Act 1
Scene 2
C准许了L回法国的请求。他问Hamlet为何如此悲伤。G力劝Hamlet停止为父亲的死而悲痛。Hamlet答道他的哀恸是发自内心。
**Claudius. ** Take thy fair hour, Laertes. Time be thine,
And thy best graces[^1] spend it at thy will!
[^1]: thy best graces: your good characteristics
But now, my cousin Hamlet, and my son-
Hamlet. [aside] A little more than kin, and less than kind!
Claudius. How is it that the clouds still hang on you?
Hamlet. Not so, my lord. I am too much i' th' sun.
Gertrude. Good Hamlet, cast thy nighted colour off,
And let thine eye look like a friend on Denmark. [1]
Do not for ever with thy vailed lids[^3]
[^3]: vailed lids: downcast eyes
Seek for thy noble father in the dust.
Thou know'st 'tis common. All that lives must die,
Passing through nature to eternity.
Hamlet. Ay, madam, it is common.
Gertrude. If it be,
Why seems it so particular with thee?
Hamlet.
'Tis not alone my inky cloak, good mother,
Nor customary suits of solemn black,
Nor windy suspiration of forc'd breath,
No, nor the fruitful river in the eye,
Nor the dejected havior of the visage,
Together with all forms, moods, shapes of grief,
'That can denote me truly. These indeed seem,
For they are actions that a man might play;
But I have that within which passeth show-
These but the trappings and the suits of woe.```
>
**Claudius. **'Tis sweet and commendable in your nature, Hamlet,
To give these mourning duties to your father;
But you must know, your father lost a father;
That father lost, lost his, and the survivor bound
In filial[^5] obligation for some term
[^5]: filial: a son's duty
To do obsequious sorrow. But to persever
In obstinate condolement is a course
Of impious [^6]stubbornness. 'Tis unmanly grief;
[^6]: impious: unholy
>
##练习
`languange`
你会在此处发现Hamlet 说的每句话都表现出他对于语言极为敏锐。他仔细倾听别人对他说的每一句话，并且对于玩弄他听到的词藻，使用双关，将这些词语赋予不同的内容和意义。
1. Hamlet立刻抓住了Claudius 使用 “cousin"和”son"中暗指他们之间的亲属关系（kinship），他憎恨Claudius通过和他母亲结婚而产生的亲属关系。他第一句话就使用了“kin"和”kind"的双关，说他感到关系太近，并且和继父并没有共同之处。他第二句用了“sun"和”son"的双关，再一次否认了他和Claudius 的亲近关系。
练习此段台词的不同表演方式：对自己？对观众？语气是嘲弄的？仇恨的？
**Aside 是旁白，不能被其他角色听见。**
> Not so, my lord. I am too much i' th' sun.
这句应该重读哪些词，以表示Hamlet强调对亲属关系的质疑？
2. Hamlet 抓住了Gertrude 话中的“seem", 并坚持他的外表与他的感觉相配。确实，他的黑衣和哀恸的举止只部分表现了他父亲的死。
缓慢大声朗读标注部分，每行后一停顿。在每次停顿出，另一人念“I know not seems”， 并在合适的地方加重语气。-
Denmark: the king (Claudius) ↩
