iOS10增加了新的通知框架
UserNotifications，整合了本地通知和APNS，新的API使用起来特别舒服。这篇文章就大概介绍一下新的框架。
新的特性：
- 通知可以附加图片、音频、视频
- 可以对通知更新、删除
- 统一本地通知和APNS
权限申请
@import UserNotifications;
// 请求使用通知
[[UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter] requestAuthorizationWithOptions:UNAuthorizationOptionBadge | UNAuthorizationOptionSound | UNAuthorizationOptionAlert completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {
if (granted) {
//用户同意使用通知
}
}];
第一次调用这个方法时，会弹出一个系统弹窗。
UNNotification_author.png
要注意的是，一旦用户拒绝了这个请求，再次调用该方法也不会再进行弹窗，想要应用有机会接收到通知的话，用户必须自行前往系统的设置中为你的应用打开通知。
远程推送
用户同意了通知申请之后，就可以进行本地通知了。如果要进行远程推送，还需要获取token。然后服务器根据这个token，向Apple Push Notification Service服务器提交请求，然后APNS通过token识别用户，推送给用户。
//向APNS请求token
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerForRemoteNotifications];
//请求token成功
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:(NSData *)deviceToken {
}
通知权限
可以通知下面的这个方法，检查当前APP的通知权限。
[[UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter] getNotificationSettingsWithCompletionHandler:^(UNNotificationSettings * _Nonnull settings) {
}];
发送通知
// 创建通知
UNMutableNotificationContent *content = [[UNMutableNotificationContent alloc] init];
content.title = @"这是一条通知的标题";
content.body = @"这是一条通知的内容";
content.categoryIdentifier = @"ceshi";
// 创建发送触发
UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger *trigger = [UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger triggerWithTimeInterval:5 repeats:NO];
// 发送请求标识符
NSString *identifier = @"com.hanwei.firstNotificationIndentifier";
// 创建一个通知请求
UNNotificationRequest *request = [UNNotificationRequest requestWithIdentifier:identifier content:content trigger:trigger];
// 将请求添加到通知中心
[[UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter] addNotificationRequest:request withCompletionHandler:^(NSError * _Nullable error) {
if (!error) {
NSLog(@"通知添加成功");
}
}];
发送通知成功之后，就可以回到首页，或者锁屏查看了。
UNNotification_home.png
取消和更新通知
远程推送只能更新，不能取消已经展示过的通知。
取消
// 移除展示过的通知
dispatch_after(dispatch_time(DISPATCH_TIME_NOW, (int64_t)(6 * NSEC_PER_SEC)), dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
[[UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter] removeDeliveredNotificationsWithIdentifiers:@[identifier]];
});
//移除还未展示的通知
[[UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter] removePendingNotificationRequestsWithIdentifiers:@[identifier]];
更新
// 不管通知是否已经展示过，都可以根据标示进行通知的更新
dispatch_after(dispatch_time(DISPATCH_TIME_NOW, (int64_t)(8 * NSEC_PER_SEC)), dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
// NSLog(@"两秒钟后更新通知内容");
// 创建发送触发
UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger *trigger = [UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger triggerWithTimeInterval:2 repeats:NO];
UNMutableNotificationContent *content = [[UNMutableNotificationContent alloc] init];
content.title = @"这是一条通知的标题";
content.body = @"这是新的内容😀";
content.categoryIdentifier = @"ceshi";
// 创建一个通知请求
// 同一个标示的话就会覆盖之前的通知
UNNotificationRequest *request = [UNNotificationRequest requestWithIdentifier:identifier content:content trigger:trigger];
[[UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter] addNotificationRequest:request withCompletionHandler:^(NSError * _Nullable error) {
if (!error) {
NSLog(@"新的通知添加成功");
}
}];
});
通知处理
通知处理就是，处理用户直接和通知的交互。比如微信发过来一条消息，你可以直接在通知上进行回复，而不用打开微信app。
应用内展示通知
我们知道当APP在前台使用的过程中，在默认情况下，通知是没有任何提示的。但是要想有展示的效果，可以通过下面的代码设置。
// The method will be called on the delegate only if the application is in the foreground. If the method is not implemented or the handler is not called in a timely manner then the notification will not be presented. The application can choose to have the notification presented as a sound, badge, alert and/or in the notification list. This decision should be based on whether the information in the notification is otherwise visible to the user.
