概要
Axios 是一个基于 Promise 的 HTTP 库，可以用在浏览器和 node.js 中。
特性
在浏览器中创建 XMLHttpRequests
在 node.js 则创建http请求
支持 Promise API
支持拦截请求和响应
转换请求和响应数据
取消请求
自动转换JSON 数据
客户端支持防御 XSRF
浏览器支持
支持Chrome、火狐、Edge、IE8+等浏览器
安装
使用 npm安装:
<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="javascript" cid="n27" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "DejaVu Sans Mono", monospace; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; font-size: 0.9rem; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background: rgb(51, 51, 51); position: relative !important; padding: 10px 10px 10px 30px; width: inherit; color: rgb(184, 191, 198); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">$ npm install axios -g</pre>
cdn引入
<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n29" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "DejaVu Sans Mono", monospace; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; font-size: 0.9rem; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background: rgb(51, 51, 51); position: relative !important; padding: 10px 10px 10px 30px; width: inherit; color: rgb(184, 191, 198); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><script src="https://unpkg.com/axios/dist/axios.min.js"></script></pre>
执行 GET 请求
<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="javascript" cid="n32" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "DejaVu Sans Mono", monospace; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; font-size: 0.9rem; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background: rgb(51, 51, 51); position: relative !important; padding: 10px 10px 10px 30px; width: inherit; color: rgb(184, 191, 198); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">// 为给定 ID 的 user 创建请求
axios.get('/user?ID=12345')
.then(function (response) {
console.log(response);
})
.catch(function (error) {
console.log(error);
});
// GET 参数可以放到params里（推荐）
axios.get('/user', {
params: {
ID: 12345
}
})
.then(function (response) {
console.log(response);
})
.catch(function (error) {
console.log(error);
});
// 还可以使用ECMAScript 2017里的async/await，添加 async keyword to your outer function/method.
async function getUser() {
try {
const response = await axios.get('/user?ID=12345');
console.log(response);
} catch (error) {
console.error(error);
}
}</pre>
async/await 是 ECMAScript 2017新提供的功能 ，Internet Explorer 和一些旧的浏览器并不支持
执行 POST 请求
<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="javascript" cid="n36" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "DejaVu Sans Mono", monospace; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; font-size: 0.9rem; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background: rgb(51, 51, 51); position: relative !important; padding: 10px 10px 10px 30px; width: inherit; color: rgb(184, 191, 198); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">axios.post('/user', {
firstName: 'Fred',
lastName: 'Flintstone'
})
.then(function (response) {
console.log(response);
})
.catch(function (error) {
console.log(error);
});</pre>
执行多个并发请求
<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="javascript" cid="n38" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "DejaVu Sans Mono", monospace; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; font-size: 0.9rem; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background: rgb(51, 51, 51); position: relative !important; padding: 10px 10px 10px 30px; width: inherit; color: rgb(184, 191, 198); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">function getUserAccount() {
return axios.get('/user/12345');
}
function getUserPermissions() {
return axios.get('/user/12345/permissions');
}
axios.all([getUserAccount(), getUserPermissions()])
.then(axios.spread(function (acct, perms) {
// 两个请求现在都执行完成
}));</pre>
axios API
可以通过向 axios 传递相关配置来创建请求
axios(config)
<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="javascript" cid="n42" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "DejaVu Sans Mono", monospace; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; font-size: 0.9rem; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background: rgb(51, 51, 51); position: relative !important; padding: 10px 10px 10px 30px; width: inherit; color: rgb(184, 191, 198); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">// 发送 POST 请求
