通常，我们通过研究、读书、体验或接受指导来学习，这是常规的学习方式。该做什么不该做什么？该想什么不该想什么？如何感受？如何做出反应？我们把这些都储存于记忆中。通过体验、研究、分析、探索、内省，我们把知识存储为记忆；当面对挑战与需求时，记忆做出回应，在这个过程中学到更多。我们所学的东西都存入记忆，成为知识。当我们面临挑战或必须行动时，知识库就发挥作用。

我认为，还有一种全然不同的学习方式，我来讲一下。但要想理解并运用这种方式，你必须彻底摆脱权威，否则你只能被权威引领，重复已经学过的东西。所以，理解权威的本质是非常重要的，心中若装着权威，就会阻碍你学习——我说的是真正的学习，而不是指堆积知识到记忆仓库，因为记忆总是按照模式做出回应，没有任何心灵的自由。一个人若背负着知识与教诲，被学识所累，那么他的心灵就绝不自由。也许他非常博学，但他的知识积累阻碍了他，不能获得心灵自由，因而不能真正地学习。

——克里希那穆提《生命书：365静心日课》（The Book of Life: Daily Meditations with Krishnamurti）

Authority Prevents Learning

We generally learn through study, through books, through experience, or through being instructed. Those are the usual ways of learning. We commit to memory what to do and what not to do, what to think and what not to think, how to feel, how to react. Through experience, through study, through analysis, through probing, through introspective examination, we store up knowledge as memory; and memory then responds to further challenges and demands, from which there is more and more learning…. What is learned is committed to memory as knowledge, and that knowledge functions whenever there is a challenge, or whenever we have to do something.

Now I think there is a totally different way of learning, and I am going to talk a little bit about it; but to understand it, and to learn in this different way, you must be completely rid of authority; otherwise, you will merely be instructed, and you will repeat what you have heard. That is why it is very important to understand the nature of authority. Authority prevents learning—learning that is not the accumulation of knowledge as memory. Memory always responds in patterns; there is no freedom. A man who is burdened with knowledge, with instructions, who is weighted down by the things he has learned, is never free. He may be most extraordinarily erudite, but his accumulation of knowledge prevents him from being free, and therefore he is incapable of learning.

JANUARY 14