本文的分析基于RxJava1.1.5版本,flatMap是为了一对多的转换而设计的,具体的实现运用了merge和map的操作,而最终也还是基于了lift()方法,是转换的思想,下面是具体的分析
1、首先创建一个简单的例子,代码如下
final List<Student> students = new ArrayList<>();
List<Course> jayList = new ArrayList<>();
jayList.add(new Course("语文", "何炅"));
jayList.add(new Course("英语", "谢娜"));
jayList.add(new Course("物理", "何时风"));
students.add(new Student(1, "周杰伦", jayList));
List<Course> jjList = new ArrayList<>();
jjList.add(new Course("数学", "邓军权"));
jjList.add(new Course("生物", "摇风"));
jjList.add(new Course("物理", "何时风"));
jjList.add(new Course("语文", "何炅"));
students.add(new Student(2, "林俊杰", jjList));
List<Course> luhanList = new ArrayList<>();
luhanList.add(new Course("英语", "谢娜"));
luhanList.add(new Course("生物", "摇风"));
luhanList.add(new Course("语文", "何炅"));
students.add(new Student(3, "鹿晗", luhanList));
Observable.create(new Observable.OnSubscribe<Student>() {
@Override
public void call(Subscriber<? super Student> subscriber) {
for (Student s : students) {
subscriber.onNext(s);
}
}
}).flatMap(new Func1<Student, Observable<Course>>() {
@Override
public Observable<Course> call(Student student) {
Log.e("TAG", "学生名称为:" + student.getName());
return Observable.from(student.getmList());
}
}).subscribe(new Subscriber<Course>() {
@Override
public void onCompleted() {
Log.e("TAG", "---onComplete()------");
}
@Override
public void onError(Throwable e) {
Log.e("TAG", "---onError()------");
}
@Override
public void onNext(Course course) {
Log.e("TAG", "课程名称为:" + course.getCourseName() + ", 任课老师为:" + course.getTechName());
}
});
以上用到的Student类还有Course类如下
class Student {
private int id;
private String name;
private List<Course> mList;
public Student(int id, String name, List<Course> mList) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.mList = mList;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public List<Course> getmList() {
return mList;
}
public void setmList(List<Course> mList) {
this.mList = mList;
}
}
class Course {
private String courseName;
private String techName;
public Course(String courseName, String techName) {
this.courseName = courseName;
this.techName = techName;
}
public String getCourseName() {
return courseName;
}
public void setCourseName(String courseName) {
this.courseName = courseName;
}
public String getTechName() {
return techName;
}
public void setTechName(String techName) {
this.techName = techName;
}
}
2、下面是具体的分析
首先进入到flatMap()方法中,flatMap的代码如下
public final <R> Observable<R> flatMap(Func1<? super T, ? extends Observable<? extends R>> func) {
if (getClass() == ScalarSynchronousObservable.class) {
return ((ScalarSynchronousObservable<T>)this).scalarFlatMap(func);
}
return merge(map(func));
}
判断直接跳过,主要看返回值,返回值调用了merge()方法,并且以map()方法的返回值作为参数,那么我们首先进入到map()方法中看看
public final <R> Observable<R> map(Func1<? super T, ? extends R> func) {
return lift(new OperatorMap<T, R>(func));
}
这个方法中将会调用以func1对象为参数,创建OperatorMap对象,然后将OperatorMap对象作为参数调用lift()方法,那么进入到lift()方法看看
public final <R> Observable<R> lift(final Operator<? extends R, ? super T> operator) {
return new Observable<R>(new OnSubscribeLift<T, R>(onSubscribe, operator));
}
这个方法中将以初始被观察者对象中的onSubscribe(本文中我们将初始被观察者对象称为ob_init,将ob_init中的onSubscribe称为onSub_init)和OperatorMap对象为参数创建第一个OnSubscribeLift对象(称为onSublift_one),同时以onSublift_one为参数创建新的被观察者对象(称为ob_one),那么到此map完毕,它将将ob_one返回作为merge()方法的参数,那么下面进入到merge()方法中
public static <T> Observable<T> merge(Observable<? extends Observable<? extends T>> source) {
if (source.getClass() == ScalarSynchronousObservable.class) {
return ((ScalarSynchronousObservable<T>)source).scalarFlatMap((Func1)UtilityFunctions.identity());
}
return source.lift(OperatorMerge.<T>instance(false));
}
在merge()方法中,前面判断忽略,直接看返回值,发现它将用ob_one去调用lift()方法,并且会创建OperatorMerge对象作为lift()方法的参数,那么通过看前面lift()方法的作用,我们可以知道,它将会以OperatorMerge对象和ob_one中的onSubscribe作为参数再次创建新的OnSubscribeLift对象(称为onSublift_merge),同时会以onSublift_merge作为参数,再次创建新的被观察者对象(称为ob_merge),那么现在我们就可以知道,flatMap()方法的最终返回值为ob_merge对象,那么下面ob_merge将会调用订阅方法subscribe(),并且会传入初始观察者对象(称为sub_init),那么下面进入到subscribe()中看看
public final Subscription subscribe(Subscriber<? super T> subscriber) {
return Observable.subscribe(subscriber, this);
}
static <T> Subscription subscribe(Subscriber<? super T> subscriber, Observable<T> observable) {
if (subscriber == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("observer can not be null");
}
if (observable.onSubscribe == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("onSubscribe function can not be null.");
}
// new Subscriber so onStart it
subscriber.onStart();
if (!(subscriber instanceof SafeSubscriber)) {
// assign to `observer` so we return the protected version
subscriber = new SafeSubscriber<T>(subscriber);
}
try {
// allow the hook to intercept and/or decorate
hook.onSubscribeStart(observable, observable.onSubscribe).call(subscriber);
return hook.onSubscribeReturn(subscriber);
} catch (Throwable e) {
异常忽略...
