L5-U1-P1-1 Listening : Jessica’s Class Reunion 1
Jessica’s Class Reunion 1
Jessica is 35 years old.
She graduated from middle school 20 years ago.
This year her middle school class had its 20-year class reunion.
All of her classmates and teachers were invited to attend.
It was going to be at a hotel near where their school used to be.
Like many other buildings, the school had been torn down.
It had been replaced by some apartment buildings.
How many years ago did she graduate? -20 years ago.
Where was the reunion going to be held? -At a hotel.
What happened to the school?- It was torn down.
At first she wasn't sure if she could go to the reunion.
One reason was that there wasn't anyone in particular that she wanted to see.
Another reason was that she was very busy.
She was a working mother, with a boy 8 years old and a husband who was rarely at home.
Going to the reunion meant that she would have to arrange for someone to take care of things while she was away.
That wouldn't be easy.
She didn't want to take her boy with her, and her husband wouldn't take time off from work.
Going to the reunion meant that she would have toarrange for someone to take care of things while she was away.
It wasn't going to be easy to find someone...to take care of things while she was away.
Who did she want to see at the reunion? - There wasn't anyone.
Then she got a message from Sharon, one of her old classmates.
Sharon was contacting people from their class and urging everyone to come.
In their school days, Sharon was class monitor , and now she was helping to organize the reunion.
Sharon wasurging everyone to come to the reunion.
They exchanged messages, and Jessica said she couldn't make it.
Then Sharon gave her a call and they talked for almost an hour.
Sharon really wanted her to come, and so did a couple of Jessica's old friends.
They were all wondering how she was doing.
None of them had seen or heard from her since graduation.
They were especially curious since she hadn't gone to their first reunion 10 years before.
Why would be people curious about Jessica? -Nobody had heard from her.
(1) They exchanged messages, and Jessica said she couldn't make it.
(2) Then Sharon gave her a call and they talked for almost an hour.
(3) Sharon really wanted her to come, and so did a couple of Jessica's old friends.
(4) They were all wondering how she was doing.
Like many other buildings, the school had been torn down.
She got a message from Sharon, one of her classmates.
All of her classmates and teachers were invited to attend.
Sharon was contacting people from their class and urging everyone to come.
In their school days, Sharon was class monitor, and now she was helping to organize the reunion.
L5-U1-P1-2 Listening : Jessica’s Class Reunion 2
Jessica’s Class Reunion 2
Jessica decided to arrange things so that she could go.
Her husband finally agreed to take care of things while she was away.
He agreed to do it because her mother had offered to come and stay for a while so Jessica could attend the reunion.
Since he and her mother didn't get along, he decided to change his schedule and work from home for a few days.
He really didn't want her mother to come, though he didn't say so.
Her husband didn't want her mother to come?-They don'tget along.
What did her mother offer to to? - come and stay for a while
Why did he decide to change his schedule? - He and her mother didn't get along.
(1) Jessica decided to arrange things so that she could go.
(2) Her husband finally agreed to take care of things while she was away.
(3) He agreed to do it because her mother had offered to come and stay for a while so Jessica could attend the reunion.
(4) Since he and her mother didn't get along, he decided to change his schedule and work from home for a few days.
Once she got to the reunion, she was shocked.
Everyone had aged so much, and many were out of shape.
Some who used to be good-looking had lost their looks completely and others looked much better than before.
It was strange how time had changed people in such different ways.
Anyway, she decided that since she was there, she would try to enjoy it.
What happen to some who used to be good-looking?- They had lost their looks completely.
Anyway, she decided thatsinceshe wasthere, shewouldtry toenjoyit.
Once she got to the reunion, she was shocked.
It was strange how time had changed people in such different ways.
Jessica decided to arrange things so that she could go.
One reason was that there wasn't anyone in particular that she wanted to see.
Going to the reunion meant that she would have to arrange for someone to take care of things while she was away.
Why was she shocked when she got to the reunion? -everyone had aged so much
It wasstrange how timehad changed people insuch differentways.
Her husband agreed to take care of things while she was away.
Everyone had aged so much, and many were out of shape.
They had lost their looks completely.
At first she wasn't sure if she could go to the reunion.
Some who used to be good-looking had lost their looks completely and others looked much better than before.
L5-U1-P1-3 Vocabulary : Actions and Change
Actions and Change
Toreplacesomething means to put something else in its place.
When something gets old and begins to break down, it may need to be replaced.
The person whoreplaces someone is the person'sreplacement.
When a person leaves a company, the personmayneed to bereplaced by someone else.
Totear something downmeans to break it apart.
To tear a person down means to hurt them by saying negative things about them.
When the old school building wastorn down, it wasreplaced by a hotel.
It maytake a long time totear downa big building.
Toconstruct something means to build it or put it together.
Large construction projects include buildings, bridges, and organizations.
The opposite of "constructive" is "destructive".
Destructive comments in a discussioncan be verynegative andcause bad feelings.
To beconstructive means to help build an idea or process bycontributing something helpful, such as positive feedback.
The earthquakedestroyedseveral buildings andleftmany people without homes.
Toorganizesomething means to arrange things in an orderly, logical way.
An organization is something that has a logical structure, such as a well-managed company.
Some people are poorlyorganized, so they have ahardtimefindingthings.
When things are notarrangedwell, you need to organize.
They are toodisorganized to getanything done on time.
Anevent or party can be wellorganized, poorly organized orcompletely disorganized.
Tosupportsomething such as an idea is to help or add strength to it.
The opposite of "support" is "to undermine or weaken".
If yousupport someone, itmeansyou are trying to help themsucceed.
Some people arepoorly organized, so they have ahardtimefindingthings.
When something gets old and begins to break down, it may need to be replaced.
It may take a long time to tear down a big building.
If you support someone, it means you are trying to help them succeed.
An event or party can be well organized, poorly organized or completely disorganized.
Destructive comments in a discussion can be very negative and cause bad feelings.
To workagainst someone means toundermine them, or make them lesseffective.
The opposite of "construct" is "tear down".
What do you need to do in a place where everything is confused?- organize it
"To help or strengthen" means..."to support".
What's the opposite of "destroy"? -The opposite of "destroy" is "construct or build".
If yousupport someone, it means you aretrying tohelp themsucceed.
To construct something means to build it or put it together.
Some people are poorly organized, so they have a hard time finding things.
When things are not arranged well, you need to organize.
The earthquake destroyed several buildings and left many people without homes.
Destructive comments in a discussion can be very negative and cause bad feelings.
L5-U1-P1-4 Vocabulary : Types of Information
Types of Information
Public informationis available to anyone who wants to know it.
If a store is open to the public, it means anyone can come in.
Anyone can investin apubliccompany bybuyingits shares.
Many people make money byinvesting inpublic companies.
Apublic company makes itsshares available for purchase by anyinvestor.
Private informationis not open to everyone, but is only available to trusted friends or family.
