使用POI根据传入的标题、数据、数据格式等生产简单的excel文件，有例子和注解，有兴趣的朋友可以看下：
import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.collections.CollectionUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.HorizontalAlignment;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
/**
* 简单excel生成工具(使用POI)，配合@PoiExcelFiled注解使用
* <p>
* 返回HSSFSheet可以在此基础上新增sheet、获取sheet字节数组
* </p>
*
* @author hzhqk
* @date 2018/03/21
*/
@Slf4j
public class ExcelUtil {
/**
* 默认sheet名称
*/
private static final String DEFAULT_SHEET_NAME = "sheet";
/**
* 单个Sheet页最大行数（除去标题）
*/
private static final int SINGLE_SHEET_MAX_ROWS = 65535;
/**
* 默认单元格宽度
*/
private static final int DEFAULT_CELL_WIDTH = 5000;
/**
* 默认日期格式
*/
private static final String DEFAULT_DATE_PATTERN = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";
/**
* 根据列标题和列数据生成excel表格文件
* excel默认一个sheet且sheet名称默认为sheet1
* <pre>
* 获取excel bytes示例：
* ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
* workbook.write(os);
* 或直接使用 PoiExcelUtil.getExcelBytes(hssfWorkbook);
* </pre>
*
* @param datas
* @return 没有使用write方法时要手动关闭HSSFWorkbook
* @throws Exception
*/
public static HSSFWorkbook createExcel(List<?> datas) throws Exception {
return createExcelWithSheetName(null, datas);
}
/**
* 根据列标题和列数据生成excel表格文件，excel文件默认一个sheet
*
* @param sheetName 生成的excel文件的sheet名，分页时会在后面加序号
* @param datas 列数据
* @return 文件byte
* @throws Exception
*/
public static HSSFWorkbook createExcelWithSheetName(String sheetName, List<?> datas) throws Exception {
HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
createSheetAndWriteData(workbook, sheetName, datas);
return workbook;
}
/**
* 在现有HSSFWorkbook基础上新建sheet页
*
* @param workbook
* @param sheetName
* @param datas
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static HSSFWorkbook createSheetAndWriteData(HSSFWorkbook workbook, String sheetName, List<?> datas) throws Exception {
if (StringUtils.isBlank(sheetName)) {
sheetName = getDefaultSheetName(workbook, workbook.getNumberOfSheets());
}
if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(datas)) {
log.info("数据为空，不写入数据");
// 创建一个空sheet，防止打开报错
workbook.createSheet(sheetName);
return workbook;
}
List<Field> allFields = getAllFields(datas.get(0).getClass());
List<Field> dataFields = allFields.stream().filter(f -> f.getAnnotation(ExcelField.class) != null).collect(Collectors.toList());
if (datas.size() > SINGLE_SHEET_MAX_ROWS) {
List<? extends List<?>> parts = Lists.partition(datas, SINGLE_SHEET_MAX_ROWS);
int sheetIndex = 1;
for (List<?> part : parts) {
createOneSheetAndWriteData(workbook, sheetName + sheetIndex++, part, dataFields);
}
} else {
createOneSheetAndWriteData(workbook, sheetName, datas, dataFields);
}
return workbook;
}
private static String getDefaultSheetName(HSSFWorkbook workbook, int sheetNum) {
if (sheetNum == 0) {
return DEFAULT_DATE_PATTERN + 1;
}
String sheetName = DEFAULT_SHEET_NAME + (sheetNum + 1);
if (workbook.getSheetIndex(sheetName) >= 0) {
sheetName = getDefaultSheetName(workbook, sheetNum + 1);
}
return sheetName;
}
private static void createOneSheetAndWriteData(HSSFWorkbook workbook, String sheetName, List<?> datas, List<Field> dataFields) throws Exception {
HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(sheetName);
List<FieldWithFormatter> fieldWithFormatter = convert2FieldWithFormatter(dataFields);
initSheetHeaders(workbook, sheet, fieldWithFormatter);
writeData(sheet, datas, fieldWithFormatter);
}
/**
* 将HSSFWorkbook转为bytes
*
* @param workbook
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public static byte[] getExcelBytes(HSSFWorkbook workbook) throws IOException {
ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
workbook.write(os);
return os.toByteArray();
}
/**
* 传到前台
*
* @param workbook
* @param response
*/
public static void write2Response(HSSFWorkbook workbook, String fileName, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + new String((fileName).getBytes(), "ISO-8859-1"));
response.setContentType("application/x-execl");
workbook.write(response.getOutputStream());
}
private static void writeData(HSSFSheet sheet, List<?> datas, List<FieldWithFormatter> fieldWithFormatter) throws Exception {
if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(datas)) {
return;
}
int startX = 1;
int startY = 0;
for (Object item : datas) {
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(startX);
for (FieldWithFormatter fwf : fieldWithFormatter) {
HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(startY++);
Object origin = fwf.getField().get(item);
String columnData = "";
if (null != origin) {
ExcelColumnFormatter formatter = fwf.getFormatter();
if (formatter != null) {
columnData = formatter.format(origin);
