一写作时需考虑哪些方面的因素？
（1）本话题所需要的词块、语块。
（2）本话题的写作模板结构等。
（3）本话题所涉及到的经典名句、谚语等。
二困惑与对策
困惑1：写什么？
以《How to learn well?》为题，写一篇作文，那么我们应该如何入手开始写作呢？来看看以下几张思维导图，能够帮你整理好一篇作文的写作框架。
困惑2：如何选材？
即使知道了写作框架，但在补充框架时又会遇到另一个困惑：如何选材？以下是一些关于写作选材的建议：
1．选定英语思维导图各区域所需的词块和语块。
2．将各区域的词块和语块按段落写成连贯的语篇。
3．对照思维导图自我批改，注意人称、时态语态、句型结构的正确使用。
困惑3：如何表达？
很多学生在写作时，使用的句式比较单一，因此文章大多雷同，缺乏个性。 针对这些问题，我们可以从以下几个方面改进：
1．对相同意思，注意不同句式的表达法，选择更好的句式。
2．短文写作，表达力求精悍、生动、丰富，避免重复用一样的句式。
3．特别注意使用承上启下的词语和句子。
三思维导图在英语作文写作中的应用实例
写作流程：
1. 审题、理清思路：考虑写什么（挑选关键词，搭建作文框架）。
2. 选择词语：根据话题和作文框架选用所需要的语料（词块和语块）。
3. 遣词造句：根据思维导图中的语料，用合适的句型写作。
4. 语篇定稿：根据思维导图修改润色作文——紧扣主题、表达准确，关联自然，语篇流畅。
实例1【2012天津】
假如你有两位同学——芳芳和明明，参加了上星期二学校组织的英语演讲比赛，他们的不同表现使你深有感触。请你根据下列表各中的内容提示写一篇英语短文。
芳芳
明明
我
1.认为自己英语好，不需要努力；花费时间挑选比赛用的漂亮衣服
2.因准备不足，太紧张，而没有完成演讲。1.努力学习，向别人请教；赛前两天腿受伤，但不放弃
2.在比赛中表现良好应该向明明学习
参考词汇：英语演讲比赛 English Speech Contest
要求：
1. 词数：80~100个
2. 短文开头已给出，不计入总词数
3. 要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥
Last Tuesday Fangfang and Mingming entered the English Speech Contest in our school. What they did make me think deeply.
Before the contest, Fangfang thought__________________.
范文1
Last Tuesday Fangfang and Mingming entered the English Speech Contest in our school. What they did make me think deeply.
Before the contest, Fangfang thought her English was the best. So she spent lots of time picking some beautiful clothes for herself instead of trying to work hard at English for the contest. As a result, she didn't do well in the contest because she hadn't got ready for the contest.
But Mingming was different from Fangfang. He worked hard at English and asked others for help. Especially, his leg was hurt two days before the contest, but he never gave up. In the end, he won the contest.
No doubt, from Mingming we should learn : No pains, No gains. From now on, I must learn from Mingming.
范文2
Last Tuesday Fangfang and Mingming entered the English Speech Contest in our school. What they did make me think deeply.
Before the contest, Fangfang thought she was good at English, and that she didn't need to spend more time on the contest at all. She always considered picking some beautiful clothes for the contest. But Mingming was different. He worked hard at English and asked others for help. Though he had hurt his leg two days before the contest, he never gave up.
In the end, Fangfang didn't get ready well enough. At the contest, she was so nervous that she failed. But Mingming won because of his efforts.
In my opinion, we should learn from Mingming: Work hard and make progress every day.
范文3
Last Tuesday Fangfang and Mingming entered the English Speech Contest in our school. What they did make me think deeply.
Before the contest, Fangfang thought that she was good at English. So it wasn't necessary to spend lots of time preparing for the contest. What she only thought was what clothes should wear, which make herself more beautiful at the contest. At last, she was too nervous to finish the contest because she didn't get ready very well.
Instead, Mingming had been working at English and asking others for help. What's more, he had hurt his leg two days before the contest. But he had never given up. As the result, he won the contest.
I think we should learn from Mingming: Work hard and never give up.
实例2【2012吉林】
生活是丰富多彩的，没有爱好的人生是不完整的人生。亲爱的同学，在生活中，你有什么兴趣爱好吗？这个兴趣爱好是怎样培养起来的？它给你的生活增添了哪些色彩？请你以 “My Hobby”为题，结合自己的亲身经历写一篇短文。（词数80个左右）
要求：
1.语句通顺，合乎逻辑，书写规范。
2.文中不得出现真实的姓名和学校名称。
范文1
Reading is my hobby. When I was seven years old, one day, I read a comic book about how a girl beat a wolf. I was moved deeply by the girl.From then on I became interested in reading books.
Reading can not only kill the time, but also, more importantly, help improve my skills. And books can teach me how to be a good person. Books can also solve many problems for me.
In a word, reading books can make my life colorful. I will read more good books to improve myself in the future.
范文2
My favourite hobby is watching movies in the cinema. Three years ago, while I was watching the adventure 3D film Avatar in the cinema, I was attracted by the beautiful sights. It was so creative that it made me enjoy a lot. From then on, I became a movie fan.
Now, when I am tired, I go to the cinema. When I am happy, I go to the cinema, too. On the one hand, movies can make me relaxed. On the other hand, I can learn lots of knowledge from movies.