Information about one's secret hopes and dreams is usually private.
You hadbetterkeep information about your passwordsprivateor you maylosea lot.
Thepassword to your bankaccount isprivate information.
Most peoplekeep theirpersonal informationprivate.
Confidential informationis secret information.
Confidential information is not supposed to be shared with others.
Revealingconfidential information may beillegal.
Gossipis information that is often exchanged because it's exciting or fun, even though it may not be true.
Office gossip is often entertaining, but it can also be damaging.
People whogassipoften enjoyembarrassingor hurting other people.
When peoplegossip, they mayhurt someone byspreading false orembarrassing information.
Gossipmay hurt orembarrass the personbeing gossiped about.
Opinionsare what people think or feel about something as opposed to factual information.
Factual information is based on facts or evidence, but opinions are what people think or feel.
Someone’sopinion is what they think orfeel about something.
To make something public means...it should be made available to everyone.
Confidential information is notsupposedto besharedwithothers.
Gossip is informationthatis oftenexchangedbecause it'sexcitingor fun, eventhoughitmaynot be true.
If a store is open to the public, it means anyone can come in.
Someone’s opinion is what they think or feel about something.
Revealing confidential information may be illegal.
Private information is not open to everyone, but is only available to trusted friends or family.
The details of a secret design or how a company makes decisions are often confidential.
Someone’sopinion is what they think orfeel about something.
A company's secrets are what kind of information?-The details of a secret design or how a company makes decisions are often confidential.
What a person thinks or feels about a issue is what?-Opinions are what people think or feel about something as opposed to factual information.
Highly personal information is what kind of information?- Highly personal information is private information.
To keep something private means...it shouldn't be shared with others.
Information about one'ssecret hopes anddreams is usuallyprivate.
Factual information isbased on facts orevidence, butopinions arewhat people think or feel.
Many people make money by investing in public companies.
Someone’s opinion is what they think or feel about something.
The password to your bank account is private information.
Confidential information is not supposed to be shared with others.
You had better keep information about your passwords private or you may lose a lot.
Factual information is based on facts or evidence, but opinions are what people think or feel.
L5-U1-P1-5 Dialogue : A Customer Complaint
A Customer Complaint
M: Is this the Ace service center?
W: Yes, it is sir. May I help you?
M: Yes, I'm calling to complain about your service.
W: Certainly sir, I'm sorry to hear that. Let me see if there's something I can do to help you. Please tell me what happened.
M: I ordered a new washing machine on your website. It was more than a week ago.
Why is the customer calling ?-to complain about something
Let me see if there's something I can do to help you.
W: Before you go on, may I have your order number, please?
M: Sure, it's abc1005.
W: And may I have the last 4 digits of your social security number ?
M: I don't have a social security number. I'm an illegal alien.
W: Very funny sir. OK, then what is your first pet's name?
M: Mr. Kitty.
A social security number is ...a person's government registration or identification number
Please tell me what happened.
I don't have a social security number.
I'm an illegal alien.
I ordered a new washing machine on your website.
And may I have the last 4 digits of your social security number ?
Before you go on means...before you continue.
Let me see if there's something I can do to help you.
Is this the Ace service center?
Certainly sir, I'm sorry to hear that.
Yes, I'm calling to complain about your service.
Before you go on, may I have your order number, please?
W: OK, I see your all information. Now, what's the problem?
M: I ordered the washing machine and paid for it. Then I chose a delivery date from a set of choices. It was supposed to be delivered today, but it's still not here.
W: Did anyone contact you?
M: No, I haven't received any messages.
W: I'm sorry to hear that sir.
Then Ichosea deliverydatefrom aset ofchoices.
What was the customer expecting to happen today?- He was expecting the washing machine to be delivered.
W: I see here that the washing machine you ordered hasn't arrived in our warehouse yet. It can't be delivered until next week.
M: You don't even have it yet? Why haven't I been notified? I took time off from work to be at home today.
I see here that the washing machine youorderedhasn'tarrivedin our warehouse yet.
Why haven't Ibeen notified?
Where is the washing machine?- it's being shifted to their warehouse.
Why did he take time off from work?-He stayed at home because he was expecting the delivery.
W: You should have been notified by phone or email.
M: I wasn't. I haven't received any notification . This is very upsetting.
W: I understand, sir. I'm really sorry for this.
M: Being sorry isn't enough. I'm really upset. This is no way to do business.
W: Yes sir, I understand.
Youshouldhavebeennotified,byphone or email.
It can't be delivered until next week.
I took time off from work to be at home today.
Being sorry isn't enough.
Then I chose a delivery date from a set of choices.
You should have been notified by phone or email.
How does the customer feel?-He is really upset.
I ordered the washing machine and paid for it.
You don't even have it yet?
I haven't received any notification.
I see here that the washing machine you ordered hasn't arrived in our warehouse yet.
It was supposed to be delivered today, but it's still not here.
W: I can send you a $50 gift coupon as a way to express our appreciation for your patience.
M: I don't care about the money. I don't blame you of course, but I want you to know how disappointed that I am with Ace. I expected much better service.
I don'tblameyou of course,butI want you to knowhowdisappointed that I am with Ace.
What does the service presentive offer to do?- She offers to send the customer a $50 gift coupon.
W: I'm really sorry sir. Is there anything else I can do for you?
M: Yes, there is. I'd like to cancel the order and get a refund.
W: I'm sorry to hear that sir, but I understand. I'll see to it that you get your refund.
M: How long will it take before I get the refund?
W: You should see the credit on your next month's credit card billing statement .
M: Thanks for your help.
W: You're welcome sir, and once again, please accept my apologies.
I'd like tocanceltheorderand get arefund.
I'd like to cancel the order and get a refund.
I don't care about the money.
How long will it take before I get the refund?
You're welcome sir, and once again, please accept my apologies.
I don't blame you of course, but I want you to know how disappointed that I am with Ace.
What does the customer finally decide to do?-He cancels the order.
Is there anything else I can do for you?
I expected much better service.
I'll see to it that you get your refund.
You should see the credit on your next month's credit card billing statement.
I can send you a $50 gift coupon as a way to express our appreciation for your patience.
L5-U1-P2-1 Listening : At Jessica’s Reunion Party 1
At Jessica’s Reunion Party 1
Jessica's 20-year class reunion was held at a fancy hotel.
When she arrived, she wasn't sure she was in the right place.
At first she didn't recognize anyone.
She felt a bit awkward and out of place.
But it wasn't long before a strange man came up to her.
He was already losing his hair, and he was wearing thick glasses.
"Don't you remember me?" he asked.
How does she feel when she arrived the hotel? -awkward and out of place.
Shedidn't recognize anyone.
When she arrived at the hotel, she wasn't sureshe was in the right place.
Hewas alreadylosing his hair, and he waswearing thick glasses.
When he said who he was, she barely remembered him, especially since he had changed so much.
