysql 命令来查看mysql是否已经卸载成功！！
安装
客户端
使用 yum install mysql，安装成功，过程提示：
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: centos.ustc.edu.cn
* epel: mirror.premi.st
* extras: centos.ustc.edu.cn
* updates: centos.ustc.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mariadb-libs(x86-64) = 1:5.5.52-1.el7 for package: 1:mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
mariadb x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 base 8.7 M
Installing for dependencies:
mariadb-libs x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 base 761 k
Transaction Summary
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+1 Dependent package)
Total download size: 9.5 M
Installed size: 53 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
(1/2): mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 761 kB 00:00:00
(2/2): mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 8.7 MB 00:00:08
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 1.1 MB/s | 9.5 MB 00:00:08
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
** Found 6 pre-existing rpmdb problem(s), 'yum check' output follows:
perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-5.el7.x86_64 has missing requires of libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit)
perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-5.el7.x86_64 has missing requires of libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit)
2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 has missing requires of libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit)
2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 has missing requires of libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit)
tagsoup-1.2.1-8.el7.noarch has missing requires of jpackage-utils
tagsoup-1.2.1-8.el7.noarch has missing requires of jpackage-utils >= ('0', '1.6', None)
Installing : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 1/2
Installing : 1:mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 2/2
Verifying : 1:mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 1/2
Verifying : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 2/2
Installed:
mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7
Dependency Installed:
mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7
Complete!
服务端
使用 yum install mysql-server 时，无法安装，提示：
[root@localhost /]# yum install mysql-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: centos.ustc.edu.cn
* epel: mirror.premi.st
* extras: centos.ustc.edu.cn
* updates: centos.ustc.edu.cn
No package mysql-server available.
Error: Nothing to do
需要自己去下载，然后安装，下载地址：
Download MySQL Community Server，根据系统选择好版本。
[root@localhost /]# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
--2017-02-27 22:51:57-- http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
Resolving dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)... 137.254.60.11
Connecting to dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)|137.254.60.11|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved Permanently
Location: https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm [following]
--2017-02-27 22:51:58-- https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
Connecting to dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)|137.254.60.11|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found
Location: https://repo.mysql.com//mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm [following]
--2017-02-27 22:51:59-- https://repo.mysql.com//mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
Resolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 69.192.245.30
Connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|69.192.245.30|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 6140 (6.0K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
Saving to: ?.ysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm?
100%[=====================================================================================================================================================>] 6,140 --.-K/s in 0s
2017-02-27 22:52:00 (585 MB/s) - ?.ysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm?.saved [6140/6140]
下载完成后，安装并显示进度：
[root@localhost application]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-release-el7-5 ################################# [100%]
再安装 server ：
[root@localhost application]# yum install mysql-community-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: centos.ustc.edu.cn
* epel: mirror.premi.st
* extras: centos.ustc.edu.cn
* updates: centos.ustc.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.6.35-2.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.6.35-2.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 5.6.10 for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 will be obsoleted
---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.6.35-2.el7 will be obsoleting
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 5.6.10 for package: mysql-community-client-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64
---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.6.35-2.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 will be obsoleted
---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.6.35-2.el7 will be obsoleting
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
mysql-community-client x86_64 5.6.35-2.el7 mysql56-community 19 M
replacing mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7
mysql-community-libs x86_64 5.6.35-2.el7 mysql56-community 2.0 M
replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7
mysql-community-server x86_64 5.6.35-2.el7 mysql56-community 59 M
Installing for dependencies:
mysql-community-common x86_64 5.6.35-2.el7 mysql56-community 257 k
Transaction Summary
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 3 Packages (+1 Dependent package)
Total download size: 81 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
(1/4): mysql-community-common-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 257 kB 00:00:02
mysql-community-libs-5.6.35-2. FAILED 5% [==== ] 28 B/s | 4.8 MB 778:23:21 ETA
http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-libs-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-libs-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')
Trying other mirror.
mysql-community-client-5.6.35- FAILED 3% [==- ] 6.8 kB/s | 2.9 MB 03:15:45 ETA
http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-client-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-client-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')
Trying other mirror.
mysql-community-server-5.6.35- FAILED 13% [=========- ] 0.6 B/s | 11 MB 31677:54:44 ETA
http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-server-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-server-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')
Trying other mirror.
(2/4): mysql-community-libs-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.0 MB 00:00:00
(3/4): mysql-community-client-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 19 MB 00:14:10
mysql-community-server-5.6.35- FAILED 44% [=============================== ] 7.7 B/s | 36 MB 1690:36:00 ETA
http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-server-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-server-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')
Trying other mirror.
mysql-community-server-5.6.35- FAILED 52% [==================================== ] 7.6 B/s | 42 MB 1489:03:48 ETA
http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-server-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-server-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')
Trying other mirror.
(4/4): mysql-community-server-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 59 MB 00:20:16
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 21 kB/s | 81 MB 01:06:44
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
** Found 2 pre-existing rpmdb problem(s), 'yum check' output follows:
tagsoup-1.2.1-8.el7.noarch has missing requires of jpackage-utils
tagsoup-1.2.1-8.el7.noarch has missing requires of jpackage-utils >= ('0', '1.6', None)
Installing : mysql-community-common-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64 1/6
Installing : mysql-community-libs-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64 2/6
Installing : mysql-community-client-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64 3/6
Installing : mysql-community-server-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64 4/6
Erasing : 1:mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 5/6
Erasing : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 6/6
Verifying : mysql-community-client-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64 1/6
Verifying : mysql-community-libs-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64 2/6
Verifying : mysql-community-common-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64 3/6
Verifying : mysql-community-server-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64 4/6
Verifying : 1:mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 5/6
Verifying : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 6/6
Installed:
mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.6.35-2.el7 mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.6.35-2.el7 mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.6.35-2.el7
Dependency Installed:
mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.6.35-2.el7
Replaced:
mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7
Complete!
开发包
服务端安装好后，需要安装 mysql-devel，包含了所需要的库和文件，如果需要编译其他Mysql客户程序，必须要安装。这里有一个解释:
That is what RPM-based Linuxes typically call the MySQL development
files package. Typically this is packaged separately from the MySQL
database program itself and the client programs.
安装过程：
[root@localhost /]# yum install mysql-devel
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: centos.ustc.edu.cn
* epel: mirror.premi.st
* extras: centos.ustc.edu.cn
* updates: centos.ustc.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-devel.x86_64 0:5.6.35-2.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
mysql-community-devel x86_64 5.6.35-2.el7 mysql56-community 3.4 M
Transaction Summary
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total download size: 3.4 M
Installed size: 21 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
mysql-community-devel-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 3.4 MB 00:01:11
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : mysql-community-devel-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : mysql-community-devel-5.6.35-2.el7.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
mysql-community-devel.x86_64 0:5.6.35-2.el7
Complete!
到这里就算安装成功了，还有对Mysql的一些配置，参见另外一篇文章。
总结
- 查看系统信息：uname -a；
- 查看是否安装：rpm -qa | grep mysql；
- 删除已安装软件：rpm -e mysql-community-devel 或 rpm -e --nodeps mysql-community-common ；
- 安装客户端：yum install mysql；
- 安装服务端：yum install mysql-server ，如果失败：
- 下载 wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm；
- 安装 rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm ；
- 服务端：yum install mysql-community-server；
- 安装开发包：yum install mysql-devel；
- 完成，测试。
