注：本文目的主要是期末为学生总结书中出现的文化背景知识。对于其他读者也可以顺便浏览一些英语文化背景知识。
PLACES
1 Tower Bridge:
a landmark in London. It takes its name from the Tower of London, the historic castle which stands close to the bridge on the north bank of the River Thames. Tower Bridge is a suitable name because the bridge itself has two towers. it has become a symbol of London 伦敦桥
2 Piccadilly Circus
a crossroads and pubic space in London. it is close to major shopping and entertainment areas in London's West End.(皮卡迪利广场）
3 Havana
the capital and also a major port and leading commercial center of Cuba. the city is noted for its history, culture, architecture and monuments. the historic center was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1982. (哈瓦那）
4 Covent Garden
a popular shopping and tourist site in central London. here it simply refers to the Royal Opera House, which is situated in Covent Garden.
MOVIES AND DRAMAS
5 Harry Potter
a series of movies, based on a series of fantasy novels which falls within the genre of fantasy literature and contain elements of mystery ,adventure, thriller and romance.
The novel is about the adventures of Harry Potter, written by British author J. K. Rowling. Harry Porter
6 Mamma Mia!
a stage musical written by British playwright Catherine Johnson, based on the songs of ABBA, a Swedish pop music group active from the 1970s to the 1980s 妈妈咪呀！
It tells the story of Sophie and Donna, a single mother. as the daughter of Donna, Sophie longs to discover who her father is, so she secretly invites three paternal candidates to her upcoming wedding. when Sophie walks down the aisle on the wedding day, she wants her father to hand her off. Now, as there key figures from donna's past return to the beautiful Mediterranean shores, where they all walked 20 years before, the beautiful bride will discover the secret of her past while the lonely mother finds her true love.
7 Arcadia
a 1993 play by Tom Stoppard concerning the relationship between past and present and between order and disorder and the certainty of knowledge. it has been cited by many critics as the playwright's finest play.豆瓣书评
PEOPLE
8 J.K. Rowling
a British novelist, best known as the author of the harry Potter fantasy series. The Harry Potter books have gained worldwide attention, won many awards, and become the best-selling book series in history. these books ahead been made into a popular series of films. Rowling's life has changed greatly: she changed from a person living on social security to a multimillionaire within five years.
9 Tom Stoppard
a British playwright. he is regard as one of the most important contemporary playwrights in the English language.汤姆·斯托帕德
10 Mother Teresa
a catholic nun who won the 1979 Nobel Peace Prize for her devotion to helping others.
11 Nelson Mandela
President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999. he received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993. He passed away in 2013 at the age of 95.
OTHER
12 Long Walk to Freedom
the autobiography of Nelson Mandela. the book is about his early life, coming of age, education, 27 years in prison, and his struggle against racial segregation.
13 Cuban national Ballet
a classical ballet company based at the Great Theater of Havana in Havana, Cuba, founded in 1948, it has become recognized as one of the world's leading ballet companies.
14 breakdancer
one who does breakdancing. Breakdancing is a style of street dace that originated s a part of hip-hop culture among African American and Latino youths in New York City during the early 1970s. (霹雳舞演员）
15 fish and chips
a popular takeaway food in the United kingdom it consists of deep-fried fish and chips. Salt and vinegar is traditionally sprinkled over fish and chips at the time it is served.