Then he told her that he had always had a crush on her.
He said she looked beautiful and he immediately took a selfie of them, with his arm tight around her waist.
This made her feel a bit strange.
She smiled at him and pretended to be happy to see him.
But in fact, she wasn't sure how to react, though he seemed nice.
How does she feel when the man puts his arm on her?-It made her feel uncomfortable.
(1) He said she looked beautiful and he immediately took a selfie of them, with his arm tight around her waist.
(2) This made her feel a bit strange.
(3) She smiled at him and pretended to be happy to see him.
(4) But in fact, she wasn't sure how to react, though he seemed nice.
Why didn't she remember him? -He had changed a lot.
Shesmiled at him andpretended to be happyto see him.
She finally excused herself and went to the ladies room.
She was beginning to regret having come to the reunion.
She had always been shy, and she still was.
Shehadalwaysbeenshy, and she stillwas.
What kind of person is she?-She is shy.
When she returned to the party, Sharon invited her to sit at her table.
Dinner was going to be served soon, and some of the classmates were going to give speeches.
Sharon asked Jessica to say a few words too, because people were curious.
This was a surprise.
Jessica had never been very popular and she didn't think anyone had noticed her.
She had always felt like an outsider, with only a couple of close friends.
Still, she had been one of the best students, and people remembered her.
What was some of classmates going to do? -giving speeches.
Shehadalwaysfeltlike anoutsider, with only a couple ofclosefriends.
At first she didn't recognize anyone.
She smiled at him and pretended to be happy to see him.
Jessica's 20-year class reunion was held at a fancy hotel.
She had always felt like an outsider, with only a couple of close friends.
But in fact, she wasn't sure how to react, though he seemed nice.
In this situation, "to say a few words" means ? - to give a short speech
Jessicahad neverbeen very popular and shedidn't think anyone hadnoticed her.
When she arrived, she wasn't sure she was in the right place.
She felt a bit awkward and out of place.
She had always been shy, and she still was.
Dinner was going to be served soon, and some of the classmates were going to give speeches.
He was already losing his hair, and he was wearing thick glasses.
L5-U1-P2-2 Listening : At Jessica’s Reunion Party 2
At Jessica’s Reunion Party 2
As the evening wore on, Jessica began to really enjoy herself.
She talked with her old friends and was amazed by how some others had changed.
For example, Tom used to be good-looking and athletic.
He was one of the most popular students and a star basketball player.
His one problem was math.
He had had a hard time in math, especially in geometry.
This was because he wasn't a logical thinker.
Expect for basketball, he didn't want to do anything unless it was easy.
Expectfor basketball, he didn't want to doanything unless it was easy.
If somethingwasn't easy, he didn'twant to do it,except for basketball.
Tom was no longer good-looking.
His nose, which had always been large, had grown even larger.
he had also gained a lot of weight.
His wife had left him, so for the first time ever, he was alone.
He looked lonely and depressed, not at all like he used to be.
How had his nose changed? - It had grown even larger.
Steve was a nobody in middle school.
People hardly noticed him.
He was small, quiet, and a bit ugly, with crooked teeth.
What he was good at was English.
His English was even better than their teacher's.
After graduating, he went to a low-ranked university and eventuallydropped out (退学).
He was small,quiet, and abit ugly, withcrooked teeth.
For a while he worked as a tour guide.
Then, 10 years ago, he and some friends started a little company which is now a great success.
In fact, he had become a rich, generous man.
He had a nice, warm smile and his success hadn't gone to his head.
It was a pleasure to be around him.
What happened to the company he and some friends started?- It became a success.
He had had a hard time in math, especially in geometry.
His wife had left him, so for the first time ever, he was alone.
It was a pleasure to be around him.
As the evening wore on, Jessica began to really enjoy herself.
He was small, quiet, and a bit ugly, with crooked teeth.
Betty used to be the most beautiful girl in school.
She wasn't very smart, but she was a great singer.
She made a video of her singing, and it went viral.
She became famous overnight, but it only lasted for about two years.
After that, her fans lost interest in her.
She tried to become an actress, but she failed.
She had been too stiff and nervous in front of the camera.
How long did her fame last?- It lasted for about two years.
Why did she fail as an actress?-She was too nervous in front of the camera.
Betty had a nice husband who seemed to adore her.
The one tragedy in her life happened about five years ago, when she lost her daughter to a rare form of cancer.
Because of that, her hair had begun to turn grey.
Jessica couldn't help but feel sorry for her.
Betty had had such high hopes and tremendous energy as a girl, but things didn't work out.
What was the one tragedy in her life? -her daughter died.
What happened about 5 years ago? -Her daughter died from cancer.
And then there was John.
John used to be the school bully.
He had been big, strong and mean.
He hadn't been nice to anybody.
It seemed that he was always angry and ready to hit someone.
After graduating, he joined the army and went overseas to fight in a war.
He saw many people die and he grew to hate fighting of any kind.
Then one day he was nearly killed when the helicopter he was in was shot down.
He survived the crash, but he lost a leg and was hospitalized for nearly a year.
What did he do after graduating?- He joined the military.
What happened to the helicopter he was in?- It was shot down.
He saw many peopledie and he grew tohate fighting of anykind.
Now he had completely changed.
He had gentle, kind eyes, and a beautiful smile.
He was working for an organization that provides support for elderly people.
From Jessica's point of view, John had turned out to be a wonderful surprise.
From Jessica'spoint ofview, John hadturned out to be a wonderful surprise.
In the end, Jessica was glad she went to her reunion.
It was interesting to see how people had changed through the years.
Still, she was happy to get home and appreciate everything that she had.
In the end, Jessicawas glad she went to herreunion. It was interesting tosee how people had changedthrough the years. Still, she was happy toget home and appreciate everythingthat she had.
Betty used to be the most beautiful girl in school.
She tried to become an actress, but she failed.
Jessica couldn't help but feel sorry for her.
When she returned to the party, Sharon invited her to sit at her table.
Sharon asked Jessica to say a few words too, because people were curious.
L5-U1-P2-3 Vocabulary : Language of Love
Language of Love
A broken heartis what happens when a love relationship is broken off.
Someone with a broken heart is usually depressed which means they feel awful and don't enjoy life.
Shebroke hisheart when shetold him their relationship wasover.
If someone you lovebreaks off therelationship, it feels like theend of the world.
To fall in love with someone can be a wonderful experience, with powerful emotions.
People in love often share their deepest feelings and emotions, which is intimacy.
When you are inlovewith someone you canhardlythink of anythingelse.
Being in love canblind you fromseeing things as theyreally are, so it is easy to make a baddecision.
Theemotions of love haveinspired poetsthroughout history.
Other kinds of loveinclude the lovebetween a parent and child.
To find someone attractiveusually means there is a physical desire to be with them.
Physical attraction may sometimes lead to love, but in many cases it may only lead to a short-term sexual relationship.