- (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center willPresentNotification:(UNNotification *)notification withCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UNNotificationPresentationOptions options))completionHandler
{
// 用户在前台使用APP的时候，收到通知，会调用此方法.
// 写这个回调代表，会在APP打开的情况下，弹出通知。
// 如果不复写次方法，或者`completionHandler();`，APP在前台收到通知将不会弹出提示。
completionHandler(UNNotificationPresentationOptionBadge | UNNotificationPresentationOptionSound | UNNotificationPresentationOptionAlert);
}
这是通知中的代理方法，需要先设置代理、签协议。<UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate>
To guarantee that your app is able to respond to actionable notifications, you must set the value of this property before your app finishes launching. For example, this means assigning a delegate object to this property in an iOS app’s
application:willFinishLaunchingWithOptions:orapplication:didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:method.
需要注意的是，这个代理必须要在程序启动之前设置好。一般在 application:didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:这个方法设置就可以。
// 设置代理
[[UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter] setDelegate:self];
处理用户和通知的交互
/**
设置通知上面的交互按钮
UNNotificationActionOptionAuthenticationRequired //操作这个按钮会先检查iPhone是否解锁
UNNotificationActionOptionDestructive //按钮会被高亮标记（红色）
UNNotificationActionOptionForeground // 点击按钮会将APP唤起
*/
UNNotificationAction *unlocking = [UNNotificationAction actionWithIdentifier:@"unlocking"
title:@"unlocking"
options:UNNotificationActionOptionAuthenticationRequired];
UNNotificationAction *destructive = [UNNotificationAction actionWithIdentifier:@"destructive"
title:@"destructive"
options:UNNotificationActionOptionDestructive];
UNNotificationAction *foreground = [UNNotificationAction actionWithIdentifier:@"foreground"
title:@"foreground"
options:UNNotificationActionOptionForeground];
UNTextInputNotificationAction *input = [UNTextInputNotificationAction actionWithIdentifier:@"text" title:@"text" options:UNNotificationActionOptionAuthenticationRequired textInputButtonTitle:@"text_btn" textInputPlaceholder:@"placeholder"];
// 注意：这里的category的标示如果和发送通知时，写的category标示不一样的时候，发过来的通知不会显示action！！！发送通知的时候可以不写标示。
// 我这里是，两边都写得 “ceshi”
UNNotificationCategory *category = [UNNotificationCategory categoryWithIdentifier:@"ceshi"
actions:@[unlocking, destructive, foreground, input] intentIdentifiers:@[@""]
options:UNNotificationCategoryOptionNone];
[[UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter] setNotificationCategories:[NSSet setWithObject:category]];
UNNotification_text_01.png
UNNotification_text_02.png
// The method will be called on the delegate when the user responded to the notification by opening the application, dismissing the notification or choosing a UNNotificationAction. The delegate must be set before the application returns from applicationDidFinishLaunching:.
- (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center didReceiveNotificationResponse:(UNNotificationResponse *)response withCompletionHandler:(void(^)())completionHandler
{
//当用户是通过和通知的交互进入app的时候，拿到通知对象。
UNNotificationContent *content = response.notification.request.content;
if ([content.categoryIdentifier isEqualToString:@"ceshi"]) {
if ([response.actionIdentifier isEqualToString:@"text"]) {
UNTextInputNotificationResponse *textResp = (UNTextInputNotificationResponse *)response;
NSLog(@"输入文字的内容是%@", textResp.userText);
}
else if ([response.actionIdentifier isEqualToString:@"unlocking"]) {
NSLog(@"unlocking");
}
else if ([response.actionIdentifier isEqualToString:@"destructive"]) {
NSLog(@"destructive");
}
else if ([response.actionIdentifier isEqualToString:@"foreground"]) {
NSLog(@"foreground");
}
}
completionHandler();
}
刚才我看评论，有一人问我是不是自己实践的😓,我都是自己尝试过，才发上去的，多谢大家支持。这里放上我的Demo
关于通知发送富文本部分，正在整理，等整理好了，我会继续补充！
2016-10-09补充：
多媒体通知已经更新：iOS10新特性-UserNotifications(二)
