Given any string of N (>=5) characters, you are asked to form the characters into the shape of U. For example, "helloworld" can be printed as:
h d
e l
l r
lowo
That is, the characters must be printed in the original order, starting top-down from the left vertical line with n1 characters, then left to right along the bottom line with n2 characters, and finally bottom-up along the vertical line with n3 characters. And more, we would like U to be as squared as possible -- that is, it must be satisfied that n1 = n3 = max { k| k <= n2 for all 3 <= n2 <= N } with n1 + n2 + n3 - 2 = N.
Input Specification:
Each input file contains one test case. Each case contains one string with no less than 5 and no more than 80 characters in a line. The string contains no white space.
Output Specification:
For each test case, print the input string in the shape of U as specified in the description.
Sample Input:
helloworld!
Sample Output:
h !
e d
l l
lowor
------------------------------------------------ 我是分割线--------------------------------------------
此题关键是理解n1 = n3 = max { k| k <= n2 for all 3 <= n2 <= N } with n1 + n2 + n3 - 2 = N这句数学表达式,简单描述就是满足n1 + n2 + n3 - 2 = N的情况下,n1(= n3)取 <= n2的最大值,用python描述就是n1 = n3 = (N + 2) // 3,n2 = N + 2 - 2 * n1。用代码实现就很简单了:
def ustring(seq):
n = len(seq)
n1 = (n + 2) // 3
snum = n - n1 * 2 # U形每一行之间的空格数,等价于 n2 -2
for i in range(n1 - 1):
print(seq[i], seq[n - 1 - i], sep=' ' * snum)
print(seq[n1 - 1:-(n1 - 1)])
测试一下:
ustring('123456789000987654321')
结果:
1 1
2 2
3 3
4 4
5 5
6 6
789000987
中间加个0再试:
ustring('1234567890000987654321')
看看有什么变化:
1 1
2 2
3 3
4 4
5 5
6 6
7 7
89000098