Many womenuse makeup tomake themselves morephysically attractive.
If two people areattracted to eachother, they want to betogether.
Physically attractive people attract people of theopposite or same sex, depending on their sexualorientation.
To flirt with someonemeans to let him or her know that you want to be approached.
Some people use their eyes or a smile to flirt.
If someone isflirting with you, they are coming on to you. Knowing how torespondto such aninvitationis a skill many people don't have. They may notrecongnizethe fact that someone isinvitingthem toapproach.
The skill offlirting is something that comesnaturally to some people, but for many people, they just actawkwardly.
If someone isflirting with you, they arecoming on to you. You mayreject their advance oraccept it and begin a relationship.
Jealousyis what often happens when two people compete for the love of the same person.
The one who losses may be very jealous of the other and try to break things up.
If two men arerivalsfor the same woman, they maydislikeor evenhateeach other because ofjealousy.
Tofindsomeoneattractiveusually meansthereis a physicaldesireto be with them.
Physicalattractionmay sometimesleadto love, but in manycasesitmayonly lead to a short-term sexualrelationship.
A broken heart is what happens when a love relationship is broken off.
The emotions of love have inspired poets throughout history.
If someone is flirting with you, they are coming on to you.
If two men are rivals for the same woman, they may dislike or even hate each other because of jealousy.
To flirt with someone means to let him or her know that you want to be approached.
Feelings ofjealousy maylast for a long time and candestroy friendships.
He tried to make eye contact with her, but she didn't respond.
What can cause people to feel depressed?-Someone with a broken heart is usually depressed which means they feel awful and don't enjoy life.
She has found the man of her dreams.
Tofall in love with someone can be a wonderfulexperience,with powerfulemotions.
Toflirt with someone means tolet him or her knowthat you want to beapproached.
She broke his heart when she told him their relationship was over.
Feelings of jealousy may last for a long time and can destroy friendships.
Many women use makeup to make themselves more physically attractive.
A jealous person often wants to possess the person they love.
If two men are rivals for the same woman, they may dislike or even hate each other because of jealousy.
To flirt with someone means to let him or her know that you want to be approached.
L5-U1-P2-4 Vocabulary : Reactions to News
Reactions to News
Some people can remaincalmeven when everyone else is confused and upset.
When you are calm, you can think clearly and make good decisions.
Some people are easilyupset and have ahard timecontrolling theiremotions.
Sometimes it’s best tocontrol your emotions and becalm rather thanreact in anger.
Peoplereact to disappointing newsin different ways.
Sometimes they get discouraged and lose their confidence.
Sometimes they get depressed and begin to cry or even get drunk.
When disappointed, becalm, thinkclearly andact constructively.
When disappointed, it’s much better toface the facts anddecide what to do next than getdiscouraged.
People arefuriouswhen they are extremely angry.
People who are furious at each other may end up fighting or trying to hurt each other.
When people arefurious ateach other they oftenyell andinsult each other.
Some people becomefurious when they aredriving and another drivercuts infront of them.
To be excitedis usually a good thing.
People can become excited while watching a soccer match and seeing their team score a goal.
The opposite of "exciting" is "dull" or "boring".
Heexpected the game to beexciting, but it was soboring that heleft early.
Everyone wasexcite d when theyheard that theirfavorite team hadwon the game.
Someone isterrifiedif they are extremely afraid and shaking with fear.
Terrified people will often scream and run away from whatever is threatening them.
Being in the earthquakewas aterrifying experience, especially for the children.
What can cause people to lose their confidence? -Sometimes they get discouraged and lose their confidence.
What state of mind can help you think clearly and make good decisions?- When you are calm, you can think clearly and make good decisions.
How do people feel if their favorite team score a goal?- People can become excited while watching a soccer match and seeing their team score a goal.
When you arecalm, you can thinkclearlyandmakegood decisions.
People who can'tcontrol their emotions aredifficult to work with. Theiractions canupset everyone around them.
People who arefurious at each other mayend upfighting or trying tohurt each other.
People who can't control their emotions are difficult to work with.
When people are furious at each other they often yell and insult each other.
To be excited is usually a good thing.
He expected the game to be exciting, but it was so boring that he left early.
Some people become furious when they are driving and another driver cuts in front of them.
He was terrified when he thought the building he was in was going to collapse in the earthquake.
L5-U1-P2-5 Dialogue : Office Gossip
Office Gossip
A: What are you so excited about?
B: Have you heard? John and Sylvia are getting a divorce.
A: No, I haven't, but I'm not suprised. To be honest, I've never expected their marriage to last very long. She is so aggressive and bossy.
What happened to John and Sylvia? They are getting a divorce.
How was Sylvia described? - aggressive and bossy
B: Well, I think John had an affair! He met someone on a business trip.
A: Really? How did you find THAT out?
B: Sherry told me a few minutes ago.
A: Oh, Sherry. She is such a gossip. I wouldn't believe anything she says.
B: No, really. This time I think we can trust her. I don't think she's making it up.
To have an affair means...for a married person to have a romantic relationship outside of the marriage.
Iwouldn'tbelieveanythingshesays.
To gossip isto talk about or spread rumors about the lives of other people.
(1) Well, I think John had an affair!
(2) Really? How did you find THAT out?
(3) Sherry told me a few minutes ago.
(4) Oh, Sherry. She is such a gossip.
A: Wow, this is news. What about their baby?
B: I don't know. I haven't heard anything about that.
A: Well, that's too bad. Even though I don't like either one of them, I feel sorry for them. It's so sad when this happens, especially for the child.
B: You are right. It's easy to get caught up in all the gossip and forget to think about the serious consequences.
How did she feel about the couple,John and Sylvia ?She feels sorry for them.
What are you so excited about?
I wouldn't believe anything she says.
I don't think she's making it up.
To be honest, I've never expected their marriage to last very long.
To gossip is to talk about or spread rumors about the lives of other people.
Eventhough I don't likeeither one ofthem, I feelsorry for them.
She's so aggressive and bossy.
This time I think we can trust her.
I haven't heard anything about that.
To have an affair menas for a married person to have a romantic relationship outside of the marriage.
Even though I don't like either one of them, I feel sorry for them.
A: Still, I can't say I'm surprised. Can you imagine living with someone like that?
B: No, I can't. She is so self-centered.
A: And what about him?
B: I don't know him well, but he seems nice.
A: I think so too. I'm not sure how he ever fell for her.
B: Are you kidding? Hormones, you have to admit that she's physically attractive. He probably couldn't help himself. And now it seems he has fallen for someone else.
To fall for someone means...to fall in love with them.
Hormones are ...chemicals in the body that control how people feel.
What can't she image?-She can't image living with someone like Sylvia.
You have toadmit that she'sphysically attractive.
A: I guess he can't control himself. I've heard he has a drinking problem, too.
B: Oh, I wasn't aware of that. Well, what's new, right? Something's never changed.
