使用Python的stmplib和email发送邮件：
一、纯文本邮件
from email import encoders
from email.header import Header
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr
import smtplib
#=========================================
#格式化email的头部信息，不然会出错，当做垃圾邮件
#=========================================
def _format_addr(s):
name, addr = parseaddr(s)
return formataddr((Header(name, 'utf-8').encode(), addr))
from_addr = "your email"
password = "密码或者授权码"
to_addr = "target email"
smtp_server = "smtp.163.com"
#======================================
#注意添加Subject、To和From三个字段
#======================================
msg = MIMEText('hello, send by Python...', 'plain', 'utf-8')
msg['From'] = _format_addr('Tracy的Python <%s>' % from_addr)
msg['To'] = _format_addr('You <%s>' % to_addr)
msg['Subject'] = Header('来自SMTP……', 'utf-8').encode()
server = smtplib.SMTP(smtp_server, 25)
#打印与服务器的交互信息
server.set_debuglevel(1)
server.login(from_addr, password)
server.sendmail(from_addr, [to_addr], msg.as_string())
server.quit()
二、HTML邮件
只需要在构造MIMEText时，传入HTML字符串，并且将第二个参数设置为html即可。
from email import encoders
from email.header import Header
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr
import smtplib
#=========================================
#格式化email的头部信息，不然会出错，当做垃圾邮件
#=========================================
def _format_addr(s):
name, addr = parseaddr(s)
return formataddr((Header(name, 'utf-8').encode(), addr))
from_addr = "your email"
password = "密码或者授权码"
to_addr = "target email"
smtp_server = "smtp.163.com"
#==========================================================
#注意添加Subject、To和From三个字段，更换字符串，改变第二个参数即可
#==========================================================
msg = MIMEText("<html><body><h1>Hello</h1>"+
"<p>send by <a href='http://www.baidu.com/'>Python</a>" +
"</body></html>", 'html', 'utf-8')
msg['From'] = _format_addr('Tracy的Python <%s>' % from_addr)
msg['To'] = _format_addr('You <%s>' % to_addr)
msg['Subject'] = Header('来自SMTP……', 'utf-8').encode()
server = smtplib.SMTP(smtp_server, 25)
#打印与服务器的交互信息
server.set_debuglevel(1)
server.login(from_addr, password)
server.sendmail(from_addr, [to_addr], msg.as_string())
server.quit()
三、发送带附件的邮件
from email import encoders
from email.header import Header
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr
import smtplib
#=========================================
#格式化email的头部信息，不然会出错，当做垃圾邮件
#=========================================
def _format_addr(s):
name, addr = parseaddr(s)
return formataddr((Header(name, 'utf-8').encode(), addr))
from_addr = "your email"
password = "密码或者授权码"
to_addr = "target email"
smtp_server = "smtp.163.com"
#======================================================
#带附件的邮件可以看做包含若干部分的邮件：文本和各个附件本身，
#所以，可以构造一个MIMEMultipart对象代表邮件本身，
#然后往里面加上一个MIMEText作为邮件正文，
#再继续往里面加上表示附件的MIMEBase对象即可。
#=====================================================
# 邮件对象:
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['From'] = _format_addr('Python爱好者 <%s>' % from_addr)
msg['To'] = _format_addr('管理员 <%s>' % to_addr)
msg['Subject'] = Header('来自SMTP的问候……', 'utf-8').encode()
# 邮件正文是MIMEText:
msg.attach(MIMEText('send with file...', 'plain', 'utf-8'))
# 添加附件就是加上一个MIMEBase，从本地读取一个图片:
with open('/Users/michael/Downloads/test.png', 'rb') as f:
# 设置附件的MIME和文件名，这里是png类型:
mime = MIMEBase('image', 'png', filename='test.png')
# 加上必要的头信息:
mime.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename='test.png')
mime.add_header('Content-ID', '<0>')
mime.add_header('X-Attachment-Id', '0')
# 把附件的内容读进来:
mime.set_payload(f.read())
# 用Base64编码:
encoders.encode_base64(mime)
# 添加到MIMEMultipart:
msg.attach(mime)
server = smtplib.SMTP(smtp_server, 25)
#打印与服务器的交互信息
server.set_debuglevel(1)
server.login(from_addr, password)
server.sendmail(from_addr, [to_addr], msg.as_string())
server.quit()
4、搬运
#=========================================================================
# 加密SMTP
#
# 使用标准的25端口连接SMTP服务器时，使用的是明文传输，发送邮件的整个过程可能会被窃听。
#要更安全地发送邮件，可以加密SMTP会话，实际上就是先创建SSL安全连接，
#然后再使用SMTP协议发送邮件。网易163的STMP服务SSL端口号为465/994
#=========================================================================
from email import encoders
from email.header import Header
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr, formatdate
import smtplib
# return Alias_name <xxxx@example.com>
def _format_addr(s):
name, addr = parseaddr(s)
return formataddr((Header(name, 'utf-8').encode(), addr))
# 接收参数: 发件人地址
from_addr = ''
# 接收参数: 客户端授权密码
passwd = ''
# 接收参数: 收件人地址,可多个
to_addrs = ["abc@qq.com"]
# 接收参数: SMTP服务器(注意:是发件人的smtp服务器)
smtp_server = 'smtp.163.com'
# 接收参数: 邮件主题
subject = '人生苦短'
# 接收参数: 邮件正文
plain = '我用python!'
# 带附件邮件
# 指定subtype为alternative，同时支持html和plain格式
msg = MIMEMultipart('alternative')
# 邮件正文中显示图片，同时附件的图片将不再显示
# plain = 'Hello world and hello me!'
msg.attach(MIMEText(str(plain), 'plain', 'utf-8')) # 纯文本
# html = '<html><body><h1>Hello</h1><p></p></body></html>'
# msg.attach(MIMEText(html, 'html', 'utf-8')) # HTML
# 添加附件：即关联一个MIMEBase，图片为本地读取
with open('/home/kyxy/Desktop/dota.png', 'rb') as f:
# 设置附件中的MIME和文件名
mime = MIMEBase('image', 'jpeg', filename='dota.png')
# 加上必要的头信息
mime.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment',
filename='dota.png')
mime.add_header('Content-ID', '<0>')
mime.add_header('X-Attachment-Id', '0')
# 把附件的内容读进来
mime.set_payload(f.read())
# 用Base64编码
encoders.encode_base64(mime)
# 添加到MIMEMultipart
msg.attach(mime)
# 未指定用户别名，则客户端会自动提取邮件地址中的名称作为邮件的用户别名
msg['From'] = _format_addr(from_addr)
# msg['To'] = _format_addr(to_addrs)
msg['To'] = '%s' % ','.join([_format_addr('<%s>' % to_addr)
for to_addr in to_addrs])
msg['Subject'] = Header(str(subject), 'utf-8').encode()
msg['Date'] = formatdate()
#=========================================================================
# 发送邮件
#=========================================================================
try:
# SMTP服务器设置(地址,端口):
server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtp_server, 465)
# server.set_debuglevel(1)
# 连接SMTP服务器(发件人地址, 客户端授权密码)
server.login(from_addr, passwd)
# 发送邮件
server.sendmail(from_addr, to_addrs, msg.as_string())
print('邮件发送成功')
except smtplib.SMTPException as e:
print(e)
print('邮件发送失败')
finally:
# 退出SMTP服务器
server.quit()
