背景：业务提出需求,希望数据部门可以开发一个小工具,帮助他们能够自动化下载某一特定主题邮件的附件,研究了很多种方法,记录下使用zmail+多线程的方式收取邮件。

import zmail
import queue
import threading
import pandas as pd
import os 
from datetime import date, datetime, timedelta

q =queue.Queue()
results,threads,subject,ids,threads1=[],[],[],[],[]
tb=subject=pd.DataFrame()
run_time = datetime.strftime(datetime.now(), "%Y-%m-%d")

def get_subject_zmail(i):
    server = zmail.server('xxxxx@.com','xxxxx',config='ali')
    mail = server.get_headers(start_index=i,end_index=i+9)   ####根据邮件索引取邮件heders信息
    q.put(mail)
    
for i in range(0,2900,10):###2900是邮箱邮件数
    t = threading.Thread(target=get_subject_zmail, args=(i,))
    t.start()
    threads.append(t)
for i in threads:
    i.join()

while not q.empty():
    results = results + q.get()  ####把所有邮件头部存成列表
    

for index,result in enumerate(results):  ###解析邮件主题并进行判断
    value=result.get('Subject')
    date=str(result.get('date')).split()[0] 
    if value.find('工资条')> -1 and date >= '2018-08-01':   ###选择主题和时间范围
        tb.loc[index,"id"]=result.get('id') ###拿到邮件的id值
        tb.loc[index,"主题"]=value
        tb.loc[index,"时间"]=date
            
print("邮件搜索成功")



def save_file(i):
    server = zmail.server('xxxxx@.com','xxxxx',config='ali')
    mail_file= server.get_mail(int(i))
    attachment=mail_file.get('attachments')  ###获取附件信息
    if attachment:
        if attachment[0][0].split(".")[1] in ("png","jepg","jpg"):   ####指定附件类型
            path = r"F:/work/test/file/{0}_email_file_{1}_1".format(int(i),run_time)
            os.makedirs(path)
            zmail.save_attachment(mail_file,target_path=path,overwrite=True)
    
    
if tb.shape[0]==0:
    print("未查找到符合条件的邮件")
else:
    for i in list(tb['id']):###传入符合条件的邮件id并保存附件
        t1 = threading.Thread(target=save_file, args=(i,))
        t1.start()
        threads1.append(t1)
    for i in threads1:
        i.join()
                
print('附件保存成功')