参考：https://blog.csdn.net/a657281084/article/details/49490069
https://my.oschina.net/hongjunzhan/blog/1553158
1.下载安装OracleXE
2.检查oracleXE和TNS服务是否启动 （若TNS无法启动，则检查环境变量的ORACLE_HOME，修改为oracle安装目录）
3.配置好listener.ora，tnsnames.ora
4.配置好环境变量TSN_ADMIN，NLS_LANG，ORACLE_HOME等
5.常见问题
(1) ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
ORA-27101: shared memory realm does not exist
解决：startup
（2）执行startup时又报错：
SQL> startup
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
ORA-01565: error in identifying file 'C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\product\11.2.0\server\dbs/spfileXE.ora'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
OSD-04002: unable to open file
O/S-Error: (OS 2) The system cannot find the file specified.
原因：dbs目录下缺少spfileXE.ora
解决：create spfile='D:\oraclexe\app\oracle\product\11.2.0\server\dbs/spfileXE.ora' FROM pfile='D:\oraclexe\app\oracle\product\11.2.0\server\config\scripts\init.ora';
参考：http://www.orafaq.com/usenet/comp.databases.oracle.server/2005/12/14/1026.htm
（3）处理完以上两部后，执行SQL> startup 又有报错：ORA-00205: ?????????, ??????, ???????
百度为文件损坏：参考http://blog.itpub.net/29876893/viewspace-1623346/
未解决，目前已经启动示例，问题遗留
