第一步现在xml下静态注册广播接收器

 <!-- 监听U盘插拔的广播-->
  <receiver android:name=".service.USBReceiver">
      <intent-filter android:priority="1000">
          <action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED"/>
          <action android:name="android.intent.action.MEDIA_MOUNTED"/>
          <action android:name="android.intent.action.MEDIA_UNMOUNTED" />
          <action android:name="android.intent.action.MEDIA_REMOVED"/>
          <data android:scheme="file"></data>
      </intent-filter>
  </receiver>

第二步使用下边的接收器获取

 public class USBReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
      private static final String TAG = USBReceiver.class.getSimpleName();
      private static final String MOUNTS_FILE = "/proc/mounts";
      private StorageManager mStorageManager;
  
      @Override
      public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
          mStorageManager = (StorageManager) context.getSystemService(Activity.STORAGE_SERVICE);
          String action = intent.getAction();
          if (action.equals(Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
              String mountPath = intent.getData().getPath();
              Uri data = intent.getData();
              Log.d(TAG, "mountPath = " + mountPath);
              if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(mountPath)) {
                  //读取到U盘路径再做其他业务逻辑
                  SPUtils.getInstance().put("UsbPath", mountPath);
                  boolean mounted = isMounted(mountPath);
                  Log.d(TAG, "onReceive: " + "U盘挂载" + mounted);
                  getUName();
              }
          } else if (action.equals(Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_UNMOUNTED) || action.equals(Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_EJECT)) {
              Log.d(TAG, "onReceive: " + "U盘移除了");
          } else if (action.equals("android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED")) {
              //如果是开机完成，则需要调用另外的方法获取U盘的路径
          }
      }
  
  
      /**
       * 判断是否有U盘插入,当U盘开机之前插入使用该方法.
       * @param path
       * @return
       */
      public static boolean isMounted(String path) {
          boolean blnRet = false;
          String strLine = null;
          BufferedReader reader = null;
          try {
              reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(MOUNTS_FILE));
  
              while ((strLine = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                  if (strLine.contains(path)) {
                      blnRet = true;
                      break;
                  }
              }
          } catch (Exception e) {
              e.printStackTrace();
          } finally {
              if (reader != null) {
                  try {
                      reader.close();
                  } catch (IOException e) {
                      e.printStackTrace();
                  }
                  reader = null;
              }
          }
          return blnRet;
      }
  
  
      /**
       * 获取U盘的路径和名称
       */
      private void getUName() {
          Class<?> volumeInfoClazz = null;
          Method getDescriptionComparator = null;
          Method getBestVolumeDescription = null;
          Method getVolumes = null;
          Method isMountedReadable = null;
          Method getType = null;
          Method getPath = null;
          List<?> volumes = null;
          try {
              volumeInfoClazz = Class.forName("android.os.storage.VolumeInfo");
              getDescriptionComparator = volumeInfoClazz.getMethod("getDescriptionComparator");
              getBestVolumeDescription = StorageManager.class.getMethod("getBestVolumeDescription", volumeInfoClazz);
              getVolumes = StorageManager.class.getMethod("getVolumes");
              isMountedReadable = volumeInfoClazz.getMethod("isMountedReadable");
              getType = volumeInfoClazz.getMethod("getType");
              getPath = volumeInfoClazz.getMethod("getPath");
              volumes = (List<?>) getVolumes.invoke(mStorageManager);
  
              for (Object vol : volumes) {
                  if (vol != null && (boolean) isMountedReadable.invoke(vol) && (int) getType.invoke(vol) == 0) {
                      File path2 = (File) getPath.invoke(vol);
                      String p1 = (String) getBestVolumeDescription.invoke(mStorageManager, vol);
                      String p2 = path2.getPath();
                      Log.d(TAG, "-----------path1-----------------" + p1);               //打印U盘卷标名称
                      Log.d(TAG, "-----------path2 @@@@@-----------------" + p2);         //打印U盘路径
                  }
              }
          } catch (Exception ex) {
              ex.printStackTrace();
          }
      }
  }