分布式事务两阶段提交——Nacos+Seata方案
前言
在微服务的大环境下，服务按照业务维度拆分之后会遇到事务不一致问题，Seata的开源填补了两阶段提交这种模式，并且无业务代码的侵入，这里采用eureka集群整合Seata。
一、Eureka集群搭建
1、修改hosts文件映射
127.0.0.1 eureka-server1.com
127.0.0.1 eureka-server2.com
2、创建eureka-server工程，引入Maven依赖
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.2.10.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/>
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Hoxton.SR8</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
3、application.properties文件
-
1)application.properties
spring.profiles.active=eureka-server1
- 2)application-eureka-server1.properties
# Eureka Server服务端口
server.port=9090
# 取消服务器自我注册，就是Eureka Server也可以被更高层的服务器来管理
eureka.client.register-with-eureka=false
# 注册中心的服务器，没有必要再去检索服务
eureka.client.fetch-registry=false
# 单机 hostname: localhost #eureka注册中心实例名称
eureka.instance.hostname=eureka-server1.com
# Eureka Server 服务URL，用于客户端注册
#设置与Eureka注册中心交互的地址，查询服务和注册服务用到
#集群
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://eureka-server2.com:9091/eureka/
#单机
#eureka.client.serverUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:${server.port}/eureka/
- 3)application-eureka-server2.properties
# Eureka Server服务端口
server.port=9091
# 取消服务器自我注册，就是Eureka Server也可以被更高层的服务器来管理
eureka.client.register-with-eureka=false
# 注册中心的服务器，没有必要再去检索服务
eureka.client.fetch-registry=false
# 单机 hostname: localhost #eureka注册中心实例名称
eureka.instance.hostname=eureka-server2.com
# Eureka Server 服务URL，用于客户端注册
#设置与Eureka注册中心交互的地址，查询服务和注册服务用到
#集群
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://eureka-server1.com:9090/eureka/
#单机
#eureka.client.serverUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:${server.port}/eureka/
注意，多台eureka-server服务，只需要修改eureka.instance.hostname和eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone
4、新建EurekaServerApplication启动类
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class EurekaServerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class,args);
}
}
5、启动eureka-server服务
二、Seata配置
2.1、Seata服务端（TC）部署
下载Seata服务端压缩包：https://github.com/seata/seata/releases
2.2、Seata配置
1、修改conf目录中 flie.conf 文件，修改事务日志存储模式为 db 及数据库连接信息，且新增service模块，如下：
transport {
# tcp udt unix-domain-socket
type = "TCP"
#NIO NATIVE
server = "NIO"
#enable heartbeat
heartbeat = true
# the client batch send request enable
enableClientBatchSendRequest = false
#thread factory for netty
threadFactory {
bossThreadPrefix = "NettyBoss"
workerThreadPrefix = "NettyServerNIOWorker"
serverExecutorThreadPrefix = "NettyServerBizHandler"
shareBossWorker = false
clientSelectorThreadPrefix = "NettyClientSelector"
clientSelectorThreadSize = 1
clientWorkerThreadPrefix = "NettyClientWorkerThread"
# netty boss thread size,will not be used for UDT
bossThreadSize = 1
#auto default pin or 8
workerThreadSize = "default"
}
shutdown {
# when destroy server, wait seconds
wait = 3
}
serialization = "seata"
compressor = "none"
}
#这里手动加入service模块
service {
#transaction service group mapping
#修改，可不改,my_test_tx_group 前缀建议为各微服务名。
vgroup_mapping.seata_eureka_bank1_group = "seata-server"
vgroup_mapping.seata_eureka_bank2_group = "seata-server"
#only support when registry.type=file, please don't set multiple addresses
# 此服务的地址
default.grouplist = "127.0.0.1:8091"
#disable seata
disableGlobalTransaction = false
}
## transaction log store, only used in server side
store {
## store mode: file、db
mode = "db"
## file store property
file {
## store location dir
dir = "sessionStore"
