1月晨读,继续积累地道好用的口语表达,梳理语音规则、技巧和易错之处,模仿原声练习语调和节奏。真正能够把一句(段)话练到极致,内化语调,脱口而出。体会发声位置,放松、放松、放松!继续练习和积累,主动去用英语。
朗读时时刻提醒自己要带入情境去演绎,不要太顾虑“技术”。我现在朗读英语常常像是刚学五笔打字的人,一篇文章打下来,脑子里出现的全是如何拆字,却不知文章所云。记得小时候练琴,老师跟我说:解决技术问题只是第一步,没有了技术障碍以后,还要把曲子演绎得有味道,让人听了解渴才行。有的人琴技上挑不出任何毛病,演奏的曲子就是不好听,那样的人只能称之为工匠而不是音乐家。
语音规则
1. 除了t在两个元音之间,t在r后面也会变成 Flap t,例如 sort of
2. 辅音不要用力
3. CD, DVD, PDF, ABC, VOA, BBC 等字母缩写的重音在最后一个字母上
4. 注意k和g在单词中不发音的例子:know, knee, knot, gnaw, gnarled
5. I am going to = I'm gonna = Imna
6. What are/do/have you = Whatcha
例如:What are you going to do? = Whatcha gonna do?
7. ain't 是 am not,are not,is not,has not 和 have not 的缩写,非正式
8. 不要重读句首单词,例如:What's your name? What's today's date? How do you spell weather? Can you help me? Do you speak English? Which one did you choose?
9. 同化现象(原则:为下一个音最好准备)
(1) have to, has to, as can be shown, love to 等,受后面清辅音t的影响,前面的浊辅音清音化
(2) that plate, that bike, that man 等,/t/在p, b, m前同化为/p/
(3) good place, good-bye, good man 等,/d/在p, b, m前同化为/b/
(4) that car, that girl 等,/t/在k, g前同化为/k/
(5) good coffee, good guy 等,/d/在k, g前同化为/g/
(6) ten pens, ten birds, ten miles; don't push, don't buy, don't mind 等,/n/在p, b, m前同化为/m/; /nt/在p, b, m前同化为/mp/
(7) ten cups, ten games; don't care, don't go 等, /n/在k, g前同化为/ŋ/; /nt/在k, g前同化为/ŋk/
(8) second place, second best, second mate 等,/nd/在p, b, m前同化为/mb/
(9) second class, second game 等,/nd/在k, g前同化为/ŋg/
(10) this ship, this year 等,/s/在ʃ, j前同化为/ʃ/; these ships, these years 等,/z/在ʃ, j前同化为/ʒ/
10. 提前准备一个词的发音很重要,如very的v不是上牙齿接触到下嘴唇后才开始振动
11. these are 的连读:/ði:zər/
12. exactly的t可以不发音
13. 设定情景练习朗读
14. orange juice 的连读:连读的本质是不重新启动
15. 区分 year (/jɪr/) 和 ear (/ɪr/) (是否加/j/)
16. 注意 English 的词首不要加 /j/,不是“鹰”
17. of 和 have 可弱读为 /əv/ 或 /ə/
18. 特殊疑问句一般用降调,但(没听清时)也可以用升调表示希望对方重复回答
19. h的发音不要用力(常常弱到可以省略),区分德语的小舌音
20. 连读练习(h可省):Tell him that I love him. Tell her that I love her.
21. th 发/ð/时,常常会弱读为/d/
22. the 的三重读法 /ðə/, /ði/ 和 /ði:/(强调时)
23. 软腭抬起,堵住鼻腔,从口发声;软腭下降,堵塞口腔通道,从鼻发声
24. light L 舌头的两种位置(上齿龈、上齿尖);dark L(词尾的L)省力念可直接将舌头往后缩(不要噘嘴)
25. really 除了读成/ˈriəˌli/,更常见的是/ˈrili/
口语表达
1. 爽约
(1) stand someone up: Why you stood me up yesterday?
(2) didn't show up: You didn't show up, did you?
(3) no-show: There are lots of no-shows.
(4) ditch a date: Don't ditch a date without explanation.
2. landline 接线电话
3. play cards 的相关表达
(1) card = advantage; play your card = use your advantage
例句:If Rachel plays her cards right, she will be a great heiress and you will benefit too.
造句:If you play your cards right, you'll be respected and get a lot of friends.
(2) play the XX card 又使那招了;
造句:You play the sympathy card. I won't buy it./ I won't fall for it. 你又打感情牌,我不吃你这套
(3) put/lay cards on the table 有话直说
4. feel like doing sth. = want to do sth.
造句:Whatcha gonna do today? I feel like doing nothing.
5. debilitate 使衰弱、削弱;debilitating (adj.)
6. sail through 顺利通过
造句:She sailed through the exam.
