path
- normalize、join 、resolve
const {normalize} = require('path')
//等同于es5
// const normalize = require('path').normalize()
//path.normalize() 方法会规范化给定的 path,并解析 '..' 和 '.' 片段。
console.log(normalize('/usr//local/bin'))
console.log(normalize('/usr//lo/../bin'))
/*
输出
/usr/local/bin
/usr/bin
*/
const {join} = require('path')
//path.join拼接路径
console.log(join('/usr','loc','haha/'))
console.log(join('/usr///','..//lll','sds////'))
/*
输出结果
/usr/loc/haha/
/lll/sds/
*/
- basename 、extname 、dirname
const {basename,dirname,extname} = require(
'path'
)
const filePath = '/usr/local/bin/no.txt'
console.log(dirname(filePath))
console.log(basename(filePath))
console.log(extname(filePath))
/*
输出结果:
/usr/local/bin
no.txt
.txt
*/
- parse 、format
const {parse,format} = require('path')
const filePath = '/usr/local/node_modules/n/p.json'
const ret = parse(filePath)
console.log(ret)
console.log(format(ret))
/*
输出结果:
{ root: '/',
dir: '/usr/local/node_modules/n',
base: 'p.json',
ext: '.json',
name: 'p' }
/usr/local/node_modules/n/p.json
*/
- sep 、delimiter 、win32 、posix
const {sep, delimiter, win32, posix} = require('path')
console.log('sep:',sep)
// sep: /
console.log('win.sep:',win32.sep);
// win.sep: \
console.log('PATH:',process.env.PATH)
console.log('delimiter:',delimiter)
// delimiter: :
console.log('win.delimiter:',win32.delimiter)
// win.delimiter: ;
path
- __dirname、__filename总是返回文件的绝对路径
- process.cwd()总是返回执行node命令所在的文件夹
相对路径(./)
- 在require方法中总是相对当前文件所在文件夹
- 在其他地方和process.cwd()一样,相对于node启动文件夹
buffer
Buffter特点:
- Buffer用于处理二进制数据流
- 实例类似整数数组,大小固定
- C++代码在V8堆外分配物流内存
- Buffer.alloc()、Buffer.allocUnsafe()、Buffer.from()
console.log(Buffer.alloc(10))
console.log(Buffer.alloc(20))
console.log(Buffer.alloc(5,1))
//不会清空原有的内存
console.log(Buffer.allocUnsafe(5,1))
console.log(Buffer.from([1,2,3]))
console.log(Buffer.from('test'))
console.log(Buffer.from('test','base64'))
console.log(Buffer.from('你好','utf-8'))
/*
<Buffer 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00>
<Buffer 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00>
<Buffer 01 01 01 01 01>
<Buffer 00 00 00 00 00>
<Buffer 01 02 03>
<Buffer 74 65 73 74>
<Buffer b5 eb 2d>
<Buffer e4 bd a0 e5 a5 bd>
*/
- Buffer.byteLength、Buffer.isBuffer()、Buffer.concat()
/*
Buffer.byteLength
Buffer.isBuffer()
Buffer.concat()
*/
console.log(Buffer.byteLength('test'))//4
console.log(Buffer.byteLength('测试'))//6
console.log(Buffer.isBuffer({}))//false
console.log(Buffer.isBuffer(Buffer.from([1,2,3,4])))//true
const buf1 = Buffer.from('this')
const buf2 = Buffer.from('is')
const buf3 = Buffer.from('a')
const buf4 = Buffer.from('concat')
const buf = Buffer.concat([buf1,buf2,buf3,buf4])
console.log(buf)//<Buffer 74 68 69 73 69 73 61 63 6f 6e 63 61 74>
- buf.length、buf.toString()、buf.fill()、buf.equals()、buf.indexOf()、buf.copy()
/*
buf.length
buf.toString()
buf.fill()
buf.equals()
buf.indexOf()
buf.copy()
*/
var buf = Buffer.from('buf.length')
console.log(buf.length)
buf = Buffer.allocUnsafe(5)
buf[0]=22
console.log(buf.length)
console.log(buf.toString('base64'))
console.log(buf.toString('utf-8'))
const buf3 = Buffer.allocUnsafe(10)
console.log(buf3)
console.log(buf3.fill(10,2,6))
const buf4 = Buffer.from('test')
const buf5 = Buffer.from('test')
const buf6 = Buffer.from('test!')
