1. 写出构造函数模式、混合模式、模块模式、工厂模式、单例模式、发布订阅模式的范例

    //单例模式范例
    var  Car = (function(){
        var instance;
        function init() {
            //私有的变量和函数
            var speed = 0;
            return {
                //定义公共的属性和方法
                getSpeed: function(){
                    return speed;
                },
                setSpeed: function( s ){
                   speed = s;
                }
            };
        }
        return {
            getInstance: function() {
                if (!instance) {
                    instance = init();
                }
                return instance;
            }
        };
    }());
    var car = Car.getInstance();
    var car2 = Car.getInstance();
    car === car2; //true

    //构造函数模式
    function People(name){
        this.name=name;
    }
    People.prototype.sayName=function(){
        console.log('my name is '+this.name);
    }
    var people1=new People("zuo");
    people1.sayName();

    //混合模式--继承
    function People(name){
        this.name=name;
    }
    People.prototype.sayName=function(){
        console.log('my name is '+this.name);
    }
    function Male(name,sex){
        People.call(null,name)
        this.sex=sex;
    }
    Male.prototype=Object.create(People.prototype);
    Male.prototype.getSex=function(){
        return this.sex;
    }
    var people2=new Male("zuo","male");
    people2.sayName();
    people2.getSex();

    //模块模式
    var People=(function(){
        var people={
            init:function(name,age){
                this.name=name;
                this.age=age;
            },
            sayName:function(){
                console.log('my name is '+this.name);
            },
            setAge:function(age){
                return this.age=age;
            },
            getAge:function(){
                console.log(this.age);
            }
        };
        return people;
    }());
    People.init('zuo',27);
    People.sayName();
    People.setAge(21);
    People.getAge();

    //工厂模式
    var People=function(name,age){
            return {
                name:name,
                age:age,
                sayName:function(){
                    console.log('my name is '+this.name);
                },
                setAge:function(age){
                    this.age=age;  //改为age=age也不会报错，正常输出
                },
                getAge:function(){
                    console.log(this.age);
                }
            }
        }
        var people3=People('zuo',22);
        people3.sayName();
        people3.getAge();
        people3.setAge(27);
        people3.getAge();

    //发布订阅模式
        var EventCenter=(function(){
            var events={};
            function on(evt,handler){
                events[evt]=events[evt] || [];
                events[evt].push({
                    handler:handler
                })
            }
            function fire(evt,arg){
                if(!events[evt]){
                    return 
                }
                for(var i=0;i<events[evt].length;i++){
                    events[evt][i].handler(arg)
                }
            }
            function off(evt){
              delete events[evt];
            }
            return {
                on:on,
                fire:fire
                off:off
            }
        }())

2. 使用发布订阅模式写一个事件管理器，可以实现如下方式调用

Event.on('change', function(val){
    console.log('change...  now val is ' + val);  
});
Event.fire('change', '饥人谷');
Event.off('changer');

var Event=(function(){
    var events={};
    function on(evt,handler){
        events[evt]=events[evt] || [];
        events[evt].push({
            handler:handler
        })
    }
    function fire(evt,arg){
        if(!events[evt]){
            return 
        }
        for(var i=0;i<events[evt].length;i++){
            events[evt][i].handler(arg)
        }
    }
    function off(evt){
        delete events[evt];
    }
    return {
        on:on,
        fire:fire,
        off:off
    }
}());
Event.on('change', function(val){
    console.log('change...  now val is ' + val);  
});
Event.fire('change', '饥人谷'); //change...  now val is 饥人谷
Event.off('change');