1.什么是分布式调度
分布式调度==》分布式 + 调度中心 + 执行器，调度中心根据对应任务执行条件去分布式的执行任务。
2.什么时候需要使用分布式调度
当在单机的情况下，我们的任务执行服务，无法满足任务处理的时候，我们就需将执行服务进行集群，这个时候我们就需要使用分布式调度协调 各个服务从而是任务有条不紊的执行。
3.分布式调度框架有哪些？
常见的分布式调度框架有：cronsun、Elastic-job、saturn、its、TBSchedule、xxl-job等
这里我整合了xxl-job,xx-job比较轻量级而且简单易学
4.整合xxl-job
下载xxl-job源码：https://github.com/xuxueli/xxl-job/
解压后使用idea打开项目，
a.执行sql : \xxl-job-master\doc\db\tables_xxl_job.sql
b.修改配置： \xxl-job-master\xxl-job-admin\src\main\resources\application.properties
####web port
server.port=8080
server.servlet.context-path=/xxl-job-admin
### actuator
management.server.servlet.context-path=/actuator
management.health.mail.enabled=false
### resources
spring.mvc.servlet.load-on-startup=0
spring.mvc.static-path-pattern=/static/**
spring.resources.static-locations=classpath:/static/
### freemarker
spring.freemarker.templateLoaderPath=classpath:/templates/
spring.freemarker.suffix=.ftl
spring.freemarker.charset=UTF-8
spring.freemarker.request-context-attribute=request
spring.freemarker.settings.number_format=0.##########
### mybatis
mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:/mybatis-mapper/*Mapper.xml
#mybatis.type-aliases-package=com.