A: That's for sure. Hey, what about lunch?
B: No thanks. I'd better get back to work.
What wasn't she aware of?-Jorn's drinking problem
Can you imagine living with someone like that?
I'm not sure how he ever fell for her.
I guess he can't control himself.
And now it seems he has fallen for someone else.
To fall for someone means to fall in love with them.
Iguess he can'tcontrol himself. I'veheard he has a drinkingproblem too.
I don't know him well, but he seems nice.
You have to admit that she's physically attractive.
He probably couldn't help himself.
I've heard he has a drinking problem, too.
She can't image living with someone like Sylvia.
L5-U1-P3-1 Listening : Emma's Best 1
Emma's Best 1
Emma's Best is a small but growing health food company.
It was started in 1995 by a married couple who were tired of working for large companies.
The two founders were Ed and Emma Smith, both health-conscious vegetarians.
Despite the risks, Ed and Emma wanted to start their own business.
They knew it would be hard work, but they were determined to try.
Their plan was to create a business that provided healthy food to busy people.
They wanted it to be something they could be proud of.
(They wanted their new company to be something they could be proud of.)
What did they want to proud of ? -Their new business.
Their plan was to create a business that...provided healthy food to busy people.
(1) Emma's Best is a small but growing health food company.
(2) It was started in 1995 by a married couple who were tired of working for large companies.
(3) The two founders were Ed and Emma Smith, both health-conscious vegetarians.
(4) Despite the risks, Ed and Emma wanted to start their own business.
They wanted to start their own businessdespite the risks.
Their plan was to create a business thatprovided healthy food to busy people.
(1) Emma's Best is a small but growing health food company.
(2) It was started in 1995 by a married couple who were tired of working for large companies.
(3) The two founders were Ed and Emma Smith, both health-conscious vegetarians.
(4) Despite the risks, Ed and Emma wanted to start their own business.
When they started the company, organic food was becoming more popular.
People were becoming more food conscious and worried about food safety.
In fact, people were willing to pay higher prices for food that was free of harmful chemicals.
In addition, an increasing number of people had little time to go shopping and cook at home.
They wanted meals that were healthy but easy to prepare.
There were very few frozen meals available at the time, and none of them were vegetarian or organic.
There was a gap in the market.
What was becoming more popular when they started the company? -organic food
To be conscious of something means to be...aware of it.
There were very few frozen mealsavailableat the time.
People werebecoming more foodconscious andworried about foodsafety.
Ed and Emma immediately saw the opportunity and launched their first product.
It was a frozen pasta meal with a mix of vegetables and a delicious cream sauce.
The market response was enthusiastic and profitable beyond their expectations.
Their product was an instant success.
To their surprise, it was soon being eaten by millions of people, not only vegetarians or those interested in organic foods.
It was being bought because it was easy to prepare and it tasted good.
And of course it was healthy.
To their surprise it was soon being eaten...by a wide variety of people.
It was afrozenpastamealwith amixof vegetables and a delicious cream sauce.
They knew it would be hard work, but they were determined to try.
To be more conscious of something means to be more aware of it.
Ed and Emma immediately saw the opportunity and launched their first product.
What was the market response to their first product? - enthusiastic and profitable
Ed and Emma immediately saw the opportunity andlaunched their first product.
They knew it would be hard work, but they were determined to try.
To be more conscious of something means to be more aware of it.
There were very few frozen meals available at the time, and none of them were vegetarian or organic.
Other products followed in rapid succession.
As a result, at the end of 5 years, the company was producing over 100 frozen meals.
Since then they have increased the number of meals to over 150, including pizzas, sandwiches and snacks.
Their foods are carried by natural food stores and supermarkets throughout North America.
.
Other products followed inrapidsuccession.
Sincethen theyhave increased the number of meals toover 150, including pizzas, sandwiches and snacks.
Emma's Best is a small but growing health food company.
People were willing to pay more for food that was free of harmful chemicals.
In fact, people were willing to pay higher prices for food that was free of harmful chemicals.
It was started in 1995 by a married couple who were tired of working for large companies.
Other products followed inrapidsuccession.
Sincethen theyhave increased the number of meals toover 150, including pizzas, sandwiches and snacks.
People were becoming more food conscious and worried about food safety.
People were willing to pay more for food that was free of harmful chemicals.
Their foods are carried by natural food stores and supermarkets throughout North America.
It was started in 1995 by a married couple who were tired of working for large companies.
L5-U1-P3-2 Listening : Emma's Best 2
Emma's Best 2
Although they have expanded their production facilities and increased the number of employees, they have remained a private company.
They enjoy the fact that they are a family-owned business, sensitive to the needs of their customers.
They don't have to worry about pleasing shareholders.
Rather than paying dividends to shareholders, Emma's Best has a profit-sharing plan that benefits its employees.
What kind of company is Emma's Best? - It's a private company
Theyenjoy the factthat they are a family-owned business,sensitive to the needs of theircustomers.
Dividends are that are paid to the shareholders.
Bonuses and salary increases keep employees happy and motivated to work hard.
As a result, employee turnover is low and the company has been recognized as one of the best companies to work for.
In addition, Emma's Best supports local charities, especially those that provide healthy food to children from low-income families.
Given its success, the company feels an obligation to contribute to society.
In spite of the fact that other companies now produce similar products, Emma's Best remains the market leader.
Their total commitment to quality has made the difference and they are proud of their accomplishments.
What helps to keep employees happy and motivated?-Bonuses and salary increases
Bonuses and salaryincreases keep employees happy and motivated to work hard. As aresult, employee turnover is low and the company has beenrecognized as one of the best companies to work for. In addition, Emma's Best supportslocal charities, especially those that providehealthy food to children from low-income families.
It was being bought because it was easy to prepare and it tasted good.
( Their product was an instant success. )
Other products followed in rapid succession.
If employees are happy and motivated, employee turnover is usually low.
(They have remained a private company.)
As a result, employee turnover is low and the company has been recognized as one of the best companies to work for.
Rather than paying dividends to shareholders, Emma's Best has a profit-sharing plan that benefits its employees.
L5-U1-P3-3 Vocabulary : Feelings & Attitudes
Feelings & Attitudes
People are oftennervousor apprehensive before performing in front of an audience.
People who are really nervous may feel tense, which is the opposite of relaxed.
Sometimes, taking adeep breath canhelp anervous person feel morerelaxed.
When someone is nervous their muscles often tense up and their heart rate increases.
Someone who strongly believes in their ability to do something is oftenconfident.
The best way to build confidence is to practice what you're going to do until you can do it with ease.
Thekey to buildingconfidence and reducingnervousness is effective andfrequent practice.
Someone with confidence can perform at a higher level than someone who is nervous.
To beindifferentmeans to not care one way or the other about something.
If you are indifferent to a person or project, it means that the person or project isn't important to you.
People who areindifferent mayvalue anything or anyonebut themselves.
