前言
自从macOS升级至Mojave后小问题不断，现在使用Homebrew安装MySQL默认也是8.0版本，和Python类似我们依赖的组件可能还不支持高版本，新版本的某些更新和调整导致比如Sequel Pro和mysqldb不可用。当然我们也可以使用官方的MySQLWorkbench，之前介绍了如何在macOS下安装多版本Python，现在继续分享macOS如何降级MySQL。
macOS Mojave 降级安装 MySQL 5.7
更新历史
2018年12月17日 - 初稿
阅读原文 - https://wsgzao.github.io/post/macos-mysql/
扩展阅读
Install MySQL 5.7 on macOS Mojave - https://medium.com/@at0dd/install-mysql-5-7-on-mac-os-mojave-cd07ec936034
正常安装
默认新版本是MySQL 8.0
brew update
brew install mysql
We've installed your MySQL database without a root password. To secure it run:
mysql_secure_installation
MySQL is configured to only allow connections from localhost by default
To connect run:
mysql -uroot
To have launchd start mysql now and restart at login:
brew services start mysql
Or, if you don't want/need a background service you can just run:
mysql.server start
卸载现有版本
无论是官方dmg还是brew都记得先备份重要数据后再清理
# 正常关闭并删除MySQL
mysql.server stop
brew services stop mysql
brew remove mysql
# 无法正常删除MySQL
ps -ax | grep mysql
stop and kill any MySQL processes
brew remove mysql
brew cleanup
sudo rm /usr/local/mysql
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/var/mysql
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/mysql*
安装MySQL指定版本
# 安装MySQL 5.7
brew install mysql@5.7
brew link --force mysql@5.7
We've installed your MySQL database without a root password. To secure it run:
mysql_secure_installation
MySQL is configured to only allow connections from localhost by default
To connect run:
mysql -uroot
mysql@5.7 is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
because this is an alternate version of another formula.
If you need to have mysql@5.7 first in your PATH run:
echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/mysql@5.7/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc
For compilers to find mysql@5.7 you may need to set:
export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/mysql@5.7/lib"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/mysql@5.7/include"
For pkg-config to find mysql@5.7 you may need to set:
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/opt/mysql@5.7/lib/pkgconfig"
To have launchd start mysql@5.7 now and restart at login:
brew services start mysql@5.7
Or, if you don't want/need a background service you can just run:
/usr/local/opt/mysql@5.7/bin/mysql.server start
# 开机自启动
brew services restart mysql@5.7
# 设置环境变量
echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/mysql@5.7/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc
# 手动启动和关闭
/usr/local/opt/mysql@5.7/bin/mysql.server start
/usr/local/opt/mysql@5.7/bin/mysql.server stop
安装mysqldb
Python中最连接Mysql常用的驱动是:
- mysql-python ：mysql的C语言的驱动
- mysql-connector：msql官方的驱动
- pymysql：python语言的驱动
# 使用MySQLdb ，但是提示importerror no module named mysqldb
brew install mysql-connector-c
pip install mysql-python
# 可能会出现以下错误，按照提示做即可
Error: Cannot install mysql because conflicting formulae are installed.
mysql-connector-c: because both install MySQL client libraries
Please `brew unlink mysql-connector-c` before continuing.
Unlinking removes a formula's symlinks from /usr/local. You can
link the formula again after the install finishes. You can --force this
install, but the build may fail or cause obscure side-effects in the
resulting software.