} else {
columnData = origin.toString();
}
}
cell.setCellValue(columnData);
}
startX++;
startY = 0;
}
}
private static List<FieldWithFormatter> convert2FieldWithFormatter(List<Field> fields) {
return fields.stream().map(f -> {
ExcelField annotation = f.getAnnotation(ExcelField.class);
ExcelColumnFormatter formatter = null;
try {
Class<? extends ExcelColumnFormatter> format = annotation.formatter();
if (format != NoFormatter.class) {
formatter = format.newInstance();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
return new FieldWithFormatter(f, annotation.name(), annotation.order(), formatter);
}).sorted(Comparator.comparingInt(f -> f.order)).collect(Collectors.toList());
}
private static class FieldWithFormatter {
private Field field;
private String columnName;
private int order;
private ExcelColumnFormatter formatter;
public FieldWithFormatter(Field field, String columnName, int order, ExcelColumnFormatter formatter) {
this.field = field;
this.columnName = columnName;
this.order = order;
this.formatter = formatter;
}
public Field getField() {
return field;
}
public void setField(Field field) {
this.field = field;
}
public String getColumnName() {
return columnName;
}
public void setColumnName(String columnName) {
this.columnName = columnName;
}
public int getOrder() {
return order;
}
public void setOrder(int order) {
this.order = order;
}
public ExcelColumnFormatter getFormatter() {
return formatter;
}
public void setFormatter(ExcelColumnFormatter formatter) {
this.formatter = formatter;
}
}
private static <T> List<Field> getAllFields(Class<T> clz) {
List<Field> fields = Lists.newArrayList();
Class<?> tmpClz = clz;
// 不获取Object层的属性
String finalParent = "java.lang.object";
while (tmpClz != null && !tmpClz.getName().toLowerCase().equals(finalParent)) {
// 只获取bean普通属性
for (Field field : tmpClz.getDeclaredFields()) {
// 不在设置数据时设置访问权限
field.setAccessible(true);
int modifiers = field.getModifiers();
if (modifiers == Modifier.PUBLIC || modifiers == Modifier.PRIVATE || modifiers == Modifier.PROTECTED) {
fields.add(field);
}
}
tmpClz = tmpClz.getSuperclass();
}
return fields;
}
/**
* 初始化表头
* @param wb
* @param sheet
* @param dataFields
*/
private static void initSheetHeaders(HSSFWorkbook wb, HSSFSheet sheet, List<FieldWithFormatter> dataFields) {
if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(dataFields)) {
return;
}
// 表头样式
HSSFCellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();
// 创建一个居中格式
style.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);
// 字体样式
HSSFFont fontStyle = wb.createFont();
fontStyle.setFontName("微软雅黑");
fontStyle.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 12);
fontStyle.setBold(true);
style.setFont(fontStyle);
// 生成sheet1内容
// 第一个sheet的第一行为标题
HSSFRow rowFirst = sheet.createRow(0);
// 冻结第一行
sheet.createFreezePane(0, 1, 0, 1);
// 写标题
for (int i = 0; i < dataFields.size(); i++) {
// 获取第一行的每个单元格
HSSFCell cell = rowFirst.createCell(i);
// 设置每列的列宽
sheet.setColumnWidth(i, DEFAULT_CELL_WIDTH);
//加样式
cell.setCellStyle(style);
//往单元格里写数据
cell.setCellValue(dataFields.get(i).getColumnName());
}
}
/**
* test case 运行前临时注释掉servlet-api包的scope，测试完放开
*
* @param args
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String str = "字符串";
Date date = new Date();
int mint = 12345;
float mfloat = 1.2345f;
List<Date> list = Arrays.asList(date, date, date);
Map<String, Date> map = new HashMap<String, Date>();
map.put("date1", date);
map.put("data2", date);
TestData mb = new TestData(str, date, mint, mfloat, new BigDecimal("0.9999"), list, map);
List<TestData> datas = Lists.newArrayList();
for (int i = 0; i < 70000; i++) {
datas.add(mb);
}
HSSFWorkbook wb = ExcelUtil.createExcelWithSheetName("测试", datas);
ExcelUtil.createSheetAndWriteData(wb, "", Arrays.asList(new Extension(9999)));
wb.write(new FileOutputStream(new File("/Users/shhanqiankun/Desktop/excel.xls")));
System.out.println("everything goes well");
}
@AllArgsConstructor
@Data
private static class Extension {
@ExcelField(name = "column")
private Integer total;
}
@AllArgsConstructor
@Data
private static class TestData {
@ExcelField(name = "String", order = 9)
private String str;
@ExcelField(name = "Date", order = 8, formatter = DefaultDateFormatter.class)
private Date date;
@ExcelField(name = "Integer", order = 7)
private int mint;
@ExcelField(name = "Float", order = 6)
private float mfloat;
@ExcelField(name = "Decimal", order = 3)
private BigDecimal bigDecimal;
@ExcelField(name = "list", order = 999)
private List<Date> list;
@ExcelField(name = "Map")
private Map<String, Date> map;
}
}
效果如图：
simple excel.png
详细源码见：
https://github.com/hzhqk/java/tree/master/poi/simple%20excel
