1.背景
- 项目中后端要把枚举类型传给前端,但是前端要用枚举的code和desc,且这两个字段要跟主类平行结构。我这么说大家可能不太理解,下面上代码
实体类
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class User {
private long id;
private TaskStatus taskStatus;
}
枚举类
@Getter
@AllArgsConstructor
public enum TaskStatus implements IEnum<String> {
/**
* 任务状态
*/
UNPUBLISHED("unpublished", "待发布"),
PUBLISHED("published", "发布"),
PROCESSING("processing", "进行中"),
AHEAD_COMPLETED("ahead_completed", "提前完成"),
COMPLETED("completed", "已完成"),
OVERDUE("overdue", "已超期"),
;
/**
* 成员变量
*/
private final String code;
private final String desc;
public static TaskStatus getByCode(String code) {
for (TaskStatus status : TaskStatus.values()) {
if (status.code.equals(code)) {
return status;
}
}
return null;
}
public static TaskStatus getByDesc(String desc) {
for (TaskStatus status : TaskStatus.values()) {
if (status.desc.equals(desc)) {
return status;
}
}
return null;
}
}
枚举接口类
public interface IEnum<T> {
T getCode();
T getDesc();
}
- 起初用的fastjson,但是fastjson不支持细粒度控制,所以换jackson,jackson可以更细粒度的控制bean的序列化。
- 我的思路是通过IEnum接口来识别需要自定义序列化的枚举变量,然后调用自定义序列化方法进行序列化数据。
照着网上的例子编写了如下自定义序列化实现
public class EnumsCodec extends JsonSerializer {
@Override
public void serialize(Object o, JsonGenerator jsonGenerator, SerializerProvider serializerProvider) throws IOException {
String className = o.getClass().getSimpleName();
char[] cs = className.toCharArray();
cs[0] = toLowerCase(cs[0]);
className = String.valueOf(cs);
jsonGenerator.writeStringField(className, o.toString());
jsonGenerator.writeStringField(className + "Desc", ((IEnum<String>) o).getDesc());
}
public char toUpperCase(char chars) {
if (97 <= chars && chars <= 122) {
chars -= 32;
}
return chars;
}
public char toLowerCase(char chars) {
if (65 <= chars && chars <= 90) {
chars += 32;
}
return chars;
}
}
JsonUtil类如下
@Slf4j
public class JsonUtil {
private static final ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
static {
mapper.findAndRegisterModules();
SimpleModule simpleModule = new SimpleModule();
//注册一个统一的枚举序列方法,实现IEnum接口的枚举序列化时取desc字段
simpleModule.addSerializer(IEnum.class, new EnumsCodec());
mapper.registerModule(simpleModule);
}
private JsonUtil() {
}
/**
* json serialization.
*
* @param obj 要进行序列化的对象
* @return 返回序列化之后的字符串
*/
public static String dumps(Object obj) {
try {
String result = mapper.writeValueAsString(obj);
return result;
} catch (JsonProcessingException ex) {
log.error("failed serialize object to json string: {}", ex);
}
return null;
}
/**
* json deserialization.
*
* @param jsonStr 序列化字符串
* @param cls 指定反序列化之后的类信息
* @return 返回反序列化之后的实例对象
*/
public static <T> T loads(String jsonStr, Class<T> cls) {
T object = null;
try {
object = mapper.readValue(jsonStr, cls);
} catch (IOException ex) {
log.error("failed deserialize string: {} to Class {}'s instance, error: {}", jsonStr,
cls.getName(), ex);
}
return object;
}
/**
* json deserialization.
