PHP7开启OPcache和Swoole哪个提升更大？性能的提升对比

这次测试咱们采用Laravel框架。laravel作为最热门的php框架之一，广受认可与欢迎。同时由于集成度很高，每次运行都加载了大量文件，加之使用了大量的闭包、魔术方法，导致laravel框架很重，并发性能极差。OPcache和Swoole都是php的扩展，这次旨在比较这两个扩展分别开启后对Laravel应用的加速效果。

前期准备

测试所用的主机为虚拟机，虚拟机配置在双核4GB的个人电脑中。虚拟机系统为linux，http服务器采用nginx，用lnmp脚本安装nginx、mysql、php。Laravel框架为7.X版本。

配置站点，在nginx的server块中配置虚拟主机

server{
listen 80;
root "/vagrant/www/laravel7/public";
server_name test.laravel.com;
index index.html index.php;
location / {
try_files $uri$ uri/ /index.php? $args; } location ~ \.php$ {
fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+.php)(.*) $; fastcgi_param PATH_INFO$ fastcgi_path_info;
fastcgi_param PATH_TRANSLATED $document_root$ fastcgi_path_info;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$ fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}

编辑/etc/hosts文件，在新行添加
127.0.0.1  test.laravel.com

打开项目，新建控制器TestController，在里面新建一个test方法：

<?php
namespace App\Http\Controllers;

class TestController extends Controller
{
    public function test()
    {
        return 123;
    }

}

在routes/api.php中注册一个路由：

Route::get('test', 'TestController@test');

在app/Http/Kernel文件中，关掉频率限制中间件throttle。

不开启opcache和laravel

修改php-fpm.conf文件，修改pm和pm.max_children 配置，pm设置为static，pm.max_children设置为50，以获得较好的并发性能。

[www]
listen = /tmp/php-cgi.sock
listen.backlog = -1
listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1
listen.owner = www
listen.group = www
listen.mode = 0666
user = www
group = www
pm = static
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 10
pm.min_spare_servers = 10
pm.max_spare_servers = 20
request_terminate_timeout = 100
request_slowlog_timeout = 0
slowlog = var/log/slow.log

重启fpm后用ab压测：ab -n 1000 -c 100 http://test.laravel.com/api/test

Server Software:        nginx
Server Hostname:        test.laravel.com
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /api/test
Document Length:        3 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   148.306 seconds
Complete requests:      1000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      253000 bytes
HTML transferred:       3000 bytes
Requests per second:    6.74 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       14830.553 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       148.306 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          1.67 [Kbytes/sec] received

此时的并发大约为为 7 qps

（3）开启OPcache

在配置文件php.ini文件中开启opcache

zend_extension="opcache.so"
opcache.enable=1
opcache.memory_consumption=128
opcache.max_accelerated_files=10000
opcache.revalidate_freq=60
opcache.fast_shutdown=1
opcache.enable_cli=1
opcache.interned_strings_buffer=8

重启fpm后，用ab压测：ab -n 1000 -c 100 http://test.laravel.com/api/test

Server Software:        nginx
Server Hostname:        test.laravel.com
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /api/test
Document Length:        4 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   11.006 seconds
Complete requests:      1000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      254000 bytes
HTML transferred:       4000 bytes
Requests per second:    90.86 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       1100.590 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       11.006 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          22.54 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    1   4.3      0      16
Processing:   409 1069 152.0   1092    1414
Waiting:      408 1069 152.0   1092    1414
Total:        424 1070 149.6   1092    1414

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%   1092
  66%   1126
  75%   1149
  80%   1162
  90%   1203
  95%   1242
  98%   1280
  99%   1309
 100%   1414 (longest request)

此时的达到了 90qps，性能是未开启时的** 10 倍**以上！。

（4）使用swoole加速包

开源的laravel-swoole加速包

在项目目录下运行composer命令安装；在nginx的配置文件中配置，将请求转发到swoole监听的端口。

用 ab 压测： ab -n 1000 -c 100 http://test.laravel.com/api/test

Server Software:        nginx
Server Hostname:        test.laravel.com
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /api/test
Document Length:        4 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   1.158 seconds
Complete requests:      1000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      225000 bytes
HTML transferred:       4000 bytes
Requests per second:    863.46 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       115.813 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       1.158 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          189.72 [Kbytes/sec] received

速度起飞！达到了800qps！

也就是一百多倍？

(4)总结

当然这只是一个比较简单的测试，但是总的来说opcache扩展和swoole扩展对php脚本性能的提升还是很明显的。

image.png

很多PHPer在进阶的时候总会遇到一些问题和瓶颈，业务代码写多了迷茫没方向，不知道该从哪儿入手去提升自己。→→管理整理了一些资料，有腾讯等一线大厂进阶知识体系可供参考（相关学习资料以及笔面试题）