The living was easy
Day11
1.interstellar gas 星际气体
It condensed, around 4.6 billion years ago, from the same cloud of dust and interstellar gas that gave birth to the sun and the rest of the solar system.
😶 solar system太阳系
2.They are less sure how and when life got going.
他们不确定生命是怎样出现的，又是何时开始的。
3.photosynthesising bacteria光合细菌
Last year a group of researchers found evidence for stromatolites—small, layered mounds produced by photosynthesising bacteria—in rocks from Greenland that are 3.7 billion years old.
😶stromatolites /strə(ʊ)'mætəlaɪt/层叠石
😶layered mounds分层土堆
😶Greenland格林兰
4.Now, though,the date of life’s debut may be pushed back even further.
😶debut/'deɪbjuː/初次露面 （一般指演员）
😶debut album首张专辑
5.signature of living organism生物体的迹象
A group of researchers led by Dominic Papineau from University College London have found what they think is the signature of living organisms in rocks from Quebec that date back to between 3.8 and 4.3 billion years ago.
6.Intriguingly （单独放句首）有趣的是
Intriguingly, the sort of life that Dr Papineau and his colleagues think they have found is very different from the sort that built the stromatolites.
7. 3-kilometer-long swathe /sweɪð/ 三公里土地
The rock in question is a 3-kilometrelong swathe on the eastern shores of the Hudson Bay called the Nuvvuagittuq Greenstone Belt.
😶Hudson Bay 哈得逊湾（位于加拿大中东部）
8.pillow-shaped basalt 枕状玄武岩
It is mostly composed of pillow-shaped basalt, a type of rock formed when lava cools rapidly in seawater.
9.outcrops of..（岩石的）露头
When Dr Papineau visited the formation in 2008 he found unusual reddish-coloured outcrops of jasper, a type of quartz formed from compressed volcanic ash, that contained odd-looking veins and nodules.
😶formation（岩）层
😶reddish-coloured淡红色的
😶jasper碧石
😶vein 岩脉
😶nodule 【地质学】结核
10.make sb sit up引起某人的注意,使某人大吃一惊
That made him sit up: similar rosette-shaped features have been found in younger.
😶rosette-shaped 玫瑰状的/rə(ʊ)'zet/
😶eg.His achievement make people sit up and take notice.
他的成就令许多人刮目相看。
11.aerobic micro-organisms好氧微生物
They are thought to have been formed when micro-organisms decayed and were fossilised.
😶fossilise变成化石
😶anaerobic micro-organisms厌氧微生物
12.Conclusive evidence 确凿证据
But that evidence was not quite conclusive.
13.geological process地质作用
Similar-looking structures can also be formed by non-living, geological processes.
14.intrugue sb 使某人着迷，引起好奇..
Within the veins and nodules of the jasper that intrigued his boss, Mr Dodd found hollow tubes between 2 and 14 microns in diameter and up to 0.5mm long made of haematite, a mineralised form of iron oxide.
😶microns 微米
😶haematite /'hi:mətait/赤铁矿
😶mineralized矿化的
😶iron oxide 氧化铁
15.anchored to..固定在
Some of these filaments form networks anchored to a lump of haematite; others are corkscrew-shaped.
😶filaments 细丝，丝状物
😶corkscrew-shaped螺旋形的
16.hydrothermal vent 深海热液喷口
The team contends that these bear more than a passing resemblance to the networks of bacteria that live in hydrothermal vents—towering, crenellated structures that form in the deep ocean above the boundaries between tectonic plates, where superheated mineral-laden water spurts up from beneath the seabed.
😶contend that..声称
😶bear more than a passing resemblance to非常相似
😶networks of bacteria细菌群落
😶crenelated /ˈkrenəleɪtɪd/锯齿形的
😶tectonic plates 地壳板块
😶superheated mineral-laden water过热富含矿物质的水
😶spurts up from beneath the seabed 从海床下喷出
17.cradle of life 生命的摇篮
Hydrothermal vents are seen as a plausible candidate for the cradle of life.
18.go about bio-chemical business进行生化活动
Microscopic pores in the rock might have served as natural cell walls, and the chemistry of the water could provide exactly the sort of energy gradient that a primitive living cell would have needed to go about its biochemical business.
😶Microscopic pores极小的气孔
😶cell wall 细胞壁
😶chemistry of the water 水的化学成分
😶energy gradient 能量梯度
19.fierce scrutiny严格审查
The find—which will face fierce scrutiny from other palaeobiologists—has other implications ,too .
