一 先来看下UIWebView 基本用法 以及与JS交互过程
- 举例:简单的使用
//1.创建webview,并设置大小
_webView = [[UIWebView alloc] initWithFrame:self.view.bounds];
//2.创建请求
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:self.urlString];
NSURLRequest *urlRequest = [[NSURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:url cachePolicy:NSURLRequestUseProtocolCachePolicy timeoutInterval:30];
//3.加载网页 将webView添加到界面
[_webView loadRequest:urlRequest];
[self.view addSubview:_webView];
- 一些实用函数
- (void)loadRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request;
- (void)loadHTMLString:(NSString *)string baseURL:(nullable NSURL *)baseURL;
- (void)loadData:(NSData *)data MIMEType:(NSString *)MIMEType textEncodingName:(NSString *)textEncodingName baseURL:(NSURL *)baseURL;
- 网页导航刷新有关函数
// 刷新
- (void)reload;
//停止加载
- (void)stopLoading;
//后退函数
- (void)goBack;
//前进函数
- (void)goForward;
//是否可以后退
@property (nonatomic,readonly, getter=canGoBack)BOOL canGoBack;
//是否可以向前
@property (nonatomic,readonly, getter=canGoForward)BOOL canGoForward;
//是否正在加载
@property (nonatomic,readonly, getter=isLoading)BOOL loading;
- 代理协议使用:UIWebViewDelegate
#pragma mark - UIWebViewDelegate
- (BOOL)webView:(UIWebView *)webView shouldStartLoadWithRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request navigationType:(UIWebViewNavigationType)navigationType{
// 拦截scheme为aaa时,是javascript要调用native代码
if ([[request.URL scheme] isEqualToString:@"aaa"]) {
// Host
NSString *host = [[request.URL host] trimBothEnd];
// 取得参数
NSDictionary *parameters = [request.URL.absoluteString urlQueryToDictionary];
[self handleLinkTapWithUrl:request.URL.absoluteString withHost:host withParams:parameters];
}
return YES;
}
- (void)handleLinkTapWithUrl:(NSString *)url withHost:(NSString *)host withParams:(NSDictionary *)param{
if(host && [[self getHostDictionary] objectForKey:host]){
[self pushScheme:url];
}
}
- (void)webViewDidFinishLoad:(UIWebView*)webView {
// 在最后执行一次,以保证标题正确设置,loading被正确隐藏
self.title = [_webView stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:@"document.title"];
[UIApplication sharedApplication].networkActivityIndicatorVisible = NO;
[self hideLoading];
[self registerJSContextFunction];
}
- (void)webView:(UIWebView *)webView didFailLoadWithError:(NSError *)error
{
[self hideLoading];
if ([error code] != NSURLErrorCancelled){
[self showWarning:@"加载失败,请重试"];
}
}
- 与js交互
1 在viewDidLoad 中 初始化 给JS注册方法
// 初始化以做后来交互使用
_jsContext = [_webView valueForKeyPath:@"documentView.webView.mainFrame.javaScriptContext"];
//在js自己刷新页面,不通过本地刷新的时候,需要重新绑定clint,写成成员变量,避免多次实例化。
_client = [ClientH5Object new];
_client.delegate = self;
// 给JS注册方法
[self registerJSContextFunction];
2 注册方法
#pragma mark - JSContext
- (void)registerJSContextFunction {
__weak __typeof(self)weakSelf = self;
_jsContext[@"jsObjLoadDomFinished"] = ^() {
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
[weakSelf loadDomFinished];
});
};
_jsContext[@"jsObjPageDataLoaded"] = ^() {
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
[weakSelf globalObjectLoaded];
});
};
// 使用这种方式可以避免循环引用。
// 注意:不能把self赋给_jsContext,即使是weakSelf也不行
_jsContext[@"client"] = _Client;
for (NSString *key in _jsCallers) {
_jsContext[@"client"][key] = _jsCallers[key];
}
}
- (void)addJSCall:(NSString *)jsFuncName implemention:(id)block {
_jsCallers[jsFuncName] = block;
}
/**
* @brief js调用该方法以hideLoading
*/
- (void)loadDomFinished{
[self hideLoading];
// 因为此时_jsGlobalObject还不能从H5中获取,所以只先设置一个title,与数据相关的分享功能先不展示
self.title = [_webView stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:@"document.title"];
}
- (void)globalObjectLoaded{
// 从H5中取得全局变量
@try {
_jsGlobalObject = [[self.jsContext evaluateScript:@"window.GLOBAL.pagedata"] toDictionary];
} @catch (NSException *exception) {
}
if (_jsGlobalObject == nil) {
return;
}
//分享数据源
_shareObject = [[WMShareObject alloc]initWithDictionary:_jsGlobalObject[@"share_data"] error:nil];
//同时不为空的时候才显示微信快照和朋友圈快照