Peoplewho areindifferent are oftencold and uncaringabout others.
To beappreciativeis to be thankful or grateful for something.
If someone does something nice for you, you should appreciate it.
It's important toshow yourappreciation for someone'ssupport or help.
If someone does afavor for you, you should show yourappreciation bythanking them.
"To bedepressed" is the opposite of "to be happy".
When someone is depressed, they feel very sad.
Depression can be caused by disappointing news or by failing to reach a goal.
When people aredepressed, they are usually pessimisticabout thefuture.
When you are really sad, you may bedepressed.
If someone does a favor for you, you shouldappreciate it.
If you don't care about anything, then you may beindifferent.
Someone who has practiced a lot and believes in his or her ability isconfident.
This is how many people feel just before giving a performance?nervous
People are often nervous orapprehensive beforeperforming in front of anaudience.
Someone who stronglybelieves in theirability to do something is oftenconfident.
To be indifferentmeans to notcare oneway or the otherabout something.
Depression can becaused bydisappointing news or byfailing to reach a goal.
"To be depressed" is the opposite of "to be happy".
When you are really sad, you may be depressed.
It's important to show your appreciation for someone's support or help.
When people are depressed, they are usually pessimistic about the future.
When someone is nervous, their muscles often tense up and their heart rate increases.
L5-U1-P3-4 Vocabulary : Types of Character
Types of Character
Aggressivepeople often push their own ideas or try to force others to follow them.
Someone who is passive will usually not resist the efforts of others.
A passive person is often seen asweak andeasy tocontrol.
Anaggressive person pushes orattacks and a passive person doesn'tresist.
Anoptimisticperson believes in a positive future.
Optimists see a glass as half full rather than half empty.
The opposite of an optimist is a pessimist.
Pessimists see aglass as halfempty rather than halffull.
A pessimist sees things with anegative light and haslittle hopefor thefuture.
Sensitivepeople are emotional and have strong feelings about things.
It's important to be careful when dealing with sensitive people, because it's easy to upset them.
Insensitivepeople don't seem to be aware of or care about the feelings of others.
He doesn'trealize when she'supset because he's quiteinsensitive to thefeelings of others.
It's important toknow how toact around extremelysensitive people.
Ameanperson doesn't treat other people well or with kindness.
Mean people often enjoy making people suffer for their mistakes.
"To be kind" is the opposite of "to be mean".
Nobody everasks him forhelp because he's mean andselfish.
He was really mean to her when she disagreed with him and he told her to shut up.
He was really mean when he told her how badly she had performed.
Conceitedpeople have a very high opinion of themselves.
They often talk about how great they are and tend to exaggerate their strengths.
Modestpeople don't show off their strengths, but are often very good at what they do.
Modest people are often overlooked in a job interview because they fail to comunicate their strengths.
Conceited people oftenexaggerate theirabilities and canfool people intobelieving them.
A person who doesn't like to fight or resist ispassive.
Someone who sees a glass as half empty rather than half full ispessimistic.
A person who enjoys making others suffer ismean.
A person who likes to show off and talk about herself isconceited.
It's important to becareful whendealing withsensitive people because it's easy toupset them.
Mean people oftenenjoy making peoplesuffer for theirmistakes.
They oftentalk about howgreat they are andtend toexaggerate their strengths.
Modest people are oftenoverlooked in a job interviewbecause theyfail to communicate theirstrengths.
An optimistic person believes in a positive future.
"To be mean" is the opposite of "to be kind".
He doesn't realize when she's upset because he's quite insensitive to the feelings of others.
He was really mean to her when she disagreed with him and he told her to shut up.
L5-U1-P3-5 Dialogue : Arranging an Appointment
Arranging an Appointment
W: Ace Industries, may I help you? This is Sue Mitchell speaking.
M: Hi, Sue, This is Ben Wang of Job Link.
W: Oh, hi Ben, how are you? I've been expecting your call.
M: I'm sorry to be late. I've been traveling.
This is Sue Mitchellspeaking.
I'vebeen expecting yourcall.
W: It seems like everyone is traveling these days.
M: That's for sure. I'm away more than I'm here. Anyway I'm calling to see if we can arrange a meeting.
W: Good. There are several matters I'd like to discuss with you.
M: Sure, would later this week be possible?
W: Let me see. According to my schedule, I'll have some time Thursday afternoon and Friday morning.
Anyway I'm callingto seeif wecanarrangea meeting.
There are severalmattersI'dliketodiscusswith you.
What does he suggest that they meet?-later this week
What is the purpose of the meeting?-She wants to discuss several matters.
M: How long do you think we'll need?
W: I think an hour should be enough.
M: That should be fine. Would Thursday at 3:30 work for you?
W: Yes, that's fine.
I think an hourshould be enough.
How long does she think the meeting should be?-An hour.
W: OK, I'm looking forward to seeing you at 3:30 on Thursday.
M: Right, see you then, and thanks.
W: You are welcome, Ben. Take care.
I've been expecting your call.
Would later this week be possible?
Would Thursday at 3:30 work for you?
Anyway I'm calling to see if we can arrange a meeting.
OK, I'm looking forward to seeing you at 3:30 on Thursday.
I'm sorry to be late.
How long do you think we'll need?
He suggest that they meet later this week.
According to my schedule, I'll have some time Thursday afternoon and Friday morning.
There are several matters I'd like to discuss with you.
M: Hi Sue, I'm sorry, but something urgent has come up, so I'd like to change the time for our meeting on Thursday.
W: Oh, I'm sorry to hear that. What about Friday morning?
M: That should work. How early?
W: I'm usually here by 9:00. Could you be here by then?
M: Yes, that shouldn't be a problem.
W: OK, Friday at 9:00.
M: Once again, sorry for the last minute change.
How does he end this conversation? -He makes an apology.
What time does she suggest for the meeting? - Friday at 9:00.
Could you be here by then?
Oh, I'm sorry to hear that.
Once again, sorry for the last minute change.
I'm sorry, but something urgent has come up, so I'd like to change the time for our meeting on Thursday.
What is the purpose of the conversation? - change the meeting
Which expression is more polite, A or B? - I'd like to change the time.
That should work.
Yes, that shouldn't be a problem.
What about Friday morning?
I'm sorry, but something urgent has come up, so I'd like to change the time for our meeting on Thursday.
L5-U1-P4-1 Listening : Mysteries of Nature 1
Mysteries of Nature 1
There are many mysteries in nature.
Mysteries are things we don't understand, such as how the Egyptian pyramids were built.
In fact, we are surrounded by mysteries.
What we know about the world seems like very little.
Thing we don't understand are...mysteries.
Mysteries are things we don't understand, such ashow the Egyptian pyramidswere built.
Scientists tell us that what we see in the universe is only a small part of what is there.
The rest is invisible, including dark matter and dark energy.
These two unknowns make up around 95% of the universe.