}
}
subscribe()最终会调用静态的subscribe()方法,传入的参数为sub_init对象和ob_merge对象,忽略掉前面的判断直接到hook.onSubscribeStart(observable,observable.onSubscribe).call(subscriber)这一句,在这里onSubscribeStart方法将原路返回传入的observable.onSubscribe,那么传入的传入的observable.onSubscribe其实就是ob_merge中的onSubscribe,那么它调用的call()方法应该就是onSublift_merge对象中的call()方法,也就是OnSubscribeLift类中的call()方法,传入的参数为sub_init,下面进入到该call()方法看看
public void call(Subscriber<? super R> o) {
try {
Subscriber<? super T> st = hook.onLift(operator).call(o);
try {
// new Subscriber created and being subscribed with so 'onStart' it
st.onStart();
parent.call(st);
} catch (Throwable e) {
// localized capture of errors rather than it skipping all operators
// and ending up in the try/catch of the subscribe method which then
// prevents onErrorResumeNext and other similar approaches to error handling
Exceptions.throwIfFatal(e);
st.onError(e);
}
} catch (Throwable e) {
Exceptions.throwIfFatal(e);
// if the lift function failed all we can do is pass the error to the final Subscriber
// as we don't have the operator available to us
o.onError(e);
}
}
在这个方法中,onLift()方法将会将传入的参数原路返回,也就是返回值就是传入的operator,这个operator就是在创建onSublift_merge对象时保存的operator,也就是OperatorMerge对象,那么也就是会调用OperatorMerge对象中的call()方法,传入的参数是sub_init,下面进入到OperatorMerge对象中的call()方法
@Override
public Subscriber<Observable<? extends T>> call(final Subscriber<? super T> child) {
MergeSubscriber<T> subscriber = new MergeSubscriber<T>(child, delayErrors, maxConcurrent);
MergeProducer<T> producer = new MergeProducer<T>(subscriber);
subscriber.producer = producer;
child.add(subscriber);
child.setProducer(producer);
return subscriber;
}
在这个方法中的主要作用就是将sub_init对象进行包装,重新创建一个观察者对象(称为sub_merge),并且返回该对象,那么在OnSubscribeLift类中的call()方法中的Subscriber<? super T> st = hook.onLift(operator).call(o)这个操作所创建的观察者对象就为sub_merge,接着call()方法会执行,parent.call(st),这里传入的参数就是sub_merge,但是这里需要特别注意,parent的值为ob_one对象中的onSubscribe,也就是在利用map()方法创建的被观察者对象中的onSubscribe,那么它调用的call()方法就是OnSubscribeLift类中的call()方法,所以程序将再次执行OnSubscribeLift类中的call()方法,这次传入的参数是sub_merge,那么这次的operator就是OperatorMap对象,那么它以sub_merge为参数调用call()方法,调用的就是OperatorMap类中的方法,下面进入到该方法
@Override
public Subscriber<? super T> call(final Subscriber<? super R> o) {
MapSubscriber<T, R> parent = new MapSubscriber<T, R>(o, transformer);
o.add(parent);
return parent;
}
在这个方法中,将会以sub_merge和func1对象(transformer保存的就是func1对象)为参数创建新的观察者对象(称为sub_one),并且返回,那么在OnSubscribeLift类中的call()方法中返回的对象将是sub_one,那么继续往下执行,将再次来到parent.call(st),那么这次的st就是sub_one,parent就是ob_init对象中的onSubscribe,也就是初始被观察者对象中的onSubscribe,那么它调用的call()方法,将会回到一下代码
public void call(Subscriber<? super Student> subscriber) {
for (Student s : students) {
subscriber.onNext(s);
}
}
现在的观察者对象已经是sub_one,那么它调用的onNext()方法就是OperatorMap类中的静态内部类MapSubscriber中的onNext()方法,那么进入到该方法
@Override
public void onNext(T t) {
R result;
try {
result = mapper.call(t);
} catch (Throwable ex) {
Exceptions.throwIfFatal(ex);
unsubscribe();
onError(OnErrorThrowable.addValueAsLastCause(ex, t));
return;
}
actual.onNext(result);
}
在这个方法中,主要就是result = mapper.call(t)这个操作,这里的mapper就是func1对象,那么func1对象调用的call()方法有回到了我们开始flatMap中的回调call()方法,它将会返回一个Observable对象,那么接着会调用actual.onNext(result),这里的actual就是sub_merge对象,也就是OperatorMerge类中创建的MergeSubscriber对象,那么调用它的onNext()方法,我们进入到它的onNext()方法看看,传入的参数是func1对象返回的Observable对象
@Override
public void onNext(Observable<? extends T> t) {
if (t == null) {
return;
}
if (t == Observable.empty()) {
emitEmpty();
} else
if (t instanceof ScalarSynchronousObservable) {
tryEmit(((ScalarSynchronousObservable<? extends T>)t).get());