😶implications含义
20.derive A from B 从B处得来A
They derive their energy from photosynthesis.
他们通过光合作用获得能量
21.well up from the crust从地壳涌出
So the food chains of such ecosystems are based on reactions between the dissolved chemicals that well up from the crust.
dissolved chemicals 可溶性化学物质
22.one-off chopsticks 一次性筷子
=disposable chopsticks
Day12
Ⅰ神句练习
1.The team contends that these bear more than a passing resemblance to the networks of bacteria that live in hydrothermal vents--towering, crenellated structures that form in the deep ocean above the boundaries between tectonic plates, where superheated mineral-laden water spurts up from beneath the seabed.
团队声称，这种结构和在深海热液中发现的细菌网络之间的相似并非偶然——因从地壳层喷出的来自海床下过热又富含矿物质的水，使得这种高耸、锯齿状的结构有可能出现在深海的地壳边界。
【该团队认为, 这些和生活在深海热泉的细菌群落极为相似----深海热泉指的是: 深海中构造板块交界边缘上方高耸锯齿型的部分,富含矿物质的热液从海底喷涌而出。】
😶bear more than a passing resemblance to非常相似，远超及格线
passing 过关，及格线
😶翻译：【就近原则】1.破折号后是修饰hydrothermal vents 的插入语2.故where修饰的也是hydrothermal vents
2.Such a find is doubly intriguing because hydrothermal vents are seen as a plausible candidate for the cradle of life.
因为深海热液喷口是生命起源的假设地之一，所以这项发现无疑吸引了很多人的关注。
【人们认为深海热泉很有可能是生命的摇篮，这就使得该发现显得更有意思。】
😶doubly intriguing 更加有趣
※plausible ①（解释或说法）似乎真实的
②（人）貌似可信的，花言巧语的
eg. He was so plausible that he conned everybody.
他那么会花言巧语，以至于骗过了所有的人。
😶翻译问题：自己给出的翻译【...是假设地之一】感觉像是“英式中文”，可参照改成“深海热泉很可能是生命起源地”
3.Although the sorts of bacteria apparently found by Dr. Papineau and his colleagues are too complicated to reveal much about the very earliest organisms, the suggestion that hydrothermal vents have played host to life for so long is a strike in the theory’s favor.
尽管，帕品纽博士和他的同事发现的这种细菌，显然因其结构过于复杂而不能透露出许多原始生物体的信息，但是深海热液喷口可能在生命的发展的漫长时间里扮演了重要角色也着实令理论的支持者震惊。
【尽管P教授和同事们发现的这类细菌太过复杂，无法更深入的揭示早期生命体的情况，但依然表明深海热泉养育生命的历史甚为悠久，这是支撑该理论的有力依据。】
😶strike noun [ C ] (DISCOVERY)
the discovery underground of a valuable substance:
The population and settlement of Colorado expanded after the gold strike of 1858.
😶play host to life孕育生命😶翻译①too complicated to reveal much about...译作“太过复杂而无法深入揭示”比译作“太过复杂而无法揭示太多”感觉要好很多。②理解apparently修饰的部分出现了错误
Ⅱ Mind map
Day13
Summary
1.文章内容总结：其实做到这篇文章，才发现mind map 的真正“妙用”。忽略生词不说，文章其实大家都大概看的懂，但要说出个所以然还真是很困难。于是当为画思维导图，细细浏览文章，总结每段的中心句时，才慢慢明白原来作者是想要表明（个人理解的）的是到底是进行光合的细菌先出现呢？还是深海热泉细菌先出现呢？到底哪个是生命的起源。尽管，在我做的每段总结中，仍然是有些杂乱，但当真正开始画思维导图，思考作者的写作逻辑，又再去看原文时，才慢慢捋清楚。其实还是挺有成就感的~~
2.翻译总结：这次的翻译做的其实并不是很成功。原因①语法还不过关。所以遇上长难句翻译时，感觉会很失败。②还是存在比较啰嗦的问题。就像明明两三个字就能说清楚的事情却用了十个字来描述，还让人感觉甚为别扭。解决方法①暑假要细细的学语法，加固基本功！②Practice more, read more, compare more.
3.词汇总结：大多数词汇都是地质相关，从来没见过的，应熟悉并作为被动词汇积累。而一些个人比较喜欢的，或觉得可以在平常发挥用处的，划分为积极词汇标出。
