一、 Android 自定义软键盘开发流程
- 建立软键盘样式
即在项目res文件夹中创建所需要的各种软键盘的样式(比如说:字母、数字、符号 等)。 - 创建layout布局文件(非必须)
在布局文件中给软键盘创建container,以便显示软键盘 - 自定义KeyboardView
自定义一个KeyboardView 并继承自KeyboardView,在自定义的KeyboardView中绘制特殊按键,包括按键的点击背景,图片,文字 等。 - 自定义一个普通java类,一般取名为 **Keyboard.java
把软键盘加载到container中,即在布局文件里预留的存放软键盘 的container。
在类的内部实现软键盘的输入控制,键盘转换控制,软键盘的显示与隐藏控制 等。
在需要用到软键盘的Activity中实例化该Keyboard 类,并传入必要的数据和信息。
二、建立软键盘样式
建立软键盘样式可以直接通过xml进行排版,在res/xml中创建一个根节点为Keyboard的xml就可以开始排版了
这个xml中属性如下:
Keyboard.Key 属性 | 介绍 |
---|---|
android:codes | 此键输出的unicode值或逗号分隔值。 |
android:horizontalGap | 键之间的默认水平间隙。 |
android:iconPreview | 弹出预览中显示的图标。 |
android:isModifier | 这是否是修改键,如Alt或Shift。 |
android:isRepeatable | 是否长按此键会使其重复。 |
android:isSticky | 这是否是切换键。 |
android:keyEdgeFlags | 关键边缘标志。 |
android:keyHeight | 键的默认高度,以像素为单位或显示宽度的百分比。 |
android:keyIcon | 要在键上显示的图标而不是标签。 |
android:keyLabel | 要在键上显示的标签。 |
android:keyOutputText | 按下此键时要输出的字符串。 |
android:keyWidth | 键的默认宽度,以像素为单位或显示宽度的百分比。 |
android:popupCharacters | 要在弹出键盘中显示的字符。 |
android:popupKeyboard | 任何弹出键盘的XML键盘布局。 |
实例代码:
数字键盘
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Keyboard xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:horizontalGap="2.5%p"
android:keyHeight="6%p"
android:keyWidth="30%p"
android:verticalGap="10px">
<Row>
<Key android:codes="49" android:keyLabel="1" />
<Key android:codes="50" android:keyLabel="2" />
<Key android:codes="51" android:keyLabel="3" />
</Row>
<Row>
<Key android:codes="52" android:keyLabel="4" />
<Key android:codes="53" android:keyLabel="5" />
<Key android:codes="54" android:keyLabel="6" />
</Row>
<Row>
<Key android:codes="55" android:keyLabel="7" />
<Key android:codes="56" android:keyLabel="8" />
<Key android:codes="57" android:keyLabel="9" />
</Row>
<Row>
<Key android:codes="-2" android:keyLabel="ABC" />
<Key android:codes="48" android:keyLabel="0" />
<Key android:codes="-35" android:isRepeatable="true" />
</Row>
</Keyboard>
英文键盘:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Keyboard xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:horizontalGap="1%p"
android:keyHeight="6%p"
android:keyWidth="10%p"
android:verticalGap="10px">
<Row>
<Key android:codes="113" android:keyEdgeFlags="left" android:keyLabel="q" android:keyWidth="8.9%p" />
<Key android:codes="119" android:keyLabel="w" android:keyWidth="8.9%p" />
<Key android:codes="101" android:keyLabel="e" android:keyWidth="8.9%p" />
<Key android:codes="114" android:keyLabel="r" android:keyWidth="8.9%p" />
<Key android:codes="116" android:keyLabel="t" android:keyWidth="8.9%p" />
<Key android:codes="121" android:keyLabel="y" android:keyWidth="8.9%p" />
<Key android:codes="117" android:keyLabel="u" android:keyWidth="8.9%p" />
<Key android:codes="105" android:keyLabel="i" android:keyWidth="8.9%p" />
<Key android:codes="111" android:keyLabel="o" android:keyWidth="8.9%p" />
<Key android:codes="112" android:keyEdgeFlags="right" android:keyLabel="p" android:keyWidth="8.9%p" />
</Row>
<Row>
<Key android:codes="97" android:horizontalGap="5.5%p" android:keyEdgeFlags="left" android:keyLabel="a" android:keyWidth="9%p" />
<Key android:codes="115" android:keyLabel="s" android:keyWidth="9%p" />
<Key android:codes="100" android:keyLabel="d" android:keyWidth="9%p" />
<Key android:codes="102" android:keyLabel="f" android:keyWidth="9%p" />
<Key android:codes="103" android:keyLabel="g" android:keyWidth="9%p" />
<Key android:codes="104" android:keyLabel="h" android:keyWidth="9%p" />
<Key android:codes="106" android:keyLabel="j" android:keyWidth="9%p" />
<Key android:codes="107" android:keyLabel="k" android:keyWidth="9%p" />
<Key android:codes="108" android:keyEdgeFlags="right" android:keyLabel="l" android:keyWidth="9%p" />
</Row>
<Row>