# branch session size , if exceeded first try compress lockkey, still exceeded throws exceptions
maxBranchSessionSize = 16384
# globe session size , if exceeded throws exceptions
maxGlobalSessionSize = 512
# file buffer size , if exceeded allocate new buffer
fileWriteBufferCacheSize = 16384
# when recover batch read size
sessionReloadReadSize = 100
# async, sync
flushDiskMode = async
}
## database store property
db {
## the implement of javax.sql.DataSource, such as DruidDataSource(druid)/BasicDataSource(dbcp) etc.
datasource = "druid"
## mysql/oracle/postgresql/h2/oceanbase etc.
dbType = "mysql"
driverClassName = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/seata"
user = "root"
password = "yibo"
minConn = 5
maxConn = 30
globalTable = "global_table"
branchTable = "branch_table"
lockTable = "lock_table"
queryLimit = 100
}
}
## server configuration, only used in server side
server {
recovery {
#schedule committing retry period in milliseconds
committingRetryPeriod = 1000
#schedule asyn committing retry period in milliseconds
asynCommittingRetryPeriod = 1000
#schedule rollbacking retry period in milliseconds
rollbackingRetryPeriod = 1000
#schedule timeout retry period in milliseconds
timeoutRetryPeriod = 1000
}
undo {
logSaveDays = 7
#schedule delete expired undo_log in milliseconds
logDeletePeriod = 86400000
}
#check auth
enableCheckAuth = true
#unit ms,s,m,h,d represents milliseconds, seconds, minutes, hours, days, default permanent
maxCommitRetryTimeout = "-1"
maxRollbackRetryTimeout = "-1"
rollbackRetryTimeoutUnlockEnable = false
}
## metrics configuration, only used in server side
metrics {
enabled = false
registryType = "compact"
# multi exporters use comma divided
exporterList = "prometheus"
exporterPrometheusPort = 9898
}
由于我们使用了db模式存储事务日志，所以我们需要创建一个seata数据库，Seata数据库表初始化脚本：https://github.com/seata/seata/tree/1.1.0/script/server/db
2.3、修改注册中心和配置中心，使用eureka作为注册中心、直接使用file.conf配置文件存储seata规则，即修改 conf目录中 registry.conf 文件，如下：
registry {
# file 、nacos 、eureka、redis、zk、consul、etcd3、sofa
type = "eureka"
nacos {
application = "seata-server"
serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8848"
group = "SEATA_GROUP"
namespace = ""
cluster = "default"
username = ""
password = ""
}
eureka {
serviceUrl = "http://eureka-server1.com:9090/eureka/,http://eureka-server2.com:9091/eureka/"
application = "seata-server"
weight = "1"
}
redis {
serverAddr = "localhost:6379"
db = 0
password = ""
cluster = "default"
timeout = 0
}
zk {
cluster = "default"
serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:2181"
sessionTimeout = 6000
connectTimeout = 2000
username = ""
password = ""
}
consul {
cluster = "default"
serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8500"
}
etcd3 {
cluster = "default"
serverAddr = "http://localhost:2379"
}
sofa {
serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:9603"
application = "default"
region = "DEFAULT_ZONE"
datacenter = "DefaultDataCenter"
cluster = "default"
group = "SEATA_GROUP"
addressWaitTime = "3000"
}
file {
name = "file.conf"
}
}
config {
# file、nacos 、apollo、zk、consul、etcd3
type = "file"
nacos {
serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8848"
namespace = ""
group = "SEATA_GROUP"
username = ""
password = ""
}
consul {
serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8500"
}
apollo {
appId = "seata-server"
apolloMeta = "http://192.168.1.204:8801"
namespace = "application"
}
zk {
serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:2181"
sessionTimeout = 6000
connectTimeout = 2000
username = ""
password = ""
}
etcd3 {
serverAddr = "http://localhost:2379"
}
file {
name = "file.conf"
}
}
2.4、启动seata-server，如下：
三、各微服务配置
3.1、引入maven依赖
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.2.10.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/>
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
<version>2.2.0.RELEASE</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>io.seata</groupId>
<artifactId>seata-all</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>io.seata</groupId>
<artifactId>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.seata</groupId>
<artifactId>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mapper-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>2.1.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.18</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.12</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Hoxton.SR8</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-generator-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.3.6</version>