console.log(buf4.equals(buf5))
console.log(buf4.equals(buf6))
console.log(buf4.indexOf('es'))
console.log(buf4.indexOf('esa'))
/*
10
5
FikQlNU=
)��
<Buffer 81 00 00 00 a9 29 10 94 01 00>
<Buffer 81 00 0a 0a 0a 0a 10 94 01 00>
true
false
1
-1
*/
处理乱码:string_decoder
const {StringDecoder} = require('string_decoder')
const decoder = new StringDecoder('utf8')
const buf = Buffer.from('中文字符串!理你理你')
for (let i = 0; i < buf.length; i += 5) {
const b = Buffer.allocUnsafe(5)
buf.copy(b, 0, i);
console.log(b.toString())
}
for (let i = 0; i < buf.length; i += 5) {
const b = Buffer.allocUnsafe(5)
buf.copy(b, 0, i);
console.log(decoder.write(b))
}
event
- EventEmitter
const EventEmitter = require('events')
class myEvent extends EventEmitter{
}
var index = 0;
const ce = new myEvent()
ce.on('test',()=>{
console.log('this is a eventEmitter')
})
var timer = setInterval(()=>{
if(index++>20){
clearInterval(timer)
}
ce.emit('test')
},500)
- once
const EventEmitter = require('events')
class myEvent extends EventEmitter{
}
var index = 0;
const ce = new myEvent()
ce.on('test',()=>{
console.log('this is a eventEmitter')
})
var timer = setInterval(()=>{
if(index++>20){
clearInterval(timer)
}
ce.emit('test')
},500)
- 多个参数
const EventEimtter = require('events')
class CustomEvent extends EventEimtter {
}
const ce = new CustomEvent()
ce.on('error', (err, time) => {
console.log(err)
console.log(time)
})
ce.emit('error', new Error('oppsliving'), Date.now())
- remove
const EventEmitter = require('events')
class CustomEvent extends EventEmitter{}
const ce = new CustomEvent()
function fn1() {
console.log('fn1')
}
function fn2() {
console.log('fn2')
}
ce.on('test',fn1)
ce.on('test',fn2)
setInterval(()=>{
ce.emit('test')
},500)
setTimeout(()=>{
ce.removeListener('test',fn2)
},2500)
setTimeout(()=>{
ce.removeAllListeners('test')
},1000)
fs
- readFile、writeFile、readFileSync、unlink
const fs = require('fs')
fs.readFile('../buffer/decode.js', 'utf8', (err, data) => {
if (err) throw err;
console.log(data)
})
const content = Buffer.from('this is a test fs buffer')
fs.writeFile('./text.txt', content, {
encoding: 'utf8'
}, err => {
if (err) throw err
console.log('done')
})
const data = fs.readFileSync('../event/once.js', 'utf8')
console.log(data + '\n\n\n')
//删除文件
fs.unlink('./text',err=>{
if(err)throw err
})
- stat、rename、readdir
const fs = require('fs')
fs.stat('../event/params.js',(err,stats)=>{
if(err){
console.log('文件不存在')
return
}
console.log(stats.isFile())
console.log(stats.isDirectory())
console.log(stats)
})
fs.rename('./text.txt','test.md',err=>{
if(err)throw err
console.log('done!')
})
fs.readdir('./',(err,files)=>{
if(err)throw err
console.log(files)
})
fs.mkdir('test',err=>{
if(flag<50)return
fs.rmdir('test',err=>{})
})
- watch、createReadStream、createWriteStream
const fs = require('fs')
fs.watch('./',{
//递归
recursive:true
},(eventType,filename)=>{
console.log(eventType,filename)
})
//流:有方向的数据
const fs = require('fs')
const rs = fs.createReadStream('./readdir.js')
//process.stdout导出到控制台
rs.pipe(process.stdout)
const ws = fs.createWriteStream('./test.txt')
const tid = setInterval(()=>{
const num = parseInt(Math.random()*10)
console.log(num)
if(num<8){
ws.write(''+num)
}else {
clearInterval(tid)
ws.end()
}
},500)
ws.on('finish',()=>{
console.log('done')
})
- promisify解决地狱回调问题
const fs = require('fs')
const promisify = require('util').promisify
const read = promisify(fs.readFile)
read('./watch.js').then(data=>{
console.log(data.toString())
}).catch(ex=>{
console.log(ex)
})
async function test() {
try {
const content = await read('./watch.js')
console.log(content.toString())
}catch (ex){
console.log(ex)
}
}
test()
es6语法封装promisify,它其实就是一个promise对象
const fs = require('fs')
//模拟promisify
function Promisify(fn) {
return function (...args) {
return new Promise((resolve,reject)=>{
fn(...args,(err,res)=>{
if(err)return reject(err)
resolve(res)
})
})
}
}
const read = Promisify(fs.readFile)
read('test.txt').then(data=>{
console.log(data.toString())
}).catch(err=>{
console.log(err)
})
async function test() {
try {
const data = await read('./test.md')
console.log(data.toString())
}catch (ex){
console.log(ex)
}
}
test()