1.refer to A as B 认为A是B
2. bargain 交易，协议（讨价还价，便宜货，好买卖）
3. value （动词）珍惜=cherish=treasure
4.It’s a terrible model that survives only because we haven’t found another way to reliably support most internet content and services—including getting individuals to pay for the things they claim to value.
5. to the letter 严格地，不折不扣地
6. pang of sth: 一阵…
Pang of regret/jealousy/pain/sadness/ hunger
7.flash of sth: …闪现
Flash of inspiration/brilliance/insight/ anger
Pang of sth = flash of sth
A flash in the pan: 昙花一现
8.die down： 减弱；平息
The gossip will soon die down.
9. though 这个词是一个重要考点!
Though…., 虽然
…., though…. 虽然
…., though, …. 但是！（看好了，两个逗号之间的though=however）
…., though. 但是！（放在句子末尾的though= however）
10.Fierce and forceful response but quick and quiet disappearance
（强烈的和强烈的回应和快速的安静的消失）（翻译出来就没什么感觉了）
11. universal scorn 普遍的嘲讽
12. high-profile 广受人们关注的；高调的
反义词：low profile (低调的)
13.tolerate 允许，容许，忍受
英语解释：
to allow sb to do sth that you do not agree with or like.
允许，容许(不同意或不喜欢的事情。)
This sort of behavior will not be tolerated.
(这类行为是不能容许的。)
14. other than 除了
no A other than B: A是B的上义词= 只有B (A 一般不用翻译)
no city other than Chongqing= only Chongqing
no man other than Kevin= only Kevin
no mission other than producing profits= only producing profits
15. run counter to: 违反
16. cognitively：认知上地
17. remotely 一点点（表示程度低）
18. This idea is not the original to Trump.
这个观点不是特朗普的原创；（这个翻译没有任何问题；）
其含义是：这个观点不是特朗普首先提出来的，但是特朗普持有这个观点；
19.virtual currency：虚拟货币
20. driven in part by 部分原因是…
fueled in part by 部分原因是…
prompted in part by 部分原因是…
21.The divided and atomized world brings us （the sense of guilt） and （benefits.）
这个分裂的世界带给我们（内疚感）和（各种好处）。
22. Next to 除开
Next to skiing my favorite sport is skating.
我最喜欢的运动除了滑雪就是滑冰。
考研英语文章很多时候都会罗列原因，观点和事实等；所以常用到的表示“除了”含义的手段有：
1.besides 除了；
例句：Besides working as a doctor, he also writes novels in his spare time.
2.In addition to 除了；
3.Aside 除了；(这个词是放在名词后的)
例句：Fund worries aside, staff recruiting is not going well.
除了资金令人担心之外，员工招聘也不顺利。
Obvious practical drawbacks aside, the theoretical ground（理论基础） of this method is not sound（合理）.
除开实践中的种种缺陷之外，这个方法的理论基础也不合理。
4. aside from：
例句：Aside from a few scratches, I’m OK.
除了几处擦伤，我安然无恙。
5.Apart from：
例句：Apart from their house in London, they also have a villa in Spain.
23. algorithm 算法
24.simply，它来由simple（简单的）而来，所以有一个意思是：简单地(=plainly)，像在simply put（简而言之）这个表达里。但请记住，所有的副词基本都是多面手，不要把simply看得太简单,它还可以表示以下意思：
1. 明显地(=clearly): There is simply not enough water.
2. 直接地(=directly): He simply asked me to leave.
3. 仅仅(=solely): He was pursued simply for his connection to the President.
4. 只是(=merely, just): They are simply trying to survive.
5. 强调语气，可译可不译(=really, literally): The food is simply marvelous.
25.When 可以表示原因，就说一句话： When you are rich, I will marry you.（扎心了吧，但是说这话的人也是好人，至少告诉你ta需要什么，而不是找了一些其他虚伪的理由。）
（不用你自己判断，如果问题问原因了，when 后面就可能是原因。）
26.Added to biological factors is the psychological reason.
除了生理原因外，还有心理原因。
27. trade-off (名词)权衡，考虑
There is a trade-off between the benefits of the drug and the risk of side effects.
(在这种药的疗效和副作用之间有个权衡利弊的问题。)
28. may well 完全可能
牛津例句：They may well win. 他们完全可能赢。
29.Failure这个词常常翻译为否定词：没有，未能
a failure of Kevin to perform his daily task: to take care of Aman and JPP.
( 凯文没有能完成他的日常任务：照顾好一男和蒋胖胖。)
30. glory 荣耀 The glory of kings (王者荣耀)