Evidence for their existence comes from their effects on what we can observe, such as the motion and positions of distant galaxies.
Most of what makes up the universe isinvisible.
Evidence for theirexistencecomes from theireffectson what we canobserve, such as themotionand positions of distant galaxies.
(1) Scientists tell us that what we see in the universe is only a small part of what is there.
(2) The rest is invisible, including dark matter and dark energy.
(3) These two unknowns make up around 95% of the universe.
(4) Evidence for their existence comes fromtheir effects on what we can observe, such as the motion and positions ofdistant galaxies.
Therest isinvisible, including darkmatter and dark energy.
Yet, though we know very little, we are able to build airplanes and communicate with smartphones.
In some ways we humans are very smart, or at least we think we are.
We still need to face big issues, like climate change, and that is going to be a huge challenge.
The challenge for humans will be our ability to adapt to our changing environment.
What's an example of a big issue? - global warming.
There are many mysteries in nature.
In fact, we are surrounded by mysteries.
In some ways we humans are very smart, or at least we think we are.
Mysteries are things we don't understand, such as how the Egyptian pyramids were built.
We still need to face big issues, like climate change, and that is going to be a huge challenge.
Thechallengefor humans will be ourability toadapt to ourchanging environment.
There are many mysteries in nature.
What we know about the world seems like very little.
In some ways we humans are very smart, or at least we think we are.
Mysteries are things we don't understand, such as how the Egyptian pyramids were built.
We still need to face big issues, like climate change, and that is going to be a huge challenge.
What about other forms of life?
How do they adapt?
Seasonal variations, for example, can be one of the greatest challenges for animals to overcome.
Overcoming such challenges is a great achievement, but hardly easy.
Some birds migrate thousands of kilometers each year to deal with seasonal changes.
These migrations are amazing.
Why do birds migrate? - to deal with seasonal changes.
Overcoming suchchallenges is a greatachievement, buthardly easy.
Birds don't carry maps or compasses, yet they know where to go.
They have developed the ability to see the Earth's magnetic field.
This ability is a wonder of nature.
It takes advantage of the fact that the Earth is like a huge bar magnet.
It has a north pole, which is positive, and a south pole, which is negative.
Somehow the birds are able to see this magnetic field and use it to their advantage.
What ability do birds have to help them navigate?-They can see the Earth's magnetic field.
Somehow the birds areable to see this magnetic field anduse it to theiradvantage.
And even the way birds fly together is amazing.
Many migrating birds fly in a V formation.
They do this to conserve energy.
In a V formation, birds can use the energy of the birds in front of them.
This energy comes from the air currents generated by the wings.
Conserving energy is necessary for the birds to survive the long journey.
How do the birds know this?
It's truly amazing how the birds know this.
Why do birds fly in a V formation?to conserve energy.
Some birds migrate thousands of kilometers each year to deal with seasonal changes.
They have developed the ability to see the Earth's magnetic field.
This energy comes from the air currents generated by the wings.
Seasonal variations, for example, can be one of the greatest challenges for animals to overcome.
Overcoming such challenges is a great achievement, but hardly easy.
Conserving energy isnecessary for the birds tosurvive the longjourney.
Some birds migrate thousands of kilometers each year to deal with seasonal changes.
Conserving energy is necessary for the birds to survive the long journey.
This energy comes from the air currents generated by the wings.
Seasonal variations, for example, can be one of the greatest challenges for animals to overcome.
Overcoming such challenges is a great achievement, but hardly easy.
L5-U1-P4-2 Listening : Mysteries of Nature 2
Mysteries of Nature 2
Another amazing example of survival is the salmon.
Salmon spend most of their lives in the ocean, which is saltwater.
Yet, when it's time to breed, they do so in freshwater rivers.
Salmon can adapt their bodies to survive in both saltwater and freshwater.
When it's breeding time, they return to the same river where they were born.
It seems as if they have a built-in map that guides them for hundreds of miles.
Where do salmon spend most of their lives?- in the ocean
(1) Another amazing example of survival is the salmon.
(2) Salmon spend most of their lives in the ocean, which is saltwater.
(3) Yet, when it's time to breed, they do so in freshwater rivers.
(4) Salmon can adapt their bodies to survive in both saltwater and freshwater.
Once they leave the saltwater, they don't eat.
They are determined to finish their journey, despite the many obstacles.
They swim against strong currents, jump over waterfalls and try to escape the claws of hungry bears.
Many die along the way, but enough of them survive to breed and produce the next generation.
Once they have laid their eggs, they die, having completed their journey.
It seems that their purpose in life is just to reproduce.
What do they do after laying the eggs? - they die
They swimagainst strongcurrents, jump over waterfalls and try toescape the claws of hungrybears.
Migration takes animals to new, more favorable environments when the seasons change.
Some of these journeys are long and dangerous, along routes with no obvious landmarks.
The longest migration is that of the Arctic tern.
It flies from pole to pole, twice a year.
If a tern achieves its average lifespan of 20 years, the distance it has flown will be equivalent to a journey to the moon and back.
A landmark is something easy to see and remember, like ...a river or bay.
Some of thesejourneys are long and dangerous, alongroutes with noobvious landmarks.
Humans also migrate, but seldom if ever for seasonal variations.
Unfortunately, human migrations are often due to human activities.
Since the beginning of the 21st century, large scale migrations have become a global problem.
Millions of migrants have had to leave their countries and look for new homes.
Many have died along the way or lived as refugees in camps until they are admitted into a new country.
So the question remains as to how our global community will face these challenges.
Most human migrations are due to ...human activities.
Humans alsomigrate, but seldom ifever for seasonal variations. Unfortunately, human migrations areoften due to humanactivities.Since the beginning of the 21st century, large scale migrations have become a globalproblem. Millions ofmigrants have had to leave their countries andlook for new homes.
Salmon spend most of their lives in the ocean, which is saltwater.
It seems that their purpose in life is just to reproduce.
Unfortunately, human migrations are often due to human activities.
Since the beginning of the 21st century, large scale migrations have become a global problem.
Some of these journeys are long and dangerous, along routes with no obvious landmarks.
L5-U1-P4-3 Vocabulary : Social Relations
Social Relations
Tocriticizesomeone is to point out their faults or mistakes.
Some people appreciate constructive criticism, which can help them develop their skills.
Some people cannottakeanycriticismwithout feelinghurt.
Learning how toprovide and take constructivecriticism is an importantskill.
Topraisesomeone is to let them know that they have done a good job.
Some people expect to be praised when they have performed well.
Knowing when andhowtopraisesomeone is an importantskill.
It’s important not topraise people when they haven’tdone a good enoughjob.
Toapologizeto someone is to admit that you have done something wrong or hurtful.
One way to apologize is to say you are sorry.
If your apology isn't accepted, it means the person hasn't forgiven you.
If youaccidentally hurtsomeone it's usually a goodideatoapologize.
