自从Gradle改变了Android的依赖管理方式后，要想集成第三方SDK就变得很容易。
比如我要集成RecyclerView，只需要这么一行代码。
implementation("androidx.recyclerview:recyclerview:1.3.2")
如果是groovy，也只需要这么一行代码。
implementation 'androidx.recyclerview:recyclerview:1.3.2'
如果要集成github上面的第三方SDK，也只需要在settings.kts中再多指定一个依赖管理仓库的地址。
dependencyResolutionManagement {
repositoriesMode.set(RepositoriesMode.FAIL_ON_PROJECT_REPOS)
repositories {
// ...
maven { url 'https://jitpack.io' }
}
}
github上面的android库最快捷的发布方式就是jitpack了。
当项目使用了组件化以后，通常我们会定义一个config.gradle，像是这样。
ext {
// 是否单独运行某个module
isModule = false
signingConfig = [
storePassword: 'xxx',
keyAlias : 'xxx',
keyPassword : 'xxx'
]
android = [
applicationId : "com.sum.tea",
// 使用exoPlayer编译版本需要到33，而33中有bug,xml写代码没有代码提示
compileSdk : 33,
buildToolsVersion: '32.0.0',
minSdk : 21,
targetSdk : 32,
versionCode : 1,
versionName : "1.0.1",
]
dependVersion = [
multidexVersion : '2.0.1',
retrofitVersion : '2.9.0',
retrofitGsonVersion : '2.4.0',
okhttp3LogVersion : '3.11.0',
gsonVersion : '2.10.1',
mmkvVersion : '1.2.15',
refreshVersion : '2.0.5',
glideVersion : '4.15.0',
flexboxVersion : '3.0.0',
aroutreApiVersion : '1.5.2',
arouterCompilerVersion: '1.5.2',
tbssdkVersion : '44132',
exoPlayerVersion : '2.18.5',
permissionsVersion : '0.12',
roomVersion : '2.5.0',
rxjavaVersion : '3.1.6',
rxandroidVersion : '3.0.2',
cameraxVersion : '1.3.0-alpha04',
]
depsLibs = [
coreKtx : 'androidx.core:core-ktx:1.7.0',
appcompat : 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.3.0',
material : 'com.google.android.material:material:1.4.0',
constraintlayout : 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:2.0.4',
liveDataKtx : 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1',
viewModelKtx : 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1',
navigationFragment: 'androidx.navigation:navigation-fragment-ktx:2.3.5',
navigationUI : 'androidx.navigation:navigation-ui-ktx:2.3.5',
lifecycleCommon : 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common:2.5.0-beta01',
// room数据库
roomKtx : "androidx.room:room-ktx:${dependVersion["roomVersion"]}",
roomCompiler : "androidx.room:room-compiler:${dependVersion["roomVersion"]}",
junit : 'junit:junit:4.13.2',
extJunit : 'androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.3',
espressoCore : 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.4.0',
multidex : "androidx.multidex:multidex:${dependVersion["multidexVersion"]}",
// 网络请求
retrofit2 : "com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:${dependVersion["retrofitVersion"]}",
retrofit2Gson : "com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:${dependVersion["retrofitGsonVersion"]}",
// 日志打印
loggingInterceptor: "com.squareup.okhttp3:logging-interceptor:${dependVersion["okhttp3LogVersion"]}",
gson : "com.google.code.gson:gson:${dependVersion["gsonVersion"]}",
// xlog : "com.tencent.mars:mars-xlog:1.2.5",
// 数据存储
mmkv : "com.tencent:mmkv:${dependVersion["mmkvVersion"]}",
// 下拉刷新
refreshLayout : "io.github.scwang90:refresh-layout-kernel:${dependVersion["refreshVersion"]}",
refreshHeader : "io.github.scwang90:refresh-header-classics:${dependVersion["refreshVersion"]}",
refreshFooter : "io.github.scwang90:refresh-footer-classics:${dependVersion["refreshVersion"]}",
// 图片加载
glide : "com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:${dependVersion["glideVersion"]}",
glideCompiler : "com.github.bumptech.glide:compiler:${dependVersion["glideVersion"]}",
// 流式布局
flexbox : "com.google.android.flexbox:flexbox:${dependVersion["flexboxVersion"]}",
//
// 路由
aroutreApi : "com.alibaba:arouter-api:${dependVersion["aroutreApiVersion"]}",
arouterCompiler : "com.alibaba:arouter-compiler:${dependVersion["arouterCompilerVersion"]}",
// 腾讯X5
tbssdk : "com.tencent.tbs:tbssdk:${dependVersion["tbssdkVersion"]}",
// ExoPlayer播放器
exoPlayer : "com.google.android.exoplayer:exoplayer:${dependVersion["exoPlayerVersion"]}",
// 相机
// cameraX : "androidx.camera:camera-camera2:${dependVersion["cameraxVersion"]}",
// 权限处理
rxPermission : "com.github.tbruyelle:rxpermissions:${dependVersion["permissionsVersion"]}",
rxjava : "io.reactivex.rxjava3:rxjava:${dependVersion["rxjavaVersion"]}",
rxandroid : "io.reactivex.rxjava3:rxandroid:${dependVersion["rxandroidVersion"]}",
]
}
今天我们不用config.gradle的这种方式。那么toml就铛铛铛铛，闪亮登场了。
toml是什么
TOML 是一种旨在成为一个小规模、易于使用的语义化的配置文件格式，它被设计为可以无二义性的转换为一个哈希表。 “TOML”这个名字是“Tom's Obvious, Minimal Language”的首字母略写词。“Tom”指它的作者Tom Preston-Werner。
toml官网
我们去它官网瞧一瞧，toml.io/en/。这语法看起来好像蛮简单的。是的，它是一个key-value的配置文件。类似的还有json、ini、properties和yaml配置。
gradle对toml的支持
那么我们要怎么用呢？前面都是废话，从这里开始才是干货。
dependencyResolutionManagement {
// ...