*
* @param jsonStr 序列化字符串
* @param valueTypeRef 指定反序列化之后的类信息
* @return 返回反序列化之后的实例对象
*/
public static <T> T loads(String jsonStr, TypeReference valueTypeRef) {
T object = null;
try {
object = mapper.readValue(jsonStr, valueTypeRef);
} catch (IOException ex) {
log.error("failed deserialize string: {} to Class {}'s instance, error: {}", jsonStr,
valueTypeRef.getClass().getName(), ex);
}
return object;
}
public static <T> T loads(InputStream inputStream, Class<T> cls) {
T obj = null;
try {
obj = mapper.readValue(inputStream, cls);
} catch (JsonParseException e) {
log.error("JsonUtil:jjson转换异常!", e);
} catch (JsonMappingException e) {
log.error("JsonUtil:json映射异常", e);
} catch (IOException e) {
log.error("JsonUtil:json转换异常", e);
}
return obj;
}
public static JsonNode jsonNode(String jsonStr) {
try {
return mapper.readTree(jsonStr);
} catch (IOException ex) {
log.error("failed deserialize string: {} to JsonNode, error: {}", jsonStr, ex);
}
return null;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
User user = new User();
user.setId(1);
user.setTaskStatus(TaskStatus.COMPLETED);
String str = mapper.writeValueAsString(user);
System.out.println(str);
String str1 = "{\"id\":1,\"taskStatus\":\"COMPLETED\"}";
User user1 = mapper.readValue(str1, User.class);
System.out.println(user1.getTaskStatus());
}
}
运行后报错如下:
Exception in thread "main" com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonGenerationException: Can not write a field name, expecting a value
at com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonGenerator._reportError(JsonGenerator.java:1676)
at com.fasterxml.jackson.core.json.WriterBasedJsonGenerator.writeFieldName(WriterBasedJsonGenerator.java:109)
at com.fasterxml.jackson.core.json.JsonGeneratorImpl.writeStringField(JsonGeneratorImpl.java:202)
at com.***.jsoncodec.EnumsCodec.serialize(EnumsCodec.java:25)
at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.BeanPropertyWriter.serializeAsField(BeanPropertyWriter.java:672)
at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.std.BeanSerializerBase.serializeFields(BeanSerializerBase.java:678)
at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.BeanSerializer.serialize(BeanSerializer.java:157)
at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.DefaultSerializerProvider.serializeValue(DefaultSerializerProvider.java:130)
at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper._configAndWriteValue(ObjectMapper.java:3631)
at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper.writeValueAsString(ObjectMapper.java:2998)
at com.***.util.JsonUtil.main(JsonUtil.java:119)
百思不得解,经过各种实验,发现在2.3版本可以,2.7版本不行,但是我们项目强依赖2.7版本,这怎么办呢。。。。。。
google了一遍,照着网上的方法把修改如下
@Override
public void serialize(Object o, JsonGenerator jsonGenerator, SerializerProvider serializerProvider) throws IOException {
String className = o.getClass().getSimpleName();
char[] cs = className.toCharArray();
cs[0] = toLowerCase(cs[0]);
className = String.valueOf(cs);
jsonGenerator.writeStartObject();
jsonGenerator.writeStringField(className, o.toString());
jsonGenerator.writeStringField(className + "Desc", ((IEnum<String>) o).getDesc());
jsonGenerator.writeEndObject();
}
运行结果如下
{"id":1,"taskStatus":{"taskStatus":"COMPLETED","taskStatusDesc":"已完成"}}
这个结果不是我想要的呀。
无比愁畅。。。。。。
折腾了一天,还是没找办法,我已经放弃。找前端说搞不出来。
这个时候,群里的一位大神的一句话提醒了我,他说Can not write a field name, expecting a value这个报错可能是新版本做了完整性检查了,于是跟了一下源码,发现2.7版本在序列化时候,key是固定好的,不能直接写入field。那我是不是先给他写一个值,然后再写入一个field的就可以了呢?于是动手试了一下,改造如下
@Override
public void serialize(Object o, JsonGenerator jsonGenerator, SerializerProvider serializerProvider) throws IOException {
String className = o.getClass().getSimpleName();
char[] cs = className.toCharArray();
cs[0] = toLowerCase(cs[0]);
className = String.valueOf(cs);
jsonGenerator.writeString(o.toString());
jsonGenerator.writeStringField(className + "Desc", ((IEnum<String>) o).getDesc());
}
运行结果如下
{"id":1,"taskStatus":"COMPLETED","taskStatusDesc":"已完成"}
完美,问题到此解决了。
所以说,有时候你跟真相只差一步之遥,就缺大神指点。