WPF/C#学习笔记.2

Xml格式文件读取与通过XmlDataProvider以及资源模板“动态”绑定到TreeView

What is XML？

XML一种树结构。
XML 文档必须包含且只能有一个根元素(RootNode)。该元素是所有其他元素的父元素。
XML 文档中的元素形成了一棵文档树。这棵树从根部开始，并扩展到树的最底端。所有元素均可拥有属性(Attribute)与子元素(ChildNode)：

<root>
  <child attribute.Name="attribute.Value">
    <subchild> a string</subchild>
    <anotherSubChild attribute.Name="attribute.Value"/> 
  </child>
</root>

Tips of XML

• 必须有标签的开始与关闭对 比如（<root>，</root>）和（<anotherSubchild /> ），而且“<”和“</”的右侧不能留空格(至少C#读取时会报错)。
• Attribute的值用双引号围起来 比如aName="aValue"。

XML文件实例：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<AircraftData>
  <F-14>
    <Name>Tomcat</Name>
    <Description>a supersonic, twin-engine, two-seat, variable-sweep wing fighter aircraft</Description>
    <Manufacturer>Grumman Aerospace Corporation</Manufacturer>
    <Cost>38million</Cost>
    <GeneralCharacteristics>
      <Crew>2(Pilot and Radar Intercept Officer)</Crew>
      <Length>62 ft 9 in (19.1 m)</Length>
      <Wingspan_Spread>64 ft (19.55 m)</Wingspan_Spread>
      <Wingspan_Swept>38 ft (11.58 m)</Wingspan_Swept>
      <Airfoil> NACA 64A209.65 mod root, 64A208.91 mod tip</Airfoil>
      <EmptyWeight> 43,735 lb (19,838 kg)</EmptyWeight>
      <LoadedWeight>61,000 lb (27,700 kg)</LoadedWeight>
      <MaxTakeoffWeight> 74,350 lb (33,720 kg)</MaxTakeoffWeight>
      <Powerplant>2*General Electric F110-GE-400 afterburning turbofans</Powerplant>
      <DryThrust>16,610 lbf (73.9 kN) each</DryThrust>
      <ThrustWithAfterburner>30,200 lbf (134 kN) each</ThrustWithAfterburner>
      <MaximumFuelCapacity> 16,200 lb internal; 20,000 lb with 2x 267 gallon external tanks</MaximumFuelCapacity>
    </GeneralCharacteristics>
    <Performance>
      <MaximumSpeed> Mach 2.34 (1,544 mph, 2,485 km/h) at high altitude</MaximumSpeed>
      <CombatRadius> 500 nmi (575 mi, 926 km)</CombatRadius>
      <FerryRange> 1,600 nmi (1,840 mi, 2,960 km)</FerryRange>
      <ServiceCeiling> 50,000=""+ ft (15,200 m)</ServiceCeiling>
      <RateOfClimb> LT45,000 ft/min (229 m/s)</RateOfClimb>
      <WingLoading> 96 lb/ft2[164] (468.7 kg/m^2)</WingLoading>
      <ThrustWeightRatio> 0.88</ThrustWeightRatio>
    </Performance> 
  </F-14>
</AircraftData>

Get more reference here

将XML通过XmlDataProvider,以及设置DataTemplate实现绑定到TreeView

MainWindow.xaml

<Window x:Class="xml2treeView.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:xml2treeView"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
    <Window.Resources>

        <!-- 数据模板 -->
        <HierarchicalDataTemplate x:Key="NodeTemplate">
            <TextBlock x:Name="tb"/>
            <HierarchicalDataTemplate.ItemsSource>
                <Binding XPath="child::node()"/>
            </HierarchicalDataTemplate.ItemsSource>
            <HierarchicalDataTemplate.Triggers>
                <!-- 在TreeViewItem中显示Node.Content的实现方法 -->
                <DataTrigger Binding="{Binding Path=NodeType}" Value="Text">
                    <Setter TargetName="tb" Property="Text" Value="{Binding Path=Value}"/>
                </DataTrigger>
                <!-- 在TreeViewItem中显示Node.Name的实现方法 -->
                <DataTrigger Binding="{Binding Path=NodeType}" Value="Element">
                    <Setter TargetName="tb" Property="Text" Value="{Binding Path=Name}"/>
                </DataTrigger>
            </HierarchicalDataTemplate.Triggers>
        </HierarchicalDataTemplate>