If someonerejects yourapology, it means they haven’tforgiven you.
Toforgive someone is toaccept theirapology.
Toorderpeople to do something means to use your power or position to get them to do it.
Many people dislike being ordered to do things.
In many cases, it's better to make a request than order someone to do something.
A boss mayorderhisemployeesto do something and they will usuallyagreeto do it,evenif they don't want to.
If someone doesn’tfollow orders, he or she may bepunished.
Toencouragesomeone is to support their efforts and help build their confidence.
A good teacher encourages students to do their best.
Todiscouragesomeone is to take away their confidence.
Some people arediscouragedif they don'treveivepraise orrecognitionfor theirwork.
An example of an order:"Get me some tea"
Some peopleappreciateconstructivecriticism, whichcan help themdeveloptheir skills.
Many people dislikebeing orderded todo things.
Some people cannot take any criticism without feeling hurt.
If someone rejects your apology, it means they haven’t forgiven you.
If someone doesn’t follow orders, he or she may be punished.
To encourage someone is to support their efforts and help build their confidence.
A boss may order his employees to do something and they will usually agree to do it, even if they don't want to.
It’sdiscouraging to work for someone who nevershows appreciation for your hardwork.
To take away someone's confidence means "to discourage".
A nice way to communicate or order is to phrased as "a request".
To admit that you have done something wrong or hurtful isto apologize.
If you have done a good job, you can expect to bepraised.
To point out the mistakes in someone's work isto criticize.
An example of a request: - "Could I have some tea?"
Some peopleexpect to bepraised when they haveperformed well.
To encourage someone is tosupport theirefforts and helpbuild theirconfidence.
Knowing when and how to praise someone is an important skill.
One way to apologize is to say you are sorry.
A good teacher encourages students to do their best.
Some people are discouraged if they don't receive respect or recognition for their work.
A boss may use a request instead of a command as a way to show respect to an employee.
L5-U1-P4-4 Vocabulary : Science Vocaluary
Science Vocaluary
There are many differentcyclesin nature, such as the cycle of seasons.
A cycle is a series of events that repeat, such as the daily cycle of light and dark.
The time it takes for acycle torepeat itself it its period.
The number of times a cyycle repeats itself within a period of time is its frequency.
Toevolvemeans to change or improve over a period of time.
In biology, the theory of evolution says that advanced life forms, such as humans, have evolved from lower forms of life.
Life formsevolve because they have toadapt inorder tosurvive.
According to science we have all evolved from simple one-called organisms.
A force ofattractionbrings two objects closer together, such as the force of gravity.
A force of repulsion pushes two objects away from each other, such as the force between two electrons.
Gravity is aforce ofattraction between twoobjects withmass.
If two people are attracted to each other they want to be together.
Totransformmeans to change from one form into another.
A transformation occurs when an object takes on a new appearance or structure.
Over a period of time, theprocess of evolution cantransform theappearance of species of life.
A good leader can transofrm an unsuccessful company into a successful one by changing how it is organized.
In marriage, a wife's attempt to transform the behavior of her husband is often unsuccessful.
Toinheritsomething means to get it without having to ask or work for it.
A child from a very rich family may inherit a lot of money.
He inherited a large fortune when his parents died, so he doesn't have to work anymore.
A good friend of mine has never had to work, because evenint he has is inherited.
Eye and haircolor areinherited traits.
To change or improve over a period of time meansto evolve.
To change from one form into another meansto transform.
To receive something without having to work for it meansto inherit.
What kind of force brings things together? -A force of attraction
What is a series of events that repeat itself?-A cycle
A goodleader cantransform an unsuccessful companyinto asuccessful one by changing how it isorganized.
A force ofattraction brings two objectscloser together, such as the force ofgravity.
(1) There are many different kinds of forces.
(2) There are forces of attraction, such as the force between positive and negative electric charges.
(3) There are also forces of repulsion.
(4) For example, two objects with the same electric charge will repel each other.
There are many different cycles in nature, such as the cycle of seasons.
Life forms evolve because they have to adapt in order to survive.
If two people are attracted to each other, they want to be together.
A force of attraction brings two objects closer together, such as the force of gravity.
A good leader can transform an unsuccessful company into a successful one by changing how it is organized.
L5-U1-P4-5 Dialogue : Handling Office Confiicts
Handling Office Confiicts
(W: Woman B: Boss K: Kevin)
W: Excuse me, do you have a minute?
B: I'm sorry, not right now. I'll be free in about 15 minutes. Could you come back then?
W: No, I'm afraid we have an emergency upstairs.
B: Can't you handle it?
W: No, I think it would be best if you were there.
B: OK, I'll finish this call and be right with you.
What's the problem? - They have an emergency upstairs.
(1) Excuse me, do you have a minute?
(2) I'm sorry, not right now.
(3) I'll be free in about 15 minutes.
(4) Could you come back then?
B: OK, what is it?
W: Kevin and Bob are shouting at each other, and it's upsetting everyone.
B: Oh, not again. Those two have got to grow up. Who started it?
W: I'm not sure, but they were even pushing each other.
In this case, "they have to grow up" means ...to act like adults and not children.
Kevin and Bob areshouting ateach other, and it'supsetting everyone.
B: OK, this is unacceptable. You run on ahead and warn them that I'm coming. I want them to calm down before I get there. Can you do that?
W: OK, I'll do what I can to calm them down. But you know Kevin, he is such a hot head.
"Kevin is a hot head" means "he can't control his emotions".
Excuse me, do you have a minute?
Those two have got to grow up.
I want them to calm down before I get there.
Kevin and Bob are shouting at each other, and it's upsetting everyone.
I'm not sure, but they were even pushing each other.
B: OK, Kevin, I've warned you before. This has got to stop.
K: Yes, I know. But Bob doesn't cooperate. He is impossible to work with.
B: Even so, you can't go around pushing people. That's no way to handle things. If you weren't doing such a good job, I'd have to let you go right now. Your behavior just isn't acceptable.
"To let him go" means...to fire him.
K: Yeah, I understand and I'm sorry. I just can't stand working with him.
B: I'm not sure what to do. What would you do if you were me? Do you have any suggestions?
K: To be honest, if I were you, I wouldn't have the two of us work in the same office. I know Bob has been with the company longer than I have, but he's doing a terrible job. When you are not around, he just bullies people. People are afraid of him.
Why people are afraid of Bob? - He acts like a bully.
How does Kevin feel about working with Bob?-He can't stand it.
B: OK, I'll look into it a bit more. But you've got to promise me to keep cool and not let this happen again.
K: OK, I'll try to handle things differently next time.
He'll "look into it" a bit more means...he's going to get more information.
Even so, you can't go around pushing people.
I just can't stand working with him.
Do you have any suggestions?
Kevin thinks Bob doesn't cooperate and is difficult to work with.
If you weren't doing such a good job, I'd have to let you go right now.