_isShowScreenshot = [_shareObject.wechatScreenshot.content isNonEmpty] && [_shareObject.wechatScreenshot.content isNonEmpty];
if (![_jsGlobalObject[@"hide_share"] boolValue] && (_shareObject != nil)) {
[self setNavigateTitle:[_webView stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:@"document.title"] rightButtonOption:OCBarButtonImageTypeShare];
}
}
二 WKWebView使用说明
1 简单使用
与UIWebview一样,仅需三步:记住导入
// 1.创建webview,并设置大小
WKWebView *webView = [[UIWebView alloc] initWithFrame:self.view.bounds];
// 2.创建请求
NSMutableURLRequest *request =[NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.cnblogs.com/mddblog/"]];
// 3.加载网页
[webView loadRequest:request];
//最后将webView添加到界面
[self.view addSubview:webView];
2 一些实用函数
//加载网页函数
//相比UIWebview,WKWebView也支持各种文件格式,并新增了loadFileURL函数,顾名思义加载本地文件。
///模拟器调试加载mac本地文件
- (void)loadLocalFile {
// 1.创建webview,并设置大小,"20"为状态栏高度
WKWebView *webView = [[WKWebView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0,20, self.view.frame.size.width,self.view.frame.size.height -20)];
// 2.创建url userName:电脑用户名
NSURL *url = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:@"/Users/userName/Desktop/bigIcon.png"];
// 3.加载文件
[webView loadFileURL:url allowingReadAccessToURL:url];
//最后将webView添加到界面
[self.view addSubview:webView];
}
/// 其它三个加载函数
- (WKNavigation *)loadRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request;
- (WKNavigation *)loadHTMLString:(NSString *)string baseURL:(nullable NSURL *)baseURL;
- (WKNavigation *)loadData:(NSData *)data MIMEType:(NSString *)MIMEType characterEncodingName:(NSString *)characterEncodingName baseURL:(NSURL *)baseURL;
网页导航刷新相关函数
和UIWebview几乎一样,不同的是有返回值,WKNavigation(已更新),另外增加了函数reloadFromOrigin和goToBackForwardListItem。
reloadFromOrigin会比较网络数据是否有变化,没有变化则使用缓存,否则从新请求。
goToBackForwardListItem:比向前向后更强大,可以跳转到某个指定历史页面
@property (nonatomic,readonly) BOOL canGoBack;
@property (nonatomic,readonly) BOOL canGoForward;
- (WKNavigation *)goBack;
- (WKNavigation *)goForward;
- (WKNavigation *)reload;
- (WKNavigation *)reloadFromOrigin; //增加的函数
- (WKNavigation *)goToBackForwardListItem:(WKBackForwardListItem *)item;// 增加的函数
- (void)stopLoading;
一些常用属性
allowsBackForwardNavigationGestures:BOOL类型,是否允许左右划手势导航,默认不允许
estimatedProgress:加载进度,取值范围0~1
title:页面title
.scrollView.scrollEnabled:是否允许上下滚动,默认允许
backForwardList:WKBackForwardList类型,访问历史列表,可以通过前进后退按钮访问,或者通过goToBackForwardListItem函数跳到指定页面
3 代理协议使用
一共有三个代理协议:
WKNavigationDelegate:最常用,和UIWebViewDelegate功能类似,追踪加载过程,有是否允许加载、开始加载、加载完成、加载失败。下面会对函数做简单的说明,并用数字标出调用的先后次序:1-2-3-4-5
三个是否允许跳转加载的函数:
/// 接收到服务器跳转请求之后调用 (服务器端redirect),不一定调用
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didReceiveServerRedirectForProvisionalNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation;
/// 3 在收到服务器的响应头,根据response相关信息,决定是否跳转。decisionHandler必须调用,来决定是否跳转,参数WKNavigationActionPolicyCancel取消跳转,WKNavigationActionPolicyAllow允许跳转
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView decidePolicyForNavigationResponse:(WKNavigationResponse *)navigationResponse decisionHandler:(void (^)(WKNavigationResponsePolicy))decisionHandler;
/// 1 在发送请求之前,决定是否跳转
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView decidePolicyForNavigationAction:(WKNavigationAction *)navigationAction decisionHandler:(void (^)(WKNavigationActionPolicy))decisionHandler;
追踪加载过程函数:
/// 2 页面开始加载
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didStartProvisionalNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation;
/// 4 开始获取到网页内容时返回
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didCommitNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation;
/// 5 页面加载完成之后调用
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didFinishNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation;
/// 页面加载失败时调用
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didFailProvisionalNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation;
WKScriptMessageHandler:必须实现的函数,是APP与js交互,提供从网页中收消息的回调方法
/// message: 收到的脚本信息.