        <!-- 设置资源绑定的对象和默认显示 -->
        <XmlDataProvider x:Key="xmlDataProvider" XPath="*">
            <x:XData>
                <RootNode xmlns="">
                    <ChildNode>
                        <SubChildNode>this is the 1st node</SubChildNode>
                        <SubChildNode>this is the 2rd node</SubChildNode>
                    </ChildNode>
                </RootNode>
            </x:XData>
        </XmlDataProvider>

        <!-- treeView绑定的动态目标 -->
        <Style x:Key="treeView_AllExpanded" TargetType="{x:Type TreeView}">
            <Style.Resources>
                <Style TargetType="TreeViewItem">
                    <Setter Property="IsExpanded" Value="True"/>
                </Style>
            </Style.Resources>
        </Style>
        <Style x:Key="treeView_AllCollapsed" TargetType="{x:Type TreeView}">
            <Style.Resources>
                <Style TargetType="TreeViewItem">
                    <Setter Property="IsExpanded" Value="False"/>
                </Style>
            </Style.Resources>
        </Style>
    </Window.Resources>

    <Grid>
        <Grid.RowDefinitions>
            <RowDefinition Height="auto"/>
            <RowDefinition Height="*"/>
        </Grid.RowDefinitions>
        <StackPanel Grid.Row="0" Orientation="Horizontal">
            <Button x:Name="cmdLoadXml" 
                    Content="loadXml"
                    Margin="3"
                    Padding="3"
                    Click="cmdLoadXml_Click"
                    ToolTip="Clik here to pick an XML-Document to be loaded"
                    />
            <Button x:Name="cmdExpandAll"
                    Content="Expand"
                    Margin="3"
                    Padding="3"
                    ToolTip="Click here to expand all TreeViewNodes"
                    Click="cmdExpandAll_Click"/>
            <Button x:Name="cmdCollapseAll"
                    Content="Collapse"
                    Margin="3"
                    Padding="3"
                    ToolTip="Click here to collapse all TreeViewNodes"
                    Click="cmdCollapseAll_Click"/>
        </StackPanel>
        <TreeView Grid.Row="1" x:Name="treeXml"
                      ItemTemplate="{StaticResource NodeTemplate}"
                      ItemsSource="{Binding Source={StaticResource xmlDataProvider}}"
                      Margin="3,0,3,3"/>
    </Grid>
</Window>

MainWindows.xaml.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using System.Data;
using System.Xml;

namespace xml2treeView
{
    /// <summary>
    /// MainWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑
    /// </summary>
    public partial class MainWindow : Window
    {
        public MainWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        
        private void cmdExpandAll_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            this.treeXml.Style = (Style)this.FindResource("treeView_AllExpanded");
        }

        private void cmdCollapseAll_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            this.treeXml.Style = (Style)this.FindResource("treeView_AllCollapsed");
        }

        private void cmdLoadXml_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            try {
                Microsoft.Win32.OpenFileDialog openFD = new Microsoft.Win32.OpenFileDialog();
                openFD.Filter = "XML Documents (*.xml)|*.xml|All Files (*.*)|*.*";
                Nullable<bool> isUserPickFile = openFD.ShowDialog(this);

                if(isUserPickFile == true) {
                    XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
                    xmlDoc.Load(openFD.FileName);
                    XmlDataProvider xmlDP = (XmlDataProvider)this.FindResource("xmlDataProvider");
                    xmlDP.Document = xmlDoc;
                    xmlDP.XPath = "*";
                }
            }
            catch(Exception ex) {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
            }
        }

    } 
}

Try it

初始效果

loadXmlDocument