Arup is predicting the robotisation of factories and the rapid advance of 3D printing in a new report calledRethinking the Factory, exploring the emerging trends andtechnologies in manufacturing.
奥雅纳在最新一份叫做《工厂反思》的报告中预测了工厂的机器人化以及3D打印的飞速发展，探索了制造业中的新趋势和新技术。
Developed by Arup’s Foresight + Research+ Innovation and Science and Industry teams, the report argues that widerutilisation of 3D printing – or additive manufacturing – will allowmanufacturing to move away from traditional sites and be more mobile anddispersed.
由奥雅纳前瞻，研究，创新，科学以及工业团队完成的报告认为3D打印技术的广泛应用或添加剂的制造技术将使制造业从传统的地点转移，变得更加移动和分散。
This will mean that factory locationsare likely to become both more varied and closer to consumers, usingnon-traditional spaces such as small offices in a city centre. For theconstruction sector, this will allow production to take place closer to the pointof use, lowering transport costs and emissions.
这就意味着工厂位置可能更加多变且更贴近消费者，并在市中心使用非传统空间比如小型办公场所。对于建设领域，可以在距离使用点更近的地方进行生产，降低运输费用和污染物排放。
Factories will be adaptable, withmodular building techniques enabling re-scaling and diversification ofproduction. This will also allow energy, water and material consumption to bemanaged more effectively, while producing an environment suited to the needs ofits highly skilled workforce.
工厂将适应于模块化建筑技术，可以保障重新扩大规模和生产的多样化。这同样也可以使能源，水和材料消耗的管理更加有效率，同时打造一个满足高技术劳动力需求的环境。
Duncan White, science and industryleader at Arup, commented: “The convergence of the physical and digital worldsmeans that manufacturers have to continue to adapt and adopt new processesquicker than ever before.
奥雅纳科学与工业领导人Duncan White评论道：“物理世界与数字世界的整合意味着生产者不得不比以往更快地适应并采取新的工艺。”
Increasing adoption of technology such as 3D printing will mean factoriescan move away from traditional sites
更多的使用类似3D打印等技术意味着工厂可以从传统的地点转移。
“While developing sustainable andresilient practices will be essential, having access to a skilled pool ofworkers will prove to be equally important and challenging as these changes aremade. As such, it is critical that companies and policy makers have acomprehensive understanding of the changing manufacturing landscape.”
“虽然发展可持续和柔性的经济十分有必要，但当做出这些改变时，获取一批技术雄厚的工人同样重要而且具有挑战性。因此，公司以及政策制定者对变化的制造业环境有一个综合的理解是十分关键的。”
The report goes on to suggest thatcollaboration between humans and robots will be the key to production in thefuture, with the integration of cameras and smart sensors already allowingrobots to respond to their environments.
报告同样表明人类与机器人之间的合作将是未来制造业的关键，数码摄像以及智能传感器的结合已经可以让机器人对环境做出响应。
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到2034年由于机器人进军制造业，将有35%的工作岗位消失。
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Becoming increasingly intuitive, robotswill be able to “learn” tasks after being shown a portion of it. The humanworkers will serve as robot supervisors, operating machinery and controllingsmart production processes such as systems management and data analysis, ratherthan participating in manual labour.
在被演示一部分后，机器人能够“学习”任务，这已经变得越来越直观。实际的工人将作为机器人的监督者，操作机器并控制智能生产程序，比如系统管理和数据分析，而不是参与人力劳动。
One side effect of the increasingtechnicality of future factories will be even greater competition for employeeswith STEM skills.
未来工厂技术持续发展的一个负面影响就是对于拥有STEM（科学，技术，工程，数学）技术的员工来说将会面临更大的挑战。
Beyond machines, the report looks at newmaterials that could improve product performance. Arup predicts the emergenceof self-healing, self-cleaning bio-inspired plastics, which are capable ofrepairing damage without human intervention. These technologies will extend thelifetime of manufactured goods and reduce demand for raw materials.
除了机器之外，报告还关注了能够提升产品性能的新材料。奥雅纳预测自我修复，自我净化仿生塑料的出现，可以在没有人类干预的情况下修复损伤。这项技术可以延长制造产品的使用寿命，并减少原材料的需求量。
It adds that tools such as BIM infactory design, planning and management will play a critical role in allowingmanufacturers to foresee and mitigate issues based on access to resources,location choices, weather risks and transportation needs.
报告还补充了工厂设计中的工具比如BIM，规划和管理将使制造商在基于资源的获取，位置的选择，气候风险以及运输需求来预见并缓解问题方面发挥关键的作用。
Factory design will also be more focusedon consumer experience, with the factory as a “showroom”. It also describes a“transparent factory” where more people get involved in making products or gaina closer insight into how products are manufactured, especially bespoke orcustomised products.
工厂设计也将更加关注消费者体验，将工厂作为一个“展厅”。它还描述了一种更多的人参与产品制造或者更加近距离的了解产品如何制造的“透明工厂”，特别是对于预约或定制产品。
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