versionCatalogs {
create("commonLibs") { from(files("${rootDir.path}/dep.toml")) }
}
}
然后在项目根目录创建一个名为dep.toml的文件，文件名不一定要跟我一样。
[libraries]
dora = { module = "com.github.dora4:dora", version = "1.1.40"}
dora-apollo = { module = "com.github.dora4:dora-apollo-support", version = "1.3"}
apollo-compiler = { module = "com.github.lsxiao.Apollo:processor", version = "1.0.2"}
dora-glide = { module = "com.github.dora4:dora-glide-support", version = "1.3"}
dora-firebase = { module = "com.github.dora4:dora-firebase-support", version = "1.7"}
dora-pgyer = { module = "com.github.dora4:dora-pgyer-support", version = "1.0"}
dora-arouter = { module = "com.github.dora4:dora-arouter-support", version = "1.6"}
arouter-compiler = { module = "com.alibaba:arouter-compiler", version = "1.5.2"}
dcache = { module = "com.github.dora4:dcache-android", version = "2.0.12"}
dview-titlebar = { module = "com.github.dora4:dview-titlebar", version = "1.27"}
dview-colors = { module = "com.github.dora4:dview-colors", version = "1.0"}
dview-clearedittext = { module = "com.github.dora4:dview-clear-edittext", version = "1.0"}
dview-dialog-bottom = { module = "com.github.dora4:dview-bottom-dialog", version = "1.11"}
dview-dialog-loading = { module = "com.github.dora4:dview-loading-dialog", version = "1.4"}
dview-dialog-alert = { module = "com.github.dora4:dview-alert-dialog", version = "1.3"}
refresh-layout = { module = "io.github.scwang90:refresh-layout-kernel", version = "2.0.6"}
refresh-header = { module = "io.github.scwang90:refresh-header-classics", version = "2.0.6"}
refresh-footer = { module = "io.github.scwang90:refresh-footer-classics", version = "2.0.6"}
ktx-livedata = { module = "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx", version = "2.6.2" }
ktx-viewmodel = { module = "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx", version = "2.6.2" }
好小子，我感觉你在推广自己的库啊，而且我有证据！接下来在模块的dependencies中的写法就简洁了，而且有自动代码提示。
dependencies {
implementation(commonLibs.dora)
implementation(commonLibs.dora.apollo)
kapt(commonLibs.apollo.compiler)
implementation(commonLibs.dora.glide)
implementation(commonLibs.dora.firebase)
implementation(commonLibs.dora.pgyer)
implementation(commonLibs.dora.arouter)
kapt(commonLibs.arouter.compiler)
implementation(commonLibs.dcache)
implementation(commonLibs.dview.titlebar)
implementation(commonLibs.dview.colors)
implementation(commonLibs.dview.clearedittext)
implementation(commonLibs.dview.dialog.bottom)
implementation(commonLibs.dview.dialog.alert)
implementation(commonLibs.dview.dialog.loading)
implementation(commonLibs.refresh.layout)
implementation(commonLibs.refresh.header)
implementation(commonLibs.refresh.footer)
implementation(commonLibs.ktx.viewmodel)
implementation(commonLibs.ktx.livedata)
}
你有没有发现，横杠符号换成了点？我们命名的时候就可以尽量保证物以类聚。同一类的sdk，如果后面的名称是一致的，我们可以提前。比如lifecycle-livedata-ktx和lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx，再比如dview的那三个dialog库。
注意事项
Aliases must consist of a series of identifiers separated by a dash (-, recommended), an underscore (_) or a dot (.). Identifiers themselves must consist of ascii characters, preferably lowercase, eventually followed by numbers.
别名必须由一系列标识符组成，并用破折号（-，推荐）、下划线 (_) 或点 (.) 分隔。 标识符本身必须由 ascii 字符组成，最好是小写，最后跟数字。
Some keywords are reserved, so they cannot be used as an alias. Next words cannot be used as an alias:
extensions
class
convention
Additional to that next words cannot be used as a first subgroup of an alias for dependencies (for bundles, versions and plugins this restriction doesn’t apply):
bundles
versions
plugins
So for example for dependencies an alias versions-dependency is not valid, but versionsDependency or dependency-versions are valid.
有些关键字是保留的，因此不能用作别名。 接下来的单词不能用作别名：
- extensions
- class
- convention
除此之外，接下来的单词不能用作依赖项别名的第一个子组（对于捆绑包、版本和插件，此限制不适用）：
- bundles
- versions
- plugins
例如，对于依赖项，别名 versions-dependency 无效，但 versionsDependency 或 dependency-versions 有效。
