定义

JAVA反射机制 是在运行状态中，对于任意一个类，都能够知道这个类的所有属性和方法，对于任意一个对象，都能够调用它的任意方法和属性，这种动态回获取信息以及动态调用对象方法的功能成为java语言的反射机制。

用途

在日常的第三方应用开发过程中，经常会遇到某个类的某个成员变量，方法或者属性是私有的不对外开放，如果我们想对源码下手，就可以利用java的反射机制来获取所需的私有成员或方法，当然不是所有的都适合反射，如果加了权限校验，那么就搞不定啦！

反射机制的相关类

Class 类

Class 代表类的实体，在运行的java应用程序中表示类和接口，在这个类中提供很多有用的方法

• 获得类中属性相关的方法

• 获得类中注解相关的方法

• 获得类中构造器相关的方法

• 获得类中方法相关的方法

• 类中其他重要的方法

Field 类

Field 代表类的成员变量（成员变量也称为类的属性）

Method 类

Constructor类 代表构造函数

撸代码

public class Book{
    private final static String TAG = "BookTag";

    private String name;
    private String author;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Book{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", author='" + author + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

    public Book() {
    }

    private Book(String name, String author) {
        this.name = name;
        this.author = author;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }

    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }

    private String declaredMethod(int index) {
        String string = null;
        switch (index) {
            case 0:
                string = "I am declaredMethod 1 !";
                break;
            case 1:
                string = "I am declaredMethod 2 !";
                break;
            default:
                string = "I am declaredMethod 1 !";
        }

        return string;
    }
}

• 反射逻辑封装在ReflectClass.java

public class ReflectClass {
    private final static String TAG = "peter.log.ReflectClass";

    // 创建对象
    public static void reflectNewInstance() {
        try {
            Class<?> classBook = Class.forName("com.android.peter.reflectdemo.Book");
            Object objectBook = classBook.newInstance();
            Book book = (Book) objectBook;
            book.setName("Android进阶之光");
            book.setAuthor("刘望舒");
            Log.d(TAG,"reflectNewInstance book = " + book.toString());
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    // 反射私有的构造方法
    public static void reflectPrivateConstructor() {
        try {
            Class<?> classBook = Class.forName("com.android.peter.reflectdemo.Book");
            Constructor<?> declaredConstructorBook = classBook.getDeclaredConstructor(String.class,String.class);
            declaredConstructorBook.setAccessible(true);
            Object objectBook = declaredConstructorBook.newInstance("Android开发艺术探索","任玉刚");
            Book book = (Book) objectBook;
            Log.d(TAG,"reflectPrivateConstructor book = " + book.toString());
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    // 反射私有属性
    public static void reflectPrivateField() {
        try {
            Class<?> classBook = Class.forName("com.android.peter.reflectdemo.Book");
            Object objectBook = classBook.newInstance();
            Field fieldTag = classBook.getDeclaredField("TAG");
            fieldTag.setAccessible(true);
            String tag = (String) fieldTag.get(objectBook);
            Log.d(TAG,"reflectPrivateField tag = " + tag);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    // 反射私有方法
    public static void reflectPrivateMethod() {
        try {
            Class<?> classBook = Class.forName("com.android.peter.reflectdemo.Book");
            Method methodBook = classBook.getDeclaredMethod("declaredMethod",int.class);
            methodBook.setAccessible(true);
            Object objectBook = classBook.newInstance();
            String string = (String) methodBook.invoke(objectBook,0);