<Key android:codes="-1" android:isModifier="true" android:isSticky="true" android:keyEdgeFlags="left" android:keyWidth="13%p" />
<Key android:codes="122" android:horizontalGap="1.5%p" android:keyLabel="z" android:keyWidth="9%p" />
<Key android:codes="120" android:keyLabel="x" android:keyWidth="9%p" />
<Key android:codes="99" android:keyLabel="c" android:keyWidth="9%p" />
<Key android:codes="118" android:keyLabel="v" android:keyWidth="9%p" />
<Key android:codes="98" android:keyLabel="b" android:keyWidth="9%p" />
<Key android:codes="110" android:keyLabel="n" android:keyWidth="9%p" />
<Key android:codes="109" android:keyLabel="m" android:keyWidth="9%p" />
<Key android:codes="-5" android:horizontalGap="1.5%p" android:isRepeatable="true" android:keyWidth="13%p" />
</Row>
<Row android:rowEdgeFlags="bottom">
<Key android:codes="-2" android:keyLabel="123" android:keyWidth="19%p" />
<Key android:codes="32" android:isRepeatable="false" android:keyLabel="space" android:keyWidth="58%p" />
<Key android:codes="100860" android:keyEdgeFlags="right" android:keyLabel="#+=" android:keyWidth="19%p" />
</Row>
</Keyboard>
三、自定义KeyboardView
如果你对KeyboardView的按键有特定的一些样式的话,那你就要自定义KeyboardView了。
自定义KeyboardView最重要的就是重写onDraw方法,同时注意一定要写绘制背景再绘制文本。List<Keyboard.Key> keys = getKeyboard().getKeys();
这个是获取所有按键信息Keyboard.Key
,其中Key.codes
是获取xml中设定的code,可以根据这个判定需要绘制的样式不同。
import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.graphics.Rect;
import android.graphics.Typeface;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
import android.inputmethodservice.Keyboard;
import android.inputmethodservice.KeyboardView;
import android.support.annotation.DrawableRes;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.util.List;
public class CustomKeyboardView extends KeyboardView {
private Context context;
private Paint paint;
private Rect bounds;
public CustomKeyboardView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
paint = new Paint();
paint.setTextAlign(Paint.Align.CENTER);
paint.setAntiAlias(true);
paint.setColor(Color.BLACK);
bounds = new Rect();
this.context = context;
}
public CustomKeyboardView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
paint = new Paint();
paint.setTextAlign(Paint.Align.CENTER);
paint.setAntiAlias(true);
paint.setColor(Color.BLACK);
bounds = new Rect();
this.context = context;
}
/**
* 重写这个方法是为了可以绘制一些特殊按键
* @param canvas
*/
@Override
public void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
List<Keyboard.Key> keys = getKeyboard().getKeys();
for (Keyboard.Key key : keys) {
if(key.codes[0] != -5 && key.codes[0] != -4){
//绘制普通信息文本的背景
drawBackground(R.drawable.keyboard_bg,canvas,key);
//绘制普通信息的文本信息
drawText(canvas,key);
}else{
//绘制特殊按键
drawSpecialKey(canvas,key);
}
}
}
private void drawSpecialKey(Canvas canvas, Keyboard.Key key) {
if(key.codes[0] == -5){
drawBackground(R.drawable.keyboard_bg,canvas,key);
//绘制设置了icon的按钮
key.icon.setBounds(key.x + (key.width - key.icon.getIntrinsicWidth()) / 2,
key.y + (key.height - key.icon.getIntrinsicHeight()) / 2,
key.x + (key.width - key.icon.getIntrinsicWidth()) / 2 + key.icon.getIntrinsicWidth(),
key.y + (key.height - key.icon.getIntrinsicHeight()) / 2 + key.icon.getIntrinsicHeight());
key.icon.draw(canvas);
}else if(key.codes[0] == -4){
drawBackground(R.drawable.white,canvas,key);
}
}
private void drawBackground(@DrawableRes int drawableId, Canvas canvas, Keyboard.Key key) {
Drawable drawable = context.getResources().getDrawable(drawableId);
int[] state = key.getCurrentDrawableState();
if (key.codes[0] != 0) {
drawable.setState(state);
}
drawable.setBounds(key.x, key.y, key.x + key.width, key.y + key.height);
drawable.draw(canvas);
}
//绘制文本
private void drawText(Canvas canvas, Keyboard.Key key) {
if(key.label != null){