} else {
InnerSubscriber<T> inner = new InnerSubscriber<T>(this, uniqueId++);
addInner(inner);
t.unsafeSubscribe(inner);
emit();
}
}
在这个方法中,忽略掉前面的判断,直接进入else分析,这里InnerSubscriber<T> inner = new InnerSubscriber<T>(this, uniqueId++)将会以sub_merge和uniqueId为参数再次创建一个观察者对象(称为inner_sub),然后t.unsafeSubscribe(inner)这个操作,因为t为func1对象所返回的Observable对象,所以将会将inner_sub为参数,调用unsafeSubscribe()方法,那么进入到unsafeSubscribe()方法
public final Subscription unsafeSubscribe(Subscriber<? super T> subscriber) {
try {
// new Subscriber so onStart it
subscriber.onStart();
// allow the hook to intercept and/or decorate
hook.onSubscribeStart(this, onSubscribe).call(subscriber);
return hook.onSubscribeReturn(subscriber);
} catch (Throwable e) {
// special handling for certain Throwable/Error/Exception types
Exceptions.throwIfFatal(e);
// if an unhandled error occurs executing the onSubscribe we will propagate it
try {
subscriber.onError(hook.onSubscribeError(e));
} catch (Throwable e2) {
Exceptions.throwIfFatal(e2);
// if this happens it means the onError itself failed (perhaps an invalid function implementation)
// so we are unable to propagate the error correctly and will just throw
RuntimeException r = new RuntimeException("Error occurred attempting to subscribe [" + e.getMessage() + "] and then again while trying to pass to onError.", e2);
// TODO could the hook be the cause of the error in the on error handling.
hook.onSubscribeError(r);
// TODO why aren't we throwing the hook's return value.
throw r;
}
return Subscriptions.unsubscribed();
}
}
在这个方法中主要看hook.onSubscribeStart(this, onSubscribe).call(subscriber)这里,这里的onSubscribe就是func1对象返回的Observable对象中的onSubscribe,所以调用它的call()方法,那么在这个call()方法中肯定会调用subscribe.onNext()方法,那么这个subscriber就是传进来的参数,也就是inner_sub,那么将会调用inner_sub中的onNext()方法,也就是InnerSubscriber类中的onNext()方法,下面进入到该方法
public void onNext(T t) {
parent.tryEmit(this, t);
}
在这个方法中的parent就是创建inner_sub时的传入的父级观察者对象,也就是MergeSubscriber对象,也就是sub_merge,那么调用该对象的tryEmit()方法,下面进入该方法,传入的参数是inner_sub,t ( t为最终输出的数据)
void tryEmit(T value) {
boolean success = false;
long r = producer.get();
if (r != 0L) {
synchronized (this) {
// if nobody is emitting and child has available requests
r = producer.get();
if (!emitting && r != 0L) {
emitting = true;
success = true;
}
}
}
if (success) {
emitScalar(value, r);
} else {
queueScalar(value);
}
}
这里的关键句在 emitScalar(value, r)这里,它将会将最终需要输出的值和r作为参数调用emitScalar()方法,下面进入到emitScalar()方法
protected void emitScalar(T value, long r) {
boolean skipFinal = false;
try {
try {
child.onNext(value);
} catch (Throwable t) {
if (!delayErrors) {
Exceptions.throwIfFatal(t);
skipFinal = true;
this.unsubscribe();
this.onError(t);
return;
}
getOrCreateErrorQueue().offer(t);
}
if (r != Long.MAX_VALUE) {
producer.produced(1);
}
int produced = scalarEmissionCount + 1;
if (produced == scalarEmissionLimit) {
scalarEmissionCount = 0;
this.requestMore(produced);
} else {
scalarEmissionCount = produced;
}
// check if some state changed while emitting
synchronized (this) {
skipFinal = true;
if (!missed) {
emitting = false;
return;
}
missed = false;
}
} finally {
if (!skipFinal) {
synchronized (this) {
emitting = false;
}
}
}
emitLoop();
}
在这个方法中的最主要的操作就是child.onNext(value)这个了,在这里,终于看到了child,这个child就是初始的观察者,也就是我们一开始创建的观察者,那么它调用onNext()方法就是以下代码
public void onNext(Course course) {
Log.e("TAG", "课程名称为:" + course.getCourseName() + ", 任课老师为:" + course.getTechName());
}
这个方法就是我们自己创建观察者对象时的回调方法,就是最终的调用方法,到这里,整个流程也就打通了,因为这是正常情况下的流程,所以忽略了很多的判断和特殊的情况,最后,这个过程实在是有点复杂,所以,可能描写的有点乱,望见谅