前段时间要做一个excel表格的上传下载功能，上网找了各种资料及源码，最后借鉴别人的代码及思路完成了符合自己需求的代码，总结一下excel的上传下载实质是通过第三方的类库比如poi，jxl等对excel单元格的设置与读写，通过类库的api，你可以发现各种各样的操作excel的方法，基本上只要你能在office的excel上进行的基本操作通过代码都能实现。
上传文件：
首先新建一个工具类，我命名为ImportExcelUtil，代码如下：
public class ImportExcelUtil {
private final static String excel2003L =".xls"; //2003- 版本的excel
private final static String excel2007U =".xlsx"; //2007+ 版本的excel
/**
* 描述：获取IO流中的数据，组装成List<List<Object>>对象
* @param in,fileName
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public List<List<Object>> getBankListByExcel(InputStream in,String fileName) throws Exception{
List<List<Object>> list = null;
//创建Excel工作薄
Workbook work = this.getWorkbook(in,fileName);
if(null == work){
throw new Exception("创建Excel工作薄为空！");
}
Sheet sheet = null;
Row row = null;
Cell cell = null;
list = new ArrayList<List<Object>>();
//遍历Excel中所有的sheet
int s=work.getNumberOfSheets();
for (int i = 0; i < work.getNumberOfSheets(); i++) {
sheet = work.getSheetAt(i);
if(sheet==null){continue;}
int s2=sheet.getLastRowNum();
//遍历当前sheet中的所有行
for (int j = sheet.getFirstRowNum(); j <= sheet.getLastRowNum(); j++) {
row = sheet.getRow(j);
if(row==null||row.getFirstCellNum()==j){continue;}
//遍历所有的列
List<Object> li = new ArrayList<Object>();
for (int y = row.getFirstCellNum(); y < row.getLastCellNum(); y++) {
cell = row.getCell(y);
li.add(this.getCellValue(cell));
}
list.add(li);
}
}
work.close();
return list;
}
/**
* 描述：根据文件后缀，自适应上传文件的版本
* @param inStr,fileName
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public Workbook getWorkbook(InputStream inStr,String fileName) throws Exception{
Workbook wb = null;
String fileType = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf("."));
if(excel2003L.equals(fileType)){
wb = new HSSFWorkbook(inStr); //2003-
}else if(excel2007U.equals(fileType)){
wb = new XSSFWorkbook(inStr); //2007+
}else{
throw new Exception("解析的文件格式有误！");
}
return wb;
}
/**
* 描述：对表格中数值进行格式化
* @param cell
* @return
*/
public Object getCellValue(Cell cell){
Object value = null;
DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("0"); //格式化number String字符
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyy-MM-dd"); //日期格式化
DecimalFormat df2 = new DecimalFormat("0.00"); //格式化数字
switch (cell.getCellType()) {
case Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:
value = cell.getRichStringCellValue().getString();
break;
case Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:
if("General".equals(cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormatString())){
value = df.format(cell.getNumericCellValue());
}else if("m/d/yy".equals(cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormatString())){
value = sdf.format(cell.getDateCellValue());
}else{
value = df2.format(cell.getNumericCellValue());
}
break;
case Cell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
value = cell.getBooleanCellValue();
break;
case Cell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK:
value = "";
break;
default:
break;
}
return value;
}
}
这个工具类是支持2003和2007的，excel2003和2007所用到的包是不一样的，所以如何你的工程师maven构建的话需要在pom.xml上引入下面两个包：
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
<version>3.14</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi-ooxml -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
<version>3.14</version>
</dependency>
工具类写好以后，接下来就可以在具体业务逻辑实现方法里调用了，我这边有个上传的controller
public class UploadExcelControl {
@Autowired
DetailInfoVoService detailInfoVoService;
/**
* 描述：通过传统方式form表单提交方式导入excel文件
* @param request
* @throws Exception
*/
@RequestMapping(value="upload.do",method={RequestMethod.GET,RequestMethod.POST})
public String uploadExcel(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
MultipartHttpServletRequest multipartRequest = (MultipartHttpServletRequest) request;
System.out.println("通过传统方式form表单提交方式导入excel文件！");
InputStream in =null;
List<List<Object>> listob = null;
MultipartFile file = multipartRequest.getFile("upfile");
if(file.isEmpty()){
throw new Exception("文件不存在！");
}
in = file.getInputStream();
listob = new ImportExcelUtil().getBankListByExcel(in,file.getOriginalFilename());
in.close();
//因为要导入的excel比较特殊，不是常规的一行类别，其他行都是数据，所以我需要根据具体模板来读取excel
for (int i = 0; i < listob.size(); i+=11) {
DetailInfoVo vo = new DetailInfoVo();
vo.setSiteId(String .valueOf(listob.get(i).get(1)));
vo.setSiteName(String.valueOf(listob.get(i).get(3)));
vo.setSitePhone(String.valueOf(listob.get(i).get(5)));
vo.setSiteAddress(String.valueOf(listob.get(i+1).get(1)));
vo.setIsOpened(String.valueOf(listob.get(i+1).get(5)));
vo.setSiteClass(String.valueOf(listob.get(i+2).get(1)).split("，")[0]);
vo.setSiteScale(String.valueOf(listob.get(i+2).get(1)).split("，")[1]);
vo.setSiteDetail(String.valueOf(listob.get(i+3).get(0)));
vo.setIsPartnership(String.valueOf(listob.get(i+4).get(1)));
vo.setReason(String.valueOf(listob.get(i+5).get(0)));
vo.setBossName(String.valueOf(listob.get(i+7).get(1)));