            Log.d(TAG,"reflectPrivateMethod string = " + string);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    // 获得系统Zenmode值
    public static int getZenMode() {
        int zenMode = -1;
        try {
            Class<?> cServiceManager = Class.forName("android.os.ServiceManager");
            Method mGetService = cServiceManager.getMethod("getService", String.class);
            Object oNotificationManagerService = mGetService.invoke(null, Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
            Class<?> cINotificationManagerStub = Class.forName("android.app.INotificationManager$Stub");
            Method mAsInterface = cINotificationManagerStub.getMethod("asInterface",IBinder.class);
            Object oINotificationManager = mAsInterface.invoke(null,oNotificationManagerService);
            Method mGetZenMode = cINotificationManagerStub.getMethod("getZenMode");
            zenMode = (int) mGetZenMode.invoke(oINotificationManager);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }

        return zenMode;
    }

    // 关闭手机
    public static void shutDown() {
        try {
            Class<?> cServiceManager = Class.forName("android.os.ServiceManager");
            Method mGetService = cServiceManager.getMethod("getService",String.class);
            Object oPowerManagerService = mGetService.invoke(null,Context.POWER_SERVICE);
            Class<?> cIPowerManagerStub = Class.forName("android.os.IPowerManager$Stub");
            Method mShutdown = cIPowerManagerStub.getMethod("shutdown",boolean.class,String.class,boolean.class);
            Method mAsInterface = cIPowerManagerStub.getMethod("asInterface",IBinder.class);
            Object oIPowerManager = mAsInterface.invoke(null,oPowerManagerService);
            mShutdown.invoke(oIPowerManager,true,null,true);

        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void shutdownOrReboot(final boolean shutdown, final boolean confirm) {
        try {
            Class<?> ServiceManager = Class.forName("android.os.ServiceManager");
            // 获得ServiceManager的getService方法
            Method getService = ServiceManager.getMethod("getService", java.lang.String.class);
            // 调用getService获取RemoteService
            Object oRemoteService = getService.invoke(null, Context.POWER_SERVICE);
            // 获得IPowerManager.Stub类
            Class<?> cStub = Class.forName("android.os.IPowerManager$Stub");
            // 获得asInterface方法
            Method asInterface = cStub.getMethod("asInterface", android.os.IBinder.class);
            // 调用asInterface方法获取IPowerManager对象
            Object oIPowerManager = asInterface.invoke(null, oRemoteService);
            if (shutdown) {
                // 获得shutdown()方法
                Method shutdownMethod = oIPowerManager.getClass().getMethod(
                        "shutdown", boolean.class, String.class, boolean.class);
                // 调用shutdown()方法
                shutdownMethod.invoke(oIPowerManager, confirm, null, false);
            } else {
                // 获得reboot()方法
                Method rebootMethod = oIPowerManager.getClass().getMethod("reboot",
                        boolean.class, String.class, boolean.class);
                // 调用reboot()方法
                rebootMethod.invoke(oIPowerManager, confirm, null, false);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

• 调用相应反射逻辑方法

   try {
            // 创建对象
            ReflectClass.reflectNewInstance();

            // 反射私有的构造方法
            ReflectClass.reflectPrivateConstructor();

            // 反射私有属性
            ReflectClass.reflectPrivateField();

            // 反射私有方法
            ReflectClass.reflectPrivateMethod();
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }

        Log.d(TAG," zenmode = " + ReflectClass.getZenMode());

• Log 输出结果如下

08-27 15:11:37.999 11987-11987/com.android.peter.reflectdemo D/peter.log.ReflectClass: reflectNewInstance book = Book{name='Android进阶之光', author='刘望舒'}
08-27 15:11:38.000 11987-11987/com.android.peter.reflectdemo D/peter.log.ReflectClass: reflectPrivateConstructor book = Book{name='Android开发艺术探索', author='任玉刚'}
08-27 15:11:38.000 11987-11987/com.android.peter.reflectdemo D/peter.log.ReflectClass: reflectPrivateField tag = BookTag
08-27 15:11:38.000 11987-11987/com.android.peter.reflectdemo D/peter.log.ReflectClass: reflectPrivateMethod string = I am declaredMethod 1 !
08-27 15:11:38.004 11987-11987/com.android.peter.reflectdemo D/peter.log.ReflectDemo:  zenmode = 0

感谢参考

Java高级特性反射