用过很多播放器，之前一直是酷我，偶尔QQ。但是网易云音乐出来后毅然变成了他的忠实用户。精确推荐和乐评都很赞！安利了不少人入坑。前些日子网易云音乐将精选用户评论搬上了地铁，使网易云音乐又火了一把。因此就想爬取一些歌曲的评论。
分析
通过抓包分析与评论有关的内容在评论相关的请求在http://music.163.com/weapi/v1/resource/comments/R_SO_4_186016?csrf_token= 这个请求下完成。
网络请求
如图我们可以看到有两个参数params和encSecKey。现在如何得到这两个参数就变得至关重要。参考知乎https://www.zhihu.com/question/36081767 问题的解答
core.js
core.js
b函数与asrea为一个函数，四个参数分别为：
第一个参数：
first_param = '{rid:"", offset:"0", total:"true", limit:"20", csrf_token:""}'rid就是R_SO_4_加上歌曲的id（其实这个参数也是可以没有的），offset就是（评论页数-1） * 20，total在第一页是true，其余是false。
第二个参数：010001
第三个参数：00e0b509f6259df8642dbc35662901477df22677ec152b5ff68ace615bb7b725152b3ab17a876aea8a5aa76d2e417629ec4ee341f56135fccf695280104e0312ecbda92557c93870114af6c9d05c4f7f0c3685b7a46bee255932575cce10b424d813cfe4875d3e82047b97ddef52741d546b8e289dc6935b3ece0462db0a22b8e7
第四个参数：0CoJUm6Qyw8W8jud
第二三四个参数均为固定值
此时b函数就是一个AES加密，经过了两次加密生成params。其中i为长度为16的一个字符串，可以取定值。那么此时c函数生成的encSecKey便为固定值。
参数生成完毕即可访问获取返回的json数据。
github地址
代码如下
#! /usr/bin/python
# -*-coding:utf-8-*-
# Author:zp
from Crypto.Cipher import AES
import base64
import requests
import json
import codecs
import time
# 头部信息
headers = {
'Host': "music.163.com",
'Accept-Language': "zh-CN,zh;q=0.8",
'Accept-Encoding': "gzip, deflate, sdch",
'Content-Type': "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",#text/html;charset=utf8
'Cookie': "JSESSIONID-WYYY=cd1Rl3VE3QCuWrM1F2p5X2uldz7nID%5CPkiCScp1xwmj%5CQaK1ntkfjHrdsOIPo63qTVSQ%2F31E5R19S8qrlWscJtCZM4fHnp25P%2FHrDweHD91%2FeaFxBD%2Fq6efikdBYg9mDhDAHy0yW23r6iGkCIUE4NGQYNw4oMbmeNiBuf%2BTNfh6MysQ%2B%3A1491229798294; _iuqxldmzr_=32; _ntes_nnid=d805c50ad0597b9a6f15c3a0724ac9f3,1491227998322; _ntes_nuid=d805c50ad0597b9a6f15c3a0724ac9f3; __utma=94650624.196941009.1491227999.1491227999.1491227999.1; __utmb=94650624.8.10.1491227999; __utmc=94650624; __utmz=94650624.1491227999.1.1.utmcsr=baidu|utmccn=(organic)|utmcmd=organic; playerid=36222054",
'Connection': "keep-alive",
'Referer': 'http://music.163.com/'
}
# 设置代理服务器
proxies = {
'http:': 'http://121.232.146.184',
'https:': 'https://144.255.48.197'
}
# offset的取值为:(评论页数-1)*20,total第一页为true，其余页为false
# first_param = '{rid:"", offset:"0", total:"true", limit:"20", csrf_token:""}' # 第一个参数
second_param = "010001" # 第二个参数
# 第三个参数
third_param = "00e0b509f6259df8642dbc35662901477df22677ec152b5ff68ace615bb7b725152b3ab17a876aea8a5aa76d2e417629ec4ee341f56135fccf695280104e0312ecbda92557c93870114af6c9d05c4f7f0c3685b7a46bee255932575cce10b424d813cfe4875d3e82047b97ddef52741d546b8e289dc6935b3ece0462db0a22b8e7"
# 第四个参数
forth_param = "0CoJUm6Qyw8W8jud"
# 获取参数
def get_params(page): # page为传入页数
iv = "0102030405060708"
first_key = forth_param
second_key = 16 * 'F'
if (page == 1): # 如果为第一页
first_param = '{rid:"", offset:"0", total:"true", limit:"20", csrf_token:""}'
h_encText = AES_encrypt(first_param, first_key, iv)#加密方式是第一个参数和最后一个参数通过固定iv加密
else:
offset = str((page - 1) * 20)
first_param = '{rid:"", offset:"%s", total:"%s", limit:"20", csrf_token:""}' % (offset, 'false')
h_encText = AES_encrypt(first_param, first_key, iv)
h_encText = AES_encrypt(h_encText, second_key, iv)#第二次加密是上次加密返回值与一个16位的任意字符串加密
return h_encText
# 获取 encSecKey
def get_encSecKey():
encSecKey = "257348aecb5e556c066de214e531faadd1c55d814f9be95fd06d6bff9f4c7a41f831f6394d5a3fd2e3881736d94a02ca919d952872e7d0a50ebfa1769a7a62d512f5f1ca21aec60bc3819a9c3ffca5eca9a0dba6d6f7249b06f5965ecfff3695b54e1c28f3f624750ed39e7de08fc8493242e26dbc4484a01c76f739e135637c"