7. sit in the sun
拓展:bask in the sun 沐浴在阳光下;seasons in the sun
8. be sensible 理智一点
9. wise up 醒醒吧,聪明一点吧
10. Ew!/Yikes! It's gross/disgusting.
11. smell
(1) smell + adj.
smell funny 闻起来怪
smell/look fishy 闻起来腥;觉得不对劲
(2) smell 表示臭
Your feet smell. = Your feet are stink/pungent. = Your feet reek.
12. sizzle 嘶嘶作响(油煎食物);hiss 咝咝作响(动物、蒸汽)
例句:The bacon began to sizzle in the pan. The cat backed away, hissing.
13. 喝醉了(程度由浅到深):tipsy (微醺), buzzed (喝醉了,buzz脑袋嗡嗡响), hammered (像被抡了大锤般的大醉), drunk (烂醉如泥), wasted (断篇儿了)
14. little/no wonder 怪不得
造句:No wonder he knew what I said, he had been read this book.
15. Put yourself in someone's shoes.
16. stay 的用法
stay hydrated 多喝水
stay tuned 广告之后更加精彩
拓展:tune in 收听/收看
17. head on collision/crash (车辆)正面碰撞 <-> rear end 追尾
18. wrong way collision 逆行
19. trash 的灵活用法
(1) Let's trash each other. 互相伤害
(2) We can trash this place. 尽情作
(3) trash talk 放狠话
20. have 后面跟负面词汇时,常常跟动名词而不是不定式
If you have trouble finding space in your garage for your car, ...
I‘m having hard time hearing you.
21. graduate
I'm going to graduate school. 我要去读研了
22. package
the whole/total package, a good catch 优秀的员工、理想的伴侣
23. with a knowledge of technology = technical know-how
24. arrange for an interview 安排面试
25. size 的表达
(1) What size...? 询问尺寸
(2) size up 估计、判断,例如:It only took a few minutes for her to size up the situation.
(3) XX size: medium size
26. pay for sth / pay sth. (直接加特定费用,例如 pay tuition)
27. BOGO = Buy One Get One Free 买一送一
28. I can't fit. 我坐不下
29. take up 占
30. enough 的相关表达
(1) Enough is enough. 适可而止
(2) I've had it enough. 我受够了
31. Stop fighting! Knock it off!
32. We'll never get finished. = We'll never finish. (finish作为形容词的使用)
33. Definitely, surely, for sure, totally, absolutely, no problem...
34. I've traveled all over, and this is one of my very favorite places.
拓展:all over the place 乱七八糟的
造句:Your hair is all over the place.
35. fine-tuning 微调
36. husband的萌表达:hubby
37. 美国人常说 take to the hospital;英国人常说 take to hospital
38. exhaust 的拓展
(1) 形容词 exhausted = tired = wrecked = beat = wiped out = worn out = burnt out
(2) 动词 exhaust 表示详细地讨论,例如 exhaust a topic
39. unharmed = intact = safe and sound 安然无恙
40. I want it/the (/ði:/) job. 强调这是份很特别的工作
41. jacket 也可以表示书的封皮
42. 各种领子的表达:turtleneck = polo neck 高领,crew neck 圆领,v-neck V领
43. 拉链 zipper 的拓展
(1) zip up 拉上
(2) zip it 保密
44. smoothie 奶昔、沙冰;圆滑的人
45. on sale 打折
46. 口语中常常用 though 放在句尾(用逗号隔开)表示转折
(1) That's a good idea, though. (虽然我没有采纳),但这的确是个好主意。
(2) She's a knock-out, though. (虽然她工作能力不行),但她是个大美女。
拓展:knock-out product 拳头产品
47. go-to phrases 掌握的词
48. Been there, done that.
49. She'll be taking calls from listeners. 进行时更常用,更有画面感
注:will 比它的缩写形式 'll 更正式,有的缩写形式只在口语中存在
50. 将来进行时表示委婉,例如 How will you be paying?
51. hardly ever 很少(一般会放慢读,表示强调)
52. last but not least (一个语块)
53. I'm good.(整体状态) / I'm well.(身体健康)
54. sleep late = get up late 睡懒觉(区分 go to bed late / stay up late / sit up late / have a late night 晚得晚)
55. story 的拓展
That's another story. / That's a different story. 那是另一回事儿
56. Roger it. = Got it. (常用于通信)
57. 断裂句(强调句)
What he really wants to do is (to) write. 省略to,强调动作,不能用动名词
58. practical = pragmatic 务实的
59. If I remember/recall correctly. / If my memory serves me right. 如果我没记错的话
60. decent job 体面的工作 / menial job 又无聊挣钱又少的工作
拓展:形容工作感受时常常会用到 interesting, stressful, demanding(吃力的、辛苦的), rewarding(值得的)
61. I gotta run now. I'm late for my train. But I'm really glad I ran into you. (I really had a great time talking with you.)
62. burn to 和 burn into 的用法
He was born to a rich father/mother. 他含着金钥匙出生(born to 后面一般加父母)
He was born into an intellectual/academic family. (born into 后面一般加家庭)