axios({
method: 'post',
url: '/user/12345',
data: {
firstName: 'Fred',
lastName: 'Flintstone'
}
});
// GET 请求远程图片
axios({
method:'get',
url:'http://bit.ly/2mTM3nY',
responseType:'stream'
})
.then(function(response) {
response.data.pipe(fs.createWriteStream('ada_lovelace.jpg'))
});</pre>
axios(url[, config])
<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="javascript" cid="n44" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "DejaVu Sans Mono", monospace; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; font-size: 0.9rem; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background: rgb(51, 51, 51); position: relative !important; padding: 10px 10px 10px 30px; width: inherit; color: rgb(184, 191, 198); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">// 发送 GET 请求（默认的方法）
axios('/user/12345');</pre>
请求方法的别名
为方便使用，官方为所有支持的请求方法提供了别名，可以直接使用别名来发起请求：
axios.request(config)
axios.get(url[, config])
axios.delete(url[, config])
axios.head(url[, config])
axios.post(url[, data[, config]])
axios.put(url[, data[, config]])
axios.patch(url[, data[, config]])
说明
在使用别名方法时， url、method、data 这些属性都不必在配置中指定。
并发
处理并发请求的助手函数
axios.all(iterable)
axios.spread(callback)
创建实例
可以使用自定义配置新建一个 axios 实例
axios.create([config])
<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="javascript" cid="n63" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "DejaVu Sans Mono", monospace; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; font-size: 0.9rem; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background: rgb(51, 51, 51); position: relative !important; padding: 10px 10px 10px 30px; width: inherit; color: rgb(184, 191, 198); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">const instance = axios.create({
baseURL: 'https://some-domain.com/api/',
timeout: 1000,
headers: {'X-Custom-Header': 'foobar'}
});</pre>
实例方法
以下是可用的实例方法。指定的配置将与实例的配置合并
axios#request(config)
axios#get(url[, config])
axios#delete(url[, config])
axios#head(url[, config])
axios#post(url[, data[, config]])
axios#put(url[, data[, config]])
axios#patch(url[, data[, config]])
请求配置项
下面是创建请求时可用的配置选项，注意只有 url 是必需的。如果没有指定 method，请求将默认使用 get 方法。
<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences mock-cm md-end-block" lang="javascript" cid="n75" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "DejaVu Sans Mono", monospace; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; font-size: 0.9rem; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap; background: rgb(51, 51, 51); position: relative !important; padding: 10px 10px 10px 30px; width: inherit; color: rgb(184, 191, 198); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">{
// url 是用于请求的服务器 URL
url: "/user",
// method 是创建请求时使用的方法
method: "get", // 默认是 get
// baseURL 将自动加在 url 前面，除非 url 是一个绝对 URL。
// 它可以通过设置一个 baseURL 便于为 axios 实例的方法传递相对 URL
baseURL: "https://some-domain.com/api/",
// transformRequest 允许在向服务器发送前，修改请求数据
// 只能用在 "PUT", "POST" 和 "PATCH" 这几个请求方法
// 后面数组中的函数必须返回一个字符串，或 ArrayBuffer，或 Stream
transformRequest: [function (data) {
// 对 data 进行任意转换处理
return data;
}],
// transformResponse 在传递给 then/catch 前，允许修改响应数据
transformResponse: [function (data) {
// 对 data 进行任意转换处理
return data;
}],
// headers 是即将被发送的自定义请求头
headers: {"X-Requested-With": "XMLHttpRequest"},
// params 是即将与请求一起发送的 URL 参数
// 必须是一个无格式对象(plain object)或 URLSearchParams 对象
params: {
ID: 12345
},
// paramsSerializer 是一个负责 params 序列化的函数
// (e.g. https://www.npmjs.com/package/qs, http://api.jquery.com/jquery.param/)
paramsSerializer: function(params) {
return Qs.stringify(params, {arrayFormat: "brackets"})
},
// data 是作为请求主体被发送的数据
// 只适用于这些请求方法 "PUT", "POST", 和 "PATCH"
// 在没有设置 transformRequest 时，必须是以下类型之一：
// - string, plain object, ArrayBuffer, ArrayBufferView, URLSearchParams
// - 浏览器专属：FormData, File, Blob
// - Node 专属： Stream
data: {
firstName: "Fred"
},
// timeout 指定请求超时的毫秒数(0 表示无超时时间)
// 如果请求话费了超过 timeout 的时间，请求将被中断
timeout: 1000,
// withCredentials 表示跨域请求时是否需要使用凭证
withCredentials: false, // 默认的
// adapter 允许自定义处理请求，以使测试更轻松
// 返回一个 promise 并应用一个有效的响应 (查阅 response docs).
