什么是忽略文件?
当我们在使用 git 和 HG 管理项目文件的时候,会生成很多的文件,但是这些临时文件并不需要我们提交到我们的服务器去,因此就会使用到忽略文件。
忽略文件的作用?
当我们用的不好的时候,就会在提交的时候,有很多凌乱的信息,导致我们提交错误或者冲突。最极端的情况就是把一些需要频繁改动的文件提交到服务器,会造成经常冲突,因此我们需要一份标准的忽略文件。
通用的忽略文件
以下提供两种忽略文件的模板,满足大部分需求。
1. git 的忽略文件模板:
请在项目的根目录下创建或者修改这个文件: .gitignore 即可。git相关管理工具会 自动识别该文件,帮我们自动忽略掉不需要的文件。如果我们有其他文件也不用提交的画,可以参考下面的样式添加进去即可:
*~
.DS_Store
# Android Studio
*.iml
.idea
.gradle
build
# Created by .ignore support plugin (hsz.mobi)
syntax: glob
### Android template
# Built application files
*.apk
*.ap_
# Files for the ART/Dalvik VM
*.dex
# Java class files
*.class
# Generated files
bin/
gen/
out/
# Gradle files
.gradle/
build/
# Local configuration file (sdk path, etc)
local.properties
# Proguard folder generated by Eclipse
proguard/
# Log Files
*.log
# Android Studio Navigation editor temp files
.navigation/
# Android Studio captures folder
captures/
# Intellij
*.iml
.idea/workspace.xml
# Keystore files
*.jks
### Eclipse template
.metadata
tmp/
*.tmp
*.bak
*.swp
*~.nib
.settings/
.loadpath
.recommenders
# Eclipse Core
.project
# External tool builders
.externalToolBuilders/
# Locally stored "Eclipse launch configurations"
*.launch
# PyDev specific (Python IDE for Eclipse)
*.pydevproject
# CDT-specific (C/C++ Development Tooling)
.cproject
# JDT-specific (Eclipse Java Development Tools)
.classpath
# Java annotation processor (APT)
.factorypath
# PDT-specific (PHP Development Tools)
.buildpath
# sbteclipse plugin
.target
# Tern plugin
.tern-project
# TeXlipse plugin
.texlipse
# STS (Spring Tool Suite)
.springBeans
# Code Recommenders
.recommenders/
# Mobile Tools for Java (J2ME)
.mtj.tmp/
# Package Files #
*.jar
*.war
*.ear
# virtual machine crash logs, see http://www.java.com/en/download/help/error_hotspot.xml
hs_err_pid*
### Example user template template
### Example user template
# IntelliJ project files
.idea
out
gen
2. HG/Mercurial 的忽略文件模板:
HG (Mercurial) 的标准忽略文件。这是早期比较好的项目管理工具,但是随着git 的用户群体庞大,git越来越灵活,简单易用,因此 HG也就慢慢退出了我们的视线。最有名的 github 里面也大量使用到git。但是作为一种管理工具,在不同的环境场景下,也可能需要使用HG,尤其是公司的备份管理等,都十分的安全。使用方式很简单,在主项目的根目录下 创建或者修改: .hgignore 文件即可。 这个文件也可以直接放到mode 里面去。 这里提供忽略文件如下:
# Created by .ignore support plugin (hsz.mobi)
syntax: glob
### Android template
# Built application files
*.apk
*.ap_
# Files for the ART/Dalvik VM
*.dex
# Java class files
*.class
# Generated files
bin/
gen/
out/
# Gradle files
.gradle/
build/
# Local configuration file (sdk path, etc)
local.properties
# Proguard folder generated by Eclipse
proguard/
# Log Files
*.log
# Android Studio Navigation editor temp files
.navigation/
# Android Studio captures folder
captures/
# Keystore files
*.jks
### Eclipse template
.metadata
tmp/
*.tmp
*.bak
*.swp
*~.nib
.settings/
.loadpath
.recommenders
# Eclipse Core
.project
# External tool builders
.externalToolBuilders/
# Locally stored "Eclipse launch configurations"
*.launch
# PyDev specific (Python IDE for Eclipse)
*.pydevproject
# CDT-specific (C/C++ Development Tooling)
.cproject
# JDT-specific (Eclipse Java Development Tools)
.classpath
# Java annotation processor (APT)
.factorypath
# PDT-specific (PHP Development Tools)
.buildpath
# sbteclipse plugin
.target
# Tern plugin
.tern-project
# TeXlipse plugin
.texlipse
# STS (Spring Tool Suite)
.springBeans
# Code Recommenders
.recommenders/
# Mobile Tools for Java (J2ME)
.mtj.tmp/
# Package Files #
*.jar
*.war
*.ear
# virtual machine crash logs, see http://www.java.com/en/download/help/error_hotspot.xml
hs_err_pid*
### Example user template template
### Example user template
# IntelliJ project files
.idea
*.iml
out
gen