<configuration>
<configurationFile>
${basedir}/src/main/resources/generator/generatorConfig.xml
</configurationFile>
<overwrite>true</overwrite>
<verbose>true</verbose>
</configuration>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.18</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mapper</artifactId>
<version>4.1.5</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
3.2、分别在各业务数据库中创建undo_log表，此表为seata框架使用，sql地址：https://github.com/seata/seata/tree/develop/script/client/at/db
3.3、配置application.properties文件
# 应用名
spring.application.name=eureka-seata-bank1
server.port=8080
#表示是否将自己注册进EurekaServer默认为true
eureka.client.register-with-eureka=true
#是否从EurekaServer抓取已有的注册信息，默认为true，单节点无所谓，集群必须设置为true才能配合ribbon使用负载均衡
eureka.client.fetch-registry=true
#集群版
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://eureka-server1.com:9090/eureka/,http://eureka-server2.com:9091/eureka/
# Eureka 客户端应用实例的ID
eureka.instance.instance-id=${spring.application.name}:${server.port}
#点进去左下角会显示ip
eureka.instance.prefer-ip-address=true
# 调整注册信息的获取周期
eureka.client.registry-fetch-interval-seconds=5
# 调整客户端应用状态信息上报的周期
eureka.client.instance-info-replication-interval-seconds=5
# seata config.type=file相关配置
seata.enabled=true
seata.application-id=${spring.application.name}
# 不同的微服务vgroup_mapping.seata_eureka_bank1_group配置不同
#这里的名字与file.conf中vgroup_mapping.seata_eureka_bank1_group = "seata-server"相同
seata.tx-service-group=seata_eureka_bank1_group
#这里的名字与file.conf中vgroup_mapping.seata_eureka_bank1_group = "seata-server"相同
seata.service.vgroup-mapping.seata_eureka_bank1_group=seata-server
#这里的名字与file.conf中default.grouplist = "127.0.0.1:8091"相同
seata.service.grouplist.default=127.0.0.1:8091
# 开启数据源自动代理
seata.enable-auto-data-source-proxy=true
# 配置中心为本地file文件
seata.config.type=file
# 配置中心为本地file文件的文件名称
seata.config.file.name=file.conf
seata.registry.type=eureka
seata.registry.eureka.application=seata-server
seata.registry.eureka.serviceUrl=http://eureka-server1.com:9090/eureka/,http://eureka-server2.com:9091/eureka/
seata.registry.eureka.weight=1
mybatis.type-aliases-package=com.yibo.eureka.seata.entity
mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:mapper/*.xml
mapper.identity=MYSQL
mapper.not-empty=false
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/trade_bank1?useUnicode=true&useAffectedRows=true&useJDBCCompliantTimezoneShift=true&useLegacyDatetimeCode=false&serverTimezone=UTC
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=yibo
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
# 设置连接超时时间 default 2000
ribbon.ConnectTimeout=6000
# 设置读取超时时间 default 5000
ribbon.ReadTimeout=6000
# 对所有操作请求都进行重试 default false
ribbon.OkToRetryOnAllOperations=true
# 切换实例的重试次数 default 1
ribbon.MaxAutoRetriesNextServer=2
# 对当前实例的重试次数 default 0
ribbon.MaxAutoRetries=1
3.4、启动类配置
@MapperScan("com.yibo.eureka.seata.mapper")//扫描mybatis的指定包下的接口
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient //服务发现，对外暴露服务
@EnableEurekaClient //本服务启动后会自动注册进Eureka服务中
@EnableFeignClients
public class EurekaSeataBank1Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(EurekaSeataBank1Application.class,args);
}
}
四、业务逻辑实现
4.1、Controller实现
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/bank1")
public class Bank1Controller {
@Autowired
private AccountService accountService;
@GetMapping("/transfer/{amount}")
public String transfer(@PathVariable("amount") Long amount){
accountService.updateAccountBalance("1",amount);
return "bank1"+amount;
}
}
4.2、Service实现，@GlobalTransactional注解用以开启全局事务，@Transactional注解用于分支事务
@Service
@Slf4j
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {
@Autowired
private AccountInfoMapper accountInfoMapper;
@Autowired
private Bank2Client bank2Client;
@Transactional
@GlobalTransactional//开启全局事务
public void updateAccountBalance(String accountNo, Long amount) {
log.info("bank1 service begin,XID：{}", RootContext.getXID());
//扣减张三的金额
accountInfoMapper.updateAccountBalance(accountNo,amount *-1);
//调用李四微服务，转账
String transfer = bank2Client.transfer(amount);
if("fallback".equals(transfer)){
//调用李四微服务异常
throw new RuntimeException("调用李四微服务异常");
}
if(amount == 2){
//人为制造异常
throw new RuntimeException("bank1 make exception..");
}
}
}
4.3、Bank2Client接口的FeignClient
@FeignClient(value="eureka-seata-bank2")
public interface Bank2Client {
//远程调用微服务
@GetMapping("/bank2/transfer/{amount}")
public String transfer(@PathVariable("amount") Long amount);
}
其他微服务按此配置即可。