return encSecKey
# 解密过程
def AES_encrypt(text, key, iv):
pad = 16 - len(text) % 16
#print(type(text))
text = text + pad * chr(pad)
encryptor = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_CBC, iv)
encrypt_text = encryptor.encrypt(text)
encrypt_text = base64.b64encode(encrypt_text).decode()
return encrypt_text
# 获得评论json数据
def get_json(url, params, encSecKey):
data = {
"params": params,
"encSecKey": encSecKey
}
response = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=data, proxies=proxies)
return response.content
# 抓取某一首歌的全部评论
def get_all_comments(url):
all_comments_list = [] # 存放所有评论
all_comments_list.append(u"用户ID 用户昵称 用户头像地址 评论时间 点赞总数 评论内容\n") # 头部信息
params = get_params(1)
encSecKey = get_encSecKey()
json_text = get_json(url, params, encSecKey).decode()
json_dict = json.loads(json_text)
comments_num = int(json_dict['total'])
if (comments_num % 20 == 0):
page = int(comments_num / 20)
else:
page = int(comments_num / 20) + 1
print("共有%d页评论!" % page)
print(type(page))
for i in range(page): # 逐页抓取
params = get_params(i + 1)
encSecKey = get_encSecKey()
json_text = get_json(url, params, encSecKey).decode()
json_dict = json.loads(json_text)
if i == 0:
print("共有%d条评论!" % comments_num) # 全部评论总数
for item in json_dict['comments']:
comment = item['content'] # 评论内容
likedCount = item['likedCount'] # 点赞总数
comment_time = item['time'] # 评论时间(时间戳)
userID = item['user']['userId'] # 评论者id
nickname = item['user']['nickname'] # 昵称
avatarUrl = item['user']['avatarUrl'] # 头像地址
comment_info = str(userID) + u" " + nickname + u" " + avatarUrl + u" " + str(
comment_time) + u" " + str(likedCount) + u" " + comment + u"\n"
all_comments_list.append(comment_info)
print("第%d页抓取完毕!" % (i + 1))
return all_comments_list
# 抓取热门评论，返回热评列表
def get_hot_comments(url):
hot_comments_list = []
hot_comments_list.append("用户ID " + u"\t" + "用户昵称" + u"\t" + "评论时间" + u"\t" + "点赞总数" + u"\t" + "评论内容" + u"\t" + u"\r\n")
params = get_params(1) # 第一页
encSecKey = get_encSecKey()
json_text = get_json(url,params,encSecKey).decode()
json_dict = json.loads(json_text)
hot_comments = json_dict['hotComments'] # 热门评论
#print(hot_comments)
print("共有%d条热门评论!" % len(hot_comments))
for item in hot_comments:
comment = item['content'] # 评论内容
likedCount = item['likedCount'] # 点赞总数
#comment_time = item['time'] / 1000 # 评论时间(时间戳)除1000转化为10位时间戳
#print(comment_time)
# 转换成localtime
time_local = time.localtime(item['time'] / 1000)
comment_time = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d", time_local)
userId = item['user']['userId'] # 评论者id
nickname = item['user']['nickname'] # 昵称
#print(type(comment))
comment_info = str(userId) + u"\t" +nickname+u"\t" +str(comment_time)+u"\t" +str(likedCount) +u"\t\t" + comment + u"\r\n"
hot_comments_list.append(comment_info)
return hot_comments_list
def save_to_file(list, filname):
with codecs.open(filename, 'a', encoding='utf-8') as f:
f.writelines(list)
print("写入文件成功!")
if __name__ == "__main__":
start_time = time.time()
url = "http://music.163.com/weapi/v1/resource/comments/R_SO_4_185821?csrf_token"
filename = "搁浅.txt"
all_comments_list = get_all_comments(url)
save_to_file(all_comments_list, filename)
#hot_comments = get_hot_comments(url)
#print(hot_comments)
#save_to_file(hot_comments,filename)
end_time = time.time() # 结束时间
print("程序耗时%f秒." % (end_time - start_time))
