前言
MQTT是轻量级基于代理的发布/订阅的消息传输协议,设计思想是开放、简单、轻量、易于实现。这些特点使它适用于受限环境。关于MQTT的详细介绍推荐这篇文章推荐文章
Apache apollo是一个代理服务器,其是在ActiveMQ基础上发展而来的,可以支持STOMP, AMQP, MQTT, Openwire, SSL, and WebSockets 等多种协议。运行apollo需要先配置JAVA_HOME
Apollo下载地址
paho是eclipse提供一个访问MQTT服务器的一种开源客户端库,其中提供7种不同平台的客户端类库,今天咱们以java客户端为例子演示
paho下载地址
apollo使用的时候需要 配置JAVA_HOME配置成功之后,命令行指定到bin目录下,然后输入apollo create mybroker(图1)这时候会在bin目录下生成一个mybroker文件夹(图2)在mybroker中进入bin目录(图3)命令行 cd mybroker/bin(图4)然后输入apollo-broker run(图5)显示成功后打开浏览器输入 http://127.0.0.1:61680 这时候要是显示(图6)界面就证明成功了。用户名和密码可以通过myorker/etc 下的users.properties文件中找到默认用户名和密码是 admin和password.
paho下载完成后进入文件夹启动paho.exe(图7)点击+号创建服务器连接(图8)。服务器地址在之前创建的mybroker/etc文件夹中打开apollo.xml找到图9中那一行改成自己本机的局域网IP地址。完成后在图8中服务器地址中输入相同的地址和端口,这时候点击连接会提示“连接失败-错误的用户名和密码”。在选项中需要开启登录输入之前apollo配置的用户名和密码(图10)重新点击连接这时候连接状态会显示已连接(图11)
下面是android客户端配置
- module的build.gradle中找到dependencies 然后添加
compile'org.eclipse.paho:org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3:1.1.1'
compile'org.eclipse.paho:org.eclipse.paho.android.service:1.1.1'
后Sync Project with Gradle Files
- AndroidManifest.xml中添加
<service android:name="org.eclipse.paho.android.service.MqttService"/>
- 初始化MQTT
public class MQTTService extends Service {
public static final String TAG = MQTTService.class.getSimpleName();
private static MqttAndroidClient client;
private MqttConnectOptions conOpt;
private String host = "tcp://192.168.100.41:61613";
private String userName = "admin";
private String passWord = "password";
private static String myTopic = "test";
private String clientId = "clientId";
@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
init();
return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
}
public static void publish(String msg){
Integer qos = 0;
Boolean retained = false;
try {
client.publish(myTopic, msg.getBytes(), qos.intValue(), retained.booleanValue());
} catch (MqttException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private void init() {
// 服务器地址(协议+地址+端口号)
client = new MqttAndroidClient(this, host, clientId);
// 设置MQTT监听并且接受消息
client.setCallback(mqttCallback);
conOpt = new MqttConnectOptions();
// 清除缓存
conOpt.setCleanSession(true);
// 设置超时时间,单位:秒
conOpt.setConnectionTimeout(10);
// 心跳包发送间隔,单位:秒
conOpt.setKeepAliveInterval(20);
// 用户名
conOpt.setUserName(userName);
// 密码
conOpt.setPassword(passWord.toCharArray());
boolean doConnect = true;
String message = "{\"terminal_uid\":\"" + clientId + "\"}";
Integer qos = 0;
Boolean retained = false;
client.getClientId();
if ((!message.equals("")) || (!myTopic.equals(""))) {
try {
//setWill方法,如果项目中需要知道客户端是否掉线可以调用该方法。设置最终端口的通知消息
conOpt.setWill(myTopic, message.getBytes(), qos.intValue(), retained.booleanValue());
} catch (Exception e) {
doConnect = false;
iMqttActionListener.onFailure(null, e);
}
}
if (doConnect) {
doClientConnection();
}
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
try {
client.disconnect();
} catch (MqttException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
super.onDestroy();
}
/** 连接MQTT服务器 */
private void doClientConnection() {
if (!client.isConnected() && isConnectIsNomarl()) {
try {
client.connect(conOpt, null, iMqttActionListener);
} catch (MqttException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
// MQTT是否连接成功
private IMqttActionListener iMqttActionListener = new IMqttActionListener() {
@Override
public void onSuccess(IMqttToken arg0) {
Log.i(TAG, "连接成功 ");
try {
// 订阅myTopic话题
client.subscribe(myTopic,1);
} catch (MqttException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void onFailure(IMqttToken arg0, Throwable arg1) {
arg1.printStackTrace();
// 连接失败,重连
Log.i(TAG, "连接失败 ");
}
};
// MQTT监听并且接受消息
private MqttCallback mqttCallback = new MqttCallback() {
@Override
public void messageArrived(String topic, MqttMessage message) throws Exception {
String str1 = new String(message.getPayload());
MQTTMessage msg = new MQTTMessage();
msg.setMessage(str1);
EventBus.getDefault().post(msg);
String str2 = topic + ";qos:" + message.getQos() + ";retained:" + message.isRetained();
Log.i(TAG, "messageArrived:" + str1);
Log.i(TAG, str2);
}
@Override
public void deliveryComplete(IMqttDeliveryToken arg0) {
}
@Override
public void connectionLost(Throwable arg0) {
// 失去连接,重连
Toast.makeText(MQTTService.this, " 失去连接,重连", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
};
/** 判断网络是否连接 */
private boolean isConnectIsNomarl() {
ConnectivityManager connectivityManager = (ConnectivityManager) this.getApplicationContext().getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
NetworkInfo info = connectivityManager.getActiveNetworkInfo();
if (info != null && info.isAvailable()) {
String name = info.getTypeName();
Log.i(TAG, "MQTT当前网络名称:" + name);
return true;
} else {
Log.i(TAG, "MQTT 没有可用网络");
return false;
}
}
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return null;
}
}
最后通过Paho发布消息 客户端就能收到推送过来的内容了!