adapter: function (config) {
/* ... */
},
// auth 表示应该使用 HTTP 基础验证，并提供凭据
// 这将设置一个 Authorization 头，覆写掉现有的任意使用 headers 设置的自定义 Authorization头
auth: {
username: "janedoe",
password: "s00pers3cret"
},
// responseType 表示服务器响应的数据类型，可以是 "arraybuffer", "blob", "document", "json", "text", "stream"
responseType: "json", // 默认的
// xsrfCookieName 是用作 xsrf token 的值的cookie的名称
xsrfCookieName: "XSRF-TOKEN", // default
// xsrfHeaderName 是承载 xsrf token 的值的 HTTP 头的名称
xsrfHeaderName: "X-XSRF-TOKEN", // 默认的
// onUploadProgress 允许为上传处理进度事件
onUploadProgress: function (progressEvent) {
// 对原生进度事件的处理
},
// onDownloadProgress 允许为下载处理进度事件
onDownloadProgress: function (progressEvent) {
// 对原生进度事件的处理
},
// maxContentLength 定义允许的响应内容的最大尺寸
maxContentLength: 2000,
// validateStatus 定义对于给定的HTTP 响应状态码是 resolve 或 reject promise 。如果 validateStatus 返回 true (或者设置为 null 或 undefined)，promise 将被 resolve; 否则，promise 将被 rejecte
validateStatus: function (status) {
return status >= 200 && status < 300; // 默认的
},
// maxRedirects 定义在 node.js 中 follow 的最大重定向数目
// 如果设置为0，将不会 follow 任何重定向
maxRedirects: 5, // 默认的
// httpAgent 和 httpsAgent 分别在 node.js 中用于定义在执行 http 和 https 时使用的自定义代理。允许像这样配置选项：
// keepAlive 默认没有启用
httpAgent: new http.Agent({ keepAlive: true }),
httpsAgent: new https.Agent({ keepAlive: true }),
// "proxy" 定义代理服务器的主机名称和端口
// auth 表示 HTTP 基础验证应当用于连接代理，并提供凭据
// 这将会设置一个 Proxy-Authorization 头，覆写掉已有的通过使用 header 设置的自定义 Proxy-Authorization 头。
proxy: {
host: "127.0.0.1",
port: 9000,
auth: : {
username: "mikeymike",
password: "rapunz3l"
}
},
// cancelToken 指定用于取消请求的 cancel token
// （查看后面的 Cancellation 这节了解更多）
cancelToken: new CancelToken(function (cancel) {
})
}</pre>
响应结构
axios请求的响应包含以下信息：
<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences mock-cm md-end-block" lang="javascript" cid="n78" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "DejaVu Sans Mono", monospace; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; font-size: 0.9rem; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap; background: rgb(51, 51, 51); position: relative !important; padding: 10px 10px 10px 30px; width: inherit; color: rgb(184, 191, 198); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">{
// data 由服务器提供的响应
data: {},
// status HTTP 状态码
status: 200,
// statusText 来自服务器响应的 HTTP 状态信息
statusText: "OK",
// headers 服务器响应的头
headers: {},
// config 是为请求提供的配置信息
config: {}
}</pre>
使用 then 时，会接收下面这样的响应：
<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences mock-cm md-end-block" lang="javascript" cid="n80" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "DejaVu Sans Mono", monospace; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; font-size: 0.9rem; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap; background: rgb(51, 51, 51); position: relative !important; padding: 10px 10px 10px 30px; width: inherit; color: rgb(184, 191, 198); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">axios.get("/user/12345")
.then(function(response) {
console.log(response.data);
console.log(response.status);
console.log(response.statusText);
console.log(response.headers);
console.log(response.config);
});</pre>
在使用 catch 时，或传递 rejection callback 作为 then 的第二个参数时，响应可以通过 error 对象可被使用，正如在错误处理这一节所讲。
配置的默认值/defaults
你可以指定将被用在各个请求的配置默认值
全局的 axios 默认值
<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences mock-cm md-end-block" lang="javascript" cid="n85" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "DejaVu Sans Mono", monospace; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; font-size: 0.9rem; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap; background: rgb(51, 51, 51); position: relative !important; padding: 10px 10px 10px 30px; width: inherit; color: rgb(184, 191, 198); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">axios.defaults.baseURL = "https://api.example.com";
axios.defaults.headers.common["Authorization"] = AUTH_TOKEN;
axios.defaults.headers.post["Content-Type"] = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";</pre>
自定义实例默认值
<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences mock-cm md-end-block" lang="javascript" cid="n87" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "DejaVu Sans Mono", monospace; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; font-size: 0.9rem; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap; background: rgb(51, 51, 51); position: relative !important; padding: 10px 10px 10px 30px; width: inherit; color: rgb(184, 191, 198); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">// 创建实例时设置配置的默认值
var instance = axios.create({
baseURL: "https://api.example.com"
});
// 在实例已创建后修改默认值
instance.defaults.headers.common["Authorization"] = AUTH_TOKEN;</pre>
配置的优先级
配置会以一个优先顺序进行合并。
请求的config > 实例的 defaults 属性 > 库默认值：
<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences mock-cm md-end-block" lang="javascript" cid="n91" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "DejaVu Sans Mono", monospace; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; font-size: 0.9rem; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap; background: rgb(51, 51, 51); position: relative !important; padding: 10px 10px 10px 30px; width: inherit; color: rgb(184, 191, 198); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">// 使用由库提供的配置的默认值来创建实例
// 此时超时配置的默认值是 0
var instance = axios.create();
// 覆写库的超时默认值
// 现在，在超时前，所有请求都会等待 2.5 秒
instance.defaults.timeout = 2500;
// 为已知需要花费很长时间的请求覆写超时设置
instance.get("/longRequest", {
timeout: 5000
});</pre>
拦截器
可以自定义拦截器，在在请求或响应被 then 或 catch 处理前拦截它们。