vo.setBossAge(String.valueOf(listob.get(i+7).get(3)));
vo.setBossJiguan(String.valueOf(listob.get(i+7).get(5)));
vo.setBossYear(String.valueOf(listob.get(i+8).get(1)));
vo.setBossPeople(String.valueOf(listob.get(i+8).get(3)));
vo.setOthers(String.valueOf(listob.get(i+9).get(1)));
vo.setEventLog(String.valueOf(listob.get(i+10).get(0)));
int resultCode=detailInfoVoService.insert(vo);
if(resultCode!=0){
System.out.println("=======");
}
}
return "result";
}
}
前台使用的是form表单提交的方式，首先在jsp页面定义一个form，action指向对应的controller
<form class="form-inline clearfix " method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data" id="form1" action="../uploadExcel/upload.do">
<div class="row">
<div class="form-group col-xs-12">
<label class="fl">上传文件: </label>
<input type="file" class="form-control" id="upfile" name="upfile">
</div>
</div>
</form>
上传的内容就介绍完了，相比上传，下载更加容易。
导出excel:
=======
新建一个工具类ExportExcelUtil：
public class ExportExcelUtil {
/**
* 描述：根据文件路径获取项目中的文件
* @param fileDir 文件路径
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public File getExcelDemoFile(String fileDir) throws Exception{
String classDir = null;
String fileBaseDir = null;
File file = null;
classDir = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource("/").getPath();
fileBaseDir = classDir.substring(0, classDir.lastIndexOf("classes"));
file = new File(fileBaseDir+fileDir);
if(!file.exists()){
throw new Exception("模板文件不存在！");
}
return file;
}
public Workbook writeNewExcel(File file,String sheetName,List<DetailInfoVo> lis) throws Exception{
Workbook wb = null;
Row row = null;
Cell cell = null;
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);
wb = new ImportExcelUtil().getWorkbook(fis, file.getName()); //获取工作薄
Sheet sheet = wb.getSheet(sheetName);
//循环插入数据
int lastRow = sheet.getLastRowNum()+1; //插入数据的数据ROW
CellStyle cs = setSimpleCellStyle(wb); //Excel单元格样式
for (int i = 0; i < lis.size(); i++) {
row = sheet.createRow(lastRow+i); //创建新的ROW，用于数据插入
//按项目实际需求，在该处将对象数据插入到Excel中
DetailInfoVo vo = lis.get(i);
if(null==vo){
break;
}
//Cell赋值开始
cell = row.createCell(0);
cell.setCellValue(vo.getSiteId());
cell.setCellStyle(cs);
cell = row.createCell(1);
cell.setCellValue(vo.getSiteName());
cell.setCellStyle(cs);
cell = row.createCell(2);
cell.setCellValue(vo.getSiteAddress());
cell.setCellStyle(cs);
cell = row.createCell(3);
cell.setCellValue(vo.getSiteClass());
cell.setCellStyle(cs);
cell = row.createCell(4);
cell.setCellValue(vo.getSiteScale());
cell.setCellStyle(cs);
cell = row.createCell(5);
cell.setCellValue(vo.getIsPartnership());
cell.setCellStyle(cs);
cell = row.createCell(6);
cell.setCellValue(vo.getSitePhone());
cell.setCellStyle(cs);
cell = row.createCell(7);
cell.setCellValue(vo.getIsOpened());
cell.setCellStyle(cs);
}
return wb;
}
/**
* 描述：设置简单的Cell样式
* @return
*/
public CellStyle setSimpleCellStyle(Workbook wb){
CellStyle cs = wb.createCellStyle();
cs.setBorderBottom(CellStyle.BORDER_THIN); //下边框
cs.setBorderLeft(CellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//左边框
cs.setBorderTop(CellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//上边框
cs.setBorderRight(CellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//右边框
cs.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER); // 居中
return cs;
}
}
具体的实现类如下
public class ExportExcelControl {
@Autowired
DetailInfoVoService detailInfoVoService;
@RequestMapping(value="export.do",method={RequestMethod.GET,RequestMethod.POST})
public String exportExcel(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
OutputStream os = null;
Workbook wb = null; //工作薄
List<DetailInfoVo> list=detailInfoVoService.findList();
try {
List<DetailInfoVo> lo = new ArrayList<DetailInfoVo>();
for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
//根据具体需求向excel即将导出的vo模型填充数据
DetailInfoVo vo = new DetailInfoVo();
vo.setSiteId(list.get(i).getSiteId());
vo.setSiteName(list.get(i).getSiteName());
vo.setSiteAddress(list.get(i).getSiteAddress());
vo.setSiteClass(list.get(i).getSiteClass());
vo.setSiteScale(list.get(i).getSiteScale());
vo.setIsPartnership(list.get(i).getIsPartnership());
vo.setSitePhone(list.get(i).getSitePhone());
vo.setIsOpened(list.get(i).getIsOpened());
lo.add(vo);
}
//导出Excel文件数据
ExportExcelUtil util = new ExportExcelUtil();
File file =util.getExcelDemoFile("/ExcelDemoFile/模板.xlsx");
String sheetName="sheet1";
wb = util.writeNewExcel(file, sheetName,lo);
String fileName="导出信息.xlsx";
response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel");
response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment;filename="+ URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "utf-8"));
os = response.getOutputStream();
wb.write(os);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
finally{
os.flush();
os.close();
wb.close();
}
return null;
}
}
更详细的代码我就不贴了，主要是上传下载这个思路大家要理清，原理搞清楚了啥都会搞了，比如加特技，通过poi提供的api让你的excel更加炫酷。