- (void)userContentController:(WKUserContentController *)userContentController didReceiveScriptMessage:(WKScriptMessage *)message;
WKUIDelegate:UI界面相关,原生控件支持,三种提示框:输入、确认、警告。首先将web提示框拦截然后再做处理。
/// 创建一个新的WebView
- (WKWebView *)webView:(WKWebView *)webView createWebViewWithConfiguration:(WKWebViewConfiguration *)configuration forNavigationAction:(WKNavigationAction *)navigationAction windowFeatures:(WKWindowFeatures *)windowFeatures;
/// 输入框
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView runJavaScriptTextInputPanelWithPrompt:(NSString *)prompt defaultText:(nullable NSString *)defaultText initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame completionHandler:(void (^)(NSString *__nullable result))completionHandler {
NSLog(@"%s",__FUNCTION__);
NSLog(@"%@", prompt);
UIAlertController *alert = [UIAlertController alertControllerWithTitle:@"textinput" message:@"JS调用输入框" preferredStyle:UIAlertControllerStyleAlert];
[alert addTextFieldWithConfigurationHandler:^(UITextField *_Nonnull textField) {
textField.textColor = [UIColor redColor];
}];
[alert addAction:[UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"确定" style:UIAlertActionStyleDefault handler:^(UIAlertAction * _Nonnull action) {
completionHandler([[alert.textFields lastObject] text]);
}]];
[self presentViewController:alert animated:YES completion:NULL];
}
/// 确认框
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView runJavaScriptConfirmPanelWithMessage:(NSString *)message initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame completionHandler:(void (^)(BOOL result))completionHandler {
NSLog(@"%s", __FUNCTION__);
UIAlertController *alert = [UIAlertController alertControllerWithTitle:@"confirm" message:@"JS调用confirm"preferredStyle:UIAlertControllerStyleAlert];
[alert addAction:[UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"确定" style:UIAlertActionStyleDefault handler:^(UIAlertAction * _Nonnull action) {
completionHandler(YES);
}]];
[alert addAction:[UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"取消" style:UIAlertActionStyleCancel handler:^(UIAlertAction * _Nonnull action) {
completionHandler(NO);
}]];
[self presentViewController:alert animated:YES completion:NULL];
NSLog(@"%@", message);
}
/// 警告框
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView runJavaScriptAlertPanelWithMessage:(NSString *)message initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame completionHandler:(void (^)(void))completionHandler {
NSLog(@"%s", __FUNCTION__);
UIAlertController *alert = [UIAlertController alertControllerWithTitle:@"alert"message:@"JS调用alert" preferredStyle:UIAlertControllerStyleAlert];
[alert addAction:[UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"确定"style:UIAlertActionStyleDefault handler:^(UIAlertAction * _Nonnull action) {
completionHandler();
}]];
[self presentViewController:alert animated:YES completion:NULL];
NSLog(@"%@", message);
}
4 与js交互
/// 5 页面加载完成之后调用
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didFinishNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation;
{
// 直接调用js
[self.webViewevaluateJavaScript:@"document.documentElement.style.webkitUserSelect='none';"completionHandler:nil];
// 调用js参数
[self.webViewevaluateJavaScript:@"document.documentElement.style.webkitTouchCallout='none';"completionHandler:nil];
[self.showViewremoveFromSuperview];
NSString *jsToGetHTMLSource =@"document.getElementsByTagName('html')[0].innerHTML";
[self.activityViewstopAnimating];
// 调用js获取返回值
[self.webViewevaluateJavaScript:jsToGetHTMLSourcecompletionHandler:^(id_Nullable HTMLSource, NSError * _Nullable error) {
NSRange range = [HTMLSourcerangeOfString:@"Bad Gateway"];//判断字符串是否包含
bool urlIsTrue = (range.location ==NSNotFound);
if (urlIsTrue ==true ) {
range = [HTMLSource rangeOfString:@"Network is unreachable"];
urlIsTrue = (range.location ==NSNotFound);
}
if (urlIsTrue ==true ) {
range = [HTMLSource rangeOfString:@"页面不存在"];
urlIsTrue = (range.location ==NSNotFound);
}
if (urlIsTrue ==true) {
range = [HTMLSource rangeOfString:@"网页无法访问"];
urlIsTrue = (range.location ==NSNotFound);
}
if (urlIsTrue ==true) {
range = [HTMLSource rangeOfString:@"Not Found"];
urlIsTrue = (range.location ==NSNotFound);
}
//网页可访问隐藏我们自己的返回按钮
if (urlIsTrue==true)
{
self.topView.hidden =YES;
}
else
{
[webView stopLoading];
[selfaddShowView];
}
}];
[webView stopLoading];
}
如果想在加载的页面中继续操作
UIWebView打开一个页面之后,点击里面的内容就直接能跳转。而WKWebView一开始点里面的东西没反应,只要加了这个方法就好了。
//在发送请求之前,决定是否跳转
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView decidePolicyForNavigationAction:(WKNavigationAction *)navigationAction decisionHandler:(void (^)(WKNavigationActionPolicy))decisionHandler {
if (navigationAction.targetFrame ==nil) {
[webView loadRequest:navigationAction.request];
}
// 没有这一句页面就不会显示
decisionHandler(WKNavigationActionPolicyAllow);
}