1.形容词的用法
叙述用法→放be动词或连缀动词之后,补充说明主语。
例:1. He is old and sick. (他又老又病。)
2. Mark became hungry after two hours' work. (在工作两小时后,Mark变得很饿。)
3. Sea water tastes salty. (海水尝起来咸咸的。)
限定用法→修饰名词
◎形容词+名词
例:1. a useful book (一本有用的书) 2. physical education (体育)
注意:若有两个或以上的形容词修饰同一个名词,其次序是:
限词+数量+品质+性质、状态+名词
注:其中限词包括所有格、冠词、this、that;
表性质、状态的形容词顺序为大小、形状→颜色、新旧→材料、地点
例:1. an expensive gold watch
2.this red silk tie
3.five tall strong Korean boys
4.a few useful oblong black boxes
◎something…等+形容词
an important thing (一件重要的事) something important (某件重要的事)
例:1. He eats nothing sweet. (甜的东西他一概不吃。)
2. Something terrible is about to happen. (某件可怕的事即将要发生。)
注意:
国名 某国的(形容词) 语言 全国人民(复数)
China Chinese Chinese the Chinese
Japan Japanese Japanese the Japanese
Korea Korean Korean the Koreans
France French French the French
Germany German German the Germans
Spain Spanish Spanish the Spanish
2.表示数量的形容词
many+可数复数名词(许多)
much+不可数名词(许多)
注意:a lot of 及lots of 后两者都可以接,即可数复数名词及不可数名词。
例:1. Did he make many mistakes on the test? (他考试犯了许多错误吗?)
2. Is there much wine in the bottle? (瓶子里有许多酒吗?)
a few+可数复数名词(一些)
a little+不可数名词(一些)
注意:some(一些) 后两者都可以接,即可数复数名词及不可数名词。
例:1. These were a few children in the yard at that time. (那时有些小朋友在院子里。)
2. I gave her a little trouble. (我给她添了一些麻烦。)
few+可数复数名词(很少;几乎没有)相当于 not many
little+不可数名词(很少;几乎没有)相当于 not much
例:1. He is a man of few words. (他是个话不多的人。)
2. There is little hope of his recovery. (他几乎没有复原的希望。)
some(一些),用于肯定句
any(任何),用于否定句,疑问句
例:1. He collects some foreign stamps. (他收集了一些外国邮票。)
2. There is not any tea in the cup. (杯子里没有茶了。) 注意:not any =no.
注意:劝人吃东西,请人帮忙,或期待对方回答Yes时,问句里也可用some。
例:1. Would you like some wine? (想要些葡萄酒吗?)
2. May I have some more coffee? (我可以再要些咖啡吗?)
3.数词
基数 序数 基数 序数
1.one first (1st) 2.two second (2nd)
3.three third (3rd) 4.four fourth (4th)
5.five fifth (5th) 6.six sixth (6th)
7.seven seventh (7th) 8.eight eighth (8th)
9.nine ninth (9th) 10.ten tenth (l0th)
11. eleven eleventh (11th) 12. twelve twelfth (12th)
13~19:thirteen~nineteen →thirteenth~nineteenth
20~90:twenty~ninety→twentieth~ninetieth
若是除上述以外的两位数,它们的序数表现方式为基数+序数
例:twenty-one→twenty-first
数的读法
△整数 注意:英语中没有“万”这个单位,如1,000,000,000 。每个逗号代表一个数的单位,从左到右分别是,billion、million、thousand。
例:1. 12,345→ twelve thousand three hundred (and) forty-five 注:and 可省略
2. 3,874,516→ three million eight hundred seventy-four thousand five hundred sixteen
△小数:小数点为point
例:1. 3.14→ three point one four
2. 27.08→ twenty-seven point zero eight 注意:zero 用o 也可以。
△分数:分子用基数表现,分母用序数表现。若分子超过1,则分母加s。
例:1.→ one third 2.→ two and three fourths
△年月日
例:1. 2000年→(the year) two thousand
2. 1984年7月4日→July four(th), nineteen eighty-four
△时刻
例:1. 6:15→six fifteen / a quarter past six
2. 7:30→seven thirty / half past seven
3. 8:59→eight fifty-nine / one to nine
△温度
例:1.摄氏25或25°C→twenty-five degrees centigrade/Celsius
2.华氏93或93°F→ninety-three degrees Fahrenheit
△电话号码
例:2834-7509→ two eight three four, seven five zero nine
数词的惯用表现
△hundreds / thousands / millions of…数以百/千/百万计的……
例:1. He has one hundred kinds of stamps. (他有100种邮票。)
注意:hundred前面有数字时,hundred不用加s。
2. Hundreds of children gathered in the playground. (数以百计的小朋友聚集在运动场。)
△in + one's / the +数词的复数形
例:1. She is in her twenties / teens. (她20几岁/ 10几岁。)
2. There was an antiwar movement in the nineteen-sixties. (在1960年代有一项反战运动。)
注意:nineteen-sixties,即1960s,表示1960~1969年,即1960年代。
△数词-单数名词=形容词 注意:数词-单数名词中的“-”为连字号。
例:1. It's only a ten-minute walk from here to the station. (从这里走路到车站只要十分钟路程。)
2. The young man married a 70-year-old woman. (那年轻人娶了一位70岁的女士。)