<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences mock-cm md-end-block" lang="javascript" cid="n94" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "DejaVu Sans Mono", monospace; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; font-size: 0.9rem; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap; background: rgb(51, 51, 51); position: relative !important; padding: 10px 10px 10px 30px; width: inherit; color: rgb(184, 191, 198); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">// 添加请求拦截器
axios.interceptors.request.use(function (config) {
// 在发送请求之前做些什么
return config;
}, function (error) {
// 对请求错误做些什么
return Promise.reject(error);
});
// 添加响应拦截器
axios.interceptors.response.use(function (response) {
// 对响应数据做点什么
return response;
}, function (error) {
// 对响应错误做点什么
return Promise.reject(error);
});</pre>
如果你想在稍后移除拦截器，可以这样：
<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences mock-cm md-end-block" lang="javascript" cid="n96" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "DejaVu Sans Mono", monospace; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; font-size: 0.9rem; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap; background: rgb(51, 51, 51); position: relative !important; padding: 10px 10px 10px 30px; width: inherit; color: rgb(184, 191, 198); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">var myInterceptor = axios.interceptors.request.use(function () {/.../});
axios.interceptors.request.eject(myInterceptor);</pre>
可以为自定义 axios 实例添加拦截器
<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences mock-cm md-end-block" lang="javascript" cid="n98" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "DejaVu Sans Mono", monospace; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; font-size: 0.9rem; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap; background: rgb(51, 51, 51); position: relative !important; padding: 10px 10px 10px 30px; width: inherit; color: rgb(184, 191, 198); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">var instance = axios.create();
instance.interceptors.request.use(function () {/.../});</pre>
错误处理
<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences mock-cm md-end-block" lang="javascript" cid="n100" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "DejaVu Sans Mono", monospace; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; font-size: 0.9rem; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap; background: rgb(51, 51, 51); position: relative !important; padding: 10px 10px 10px 30px; width: inherit; color: rgb(184, 191, 198); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">axios.get("/user/12345")
.catch(function (error) {
if (error.response) {
// 请求已发出，但服务器响应的状态码不在 2xx 范围内
console.log(error.response.data);
console.log(error.response.status);
console.log(error.response.headers);
} else {
// Something happened in setting up the request that triggered an Error
console.log("Error", error.message);
}
console.log(error.config);
});</pre>
可以使用 validateStatus 配置选项定义一个自定义 HTTP 状态码的错误范围。
<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences mock-cm md-end-block" lang="javascript" cid="n102" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "DejaVu Sans Mono", monospace; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; font-size: 0.9rem; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap; background: rgb(51, 51, 51); position: relative !important; padding: 10px 10px 10px 30px; width: inherit; color: rgb(184, 191, 198); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">axios.get("/user/12345", {
validateStatus: function (status) {
return status < 500; // 状态码在大于或等于500时才会 reject
}
})</pre>
取消请求
使用 cancel token 取消请求
Axios 的 cancel token API 基于cancelable promises proposal
可以使用 CancelToken.source 工厂方法创建 cancel token，像这样：
<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences mock-cm md-end-block" lang="javascript" cid="n108" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "DejaVu Sans Mono", monospace; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; font-size: 0.9rem; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap; background: rgb(51, 51, 51); position: relative !important; padding: 10px 10px 10px 30px; width: inherit; color: rgb(184, 191, 198); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">const CancelToken = axios.CancelToken;
const source = CancelToken.source();
axios.get('/user/12345', {
cancelToken: source.token
}).catch(function(thrown) {
if (axios.isCancel(thrown)) {
console.log('Request canceled', thrown.message);
} else {
}
});
axios.post('/user/5', {
name: 'new name'
}, {
cancelToken: source.token
})
// cancel the request (the message parameter is optional)
source.cancel('Operation canceled by the user.');</pre>
还可以通过传递一个 executor 函数到 CancelToken 的构造函数来创建 cancel token：
<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences mock-cm md-end-block" lang="javascript" cid="n110" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "DejaVu Sans Mono", monospace; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; font-size: 0.9rem; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap; background: rgb(51, 51, 51); position: relative !important; padding: 10px 10px 10px 30px; width: inherit; color: rgb(184, 191, 198); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">var CancelToken = axios.CancelToken;
var cancel;
axios.get("/user/12345", {
cancelToken: new CancelToken(function executor(c) {
// executor 函数接收一个 cancel 函数作为参数
cancel = c;
})
});
// 取消请求
cancel();</pre>
可以使用同一个 cancel token 取消多个请求
