前言:不废话上实操。
步骤一:安装Homebrow
Homebrew
简称brew
,是Mac OSX上的软件包管理工具,能在Mac中方便的安装软件或者卸载软件,可以说Homebrew
就是mac下的apt-get
、yum
神器。
查看本地是否安装过
$ brew
安装brew
$ /usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"
卸载brew
$ /usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/uninstall)"
安装不成功自己查一下资料吧,这里不过多演示。
步骤二:安装nginx服务器
插看是否安装过nginx
$ brew search nginx
安装nginx
$ brew tap denji/homebrew-nginx
$ brew install nginx-full --with-rtmp-module
注意⚠️: --with-rtmp-module
,一定要加上rtmp模块
,不然添加rtmp服务时就会报错误:unknown directive "rtmp" in /usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:135
。
解决上述问题,只能卸载掉nginx-full
,然后重装nginx-full
$ brew uninstall nginx-full // 卸载nginx-full
$ brew install nginx-full --with-rtmp-module // 安装nginx-full
步骤三:修改nginx配置文件
打开文件/usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
$ open /usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
使用Xcode/文件编辑器打开nginx.conf
修改配置文件:
1.找到http下的server添加HLS配置
http {
server {
#HLS配置开始,这个配置为了‘客户端‘能够以http协议获取HLS的拉流
#HLS配置开始,这个配置为了‘客户端‘能够以http协议获取HLS的拉流
location /hls{
# Serve HLS fragments
types {
application/vnd.apple.mpegurl m3u8;
video/mp2t ts;
}
root /usr/local/var/www;
add_header Cache-Control no-cache;
}
#HLS配置结束
}
}
2.文件拖拽到最后,在没有{}的地方
添加rtmp配置
# 在http节点后面加上rtmp配置:
rtmp {
server {
listen 1935;
ping 30s;
notify_method get;
application zbcs {
live on;
record off;
}
application live {
live on;
record off;
max_connections 1024;
}
#增加对HLS支持开始
application hls {
live on;
hls on;
hls_path /usr/local/var/www/hls;
hls_fragment 5s;
}
#增加对HLS支持结束
}
}
修改后的整体内容如下:
#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
server {
listen 8080;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
#HLS配置开始,这个配置为了‘客户端‘能够以http协议获取HLS的拉流
location /hls{
# Serve HLS fragments
types {
application/vnd.apple.mpegurl m3u8;
video/mp2t ts;
}
root /usr/local/var/www;
add_header Cache-Control no-cache;
}
#HLS配置结束
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
include servers/*;
}
# 在http节点后面加上rtmp配置:
rtmp {
server {
listen 1935;
ping 30s;
notify_method get;
application zbcs {
live on;
record off;
}
application live {
live on;
record off;
max_connections 1024;
}
#增加对HLS支持开始
application hls {
live on;
hls on;
hls_path /usr/local/var/www/hls;
hls_fragment 5s;
}
#增加对HLS支持结束
}
}
说明:
live on
开启实时
hls on
开启hls
hls_path
ts文件存放路径
hls_fragment 5s
每个TS文件包含5秒的视频内容
让配置文件生效:
方法一:(亲测有坑,有时候不生效)
$ nginx -s reload // 亲测有坑
方法二:
查看启动的nginx
$ ps -ef|grep nginx
找到master process
的进程端口号是549
停掉这个master process
进程
$ kill -QUIT 549
让配置文件生效
$ nginx -t -c /usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
然后就可以启动服务了。
$ nginx
在浏览器里打开http://localhost:8080
如果看到如下页面,说明配置成功了!
想要停止服务,命令:(stop是强制退出,quit是执行完任务后退出)
$ nginx -s quit
// 或者
$ nginx -s stop
第四步:ffmpeg
安装ffmpeg
$ brew install ffmpeg
查看安装成功了没
$ ffmpeg
安装失败自己找办法。
RTMP的方式推拉流
测试推流
$ ffmpeg -re -i /Users/xxx/Desktop/sample_iPod.mp4 -vcodec h264 -acodec aac -strict -2 -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/live/room
测试拉流
开启推流后,用VLC播放器播放下面直播地址视频:
$ rtmp://localhost:1935/live/room
注意⚠️: 要在推流完成之前play!!!因为这是直播流,推完就没啦!!!
这样一个简单的本地直播服务就搭建好了!
对于视频直播服务,如果需要支持多路流输入
的话,很简单,在Nginx配置文件里多配几个Application就可以了,像下面这样:
HLS的方式推拉流
测试推流
$ ffmpeg -re -i /Users/xxx/Desktop/sample_iPod.mp4 -vcodec h264 -acodec aac -strict -2 -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/hls/demo
此时在/usr/local/var/www/hls
目录下会产生流媒体文件
测试推流
打开Safari浏览器输入
http://ip:8080/hls/demo.m3u8
HLS直播延时
我们知道hls协议是将直播流分成一段一段的小段视频去下载播放的,所以假设列表里面的包含5个ts文件,每个TS文件包含5秒的视频内容,那么整体的延迟就是25秒。因为当你看到这些视频时,主播已经将视频录制好上传上去了,所以时这样产生的延迟。当然可以缩短列表的长度和单个ts文件的大小来降低延迟,极致来说可以缩减列表长度为1,并且ts的时长为1s,但是这样会造成请求次数增加,增大服务器压力,当网速慢时回造成更多的缓冲,所以苹果官方推荐的ts时长时10s,所以这样就会大改有30s的延迟。参考资料:
https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/NetworkingInternet/Conceptual/StreamingMediaGuide/FrequentlyAskedQuestions/FrequentlyAskedQuestions.html