String label = key.label.toString();
Field field;
int keyTextSize;
try {
//获取KeyboardView设置的默认文本字体大小
field = KeyboardView.class.getDeclaredField("mLabelTextSize");
field.setAccessible(true);
keyTextSize = (int) field.get(this);
paint.setTextSize(keyTextSize);
paint.setTypeface(Typeface.DEFAULT);
paint.getTextBounds(label,0,label.length(),bounds);
canvas.drawText(label,key.x + (key.width / 2), (key.y + key.height / 2) + bounds.height() / 2, paint);
} catch (NoSuchFieldException | IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
四、自定义一个KeyBoard的帮助类
这个类里面主要的作用是使用我们自定义的KeyboardView代替系统自带的KeyboardView进行展示,这里的话主要是需要在EditText获取焦点时候讲弹出软键盘设定成自定义的。
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.content.Context;
import android.inputmethodservice.Keyboard;
import android.inputmethodservice.KeyboardView;
import android.os.Build;
import android.text.Editable;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.inputmethod.InputMethodManager;
import android.widget.EditText;
public class KeyboardUtil {
private Context mContext;
private KeyboardView mKeyboardView;
private EditText mEditText;
@SuppressLint("ClickableViewAccessibility")
public KeyboardUtil(Context context, KeyboardView keyboardView, EditText editText) {
this.mContext = context;
this.mKeyboardView = keyboardView;
this.mEditText = editText;
initKeyboard();
mEditText.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {
@Override
public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP) {
hideSystemKeyboard((EditText) v);
mKeyboardView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
}
return false;
}
});
mEditText.setOnFocusChangeListener(new View.OnFocusChangeListener() {
@Override
public void onFocusChange(View v, boolean hasFocus) {
if (v instanceof EditText) {
if (!hasFocus) {
mKeyboardView.setVisibility(View.GONE);
} else {
hideSystemKeyboard((EditText) v);
mKeyboardView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
}
}
}
});
}
private void hideSystemKeyboard(EditText v) {
this.mEditText = v;
InputMethodManager imm = (InputMethodManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE);
if(imm == null){
return;
}
boolean isOpen = imm.isActive();
if (isOpen) {
imm.hideSoftInputFromWindow(v.getWindowToken(),0);
}
if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP){
v.setShowSoftInputOnFocus(false);
}else{
v.setInputType(0);
}
}
private void initKeyboard() {
Keyboard keyboard = new Keyboard(mContext,R.xml.number_keyboard);
mKeyboardView.setKeyboard(keyboard);
mKeyboardView.setEnabled(true);
mKeyboardView.setOnKeyboardActionListener(listener);
}
private KeyboardView.OnKeyboardActionListener listener = new KeyboardView.OnKeyboardActionListener() {
@Override
public void onPress(int primaryCode) {
if(primaryCode == -4 || primaryCode == -5){
mKeyboardView.setPreviewEnabled(false);
}else{
mKeyboardView.setPreviewEnabled(true);
}
}
@Override
public void onRelease(int primaryCode) {
}
@Override
public void onKey(int primaryCode, int[] keyCodes) {
Editable editable = mEditText.getText();
int start = mEditText.getSelectionStart();
int end = mEditText.getSelectionEnd();
if(primaryCode == Keyboard.KEYCODE_DONE){
mKeyboardView.setVisibility(View.GONE);
}else if(primaryCode == Keyboard.KEYCODE_DELETE){
if(editable != null && editable.length() > 0){
if(start == end){
editable.delete(start -1, start);
}else{
editable.delete(start,end);
}
}
}else{
editable.replace(start,end,Character.toString((char) primaryCode));
}
}
@Override
public void onText(CharSequence text) {
}
@Override
public void swipeLeft() {
}
@Override
public void swipeRight() {
}
@Override
public void swipeDown() {
}
@Override
public void swipeUp() {
}
};
}
以上就是自定义软件盘所有相关的操作,这个是比较简单的,如果要负责的话,就需要多研究下,如果有啥没写好的,见谅一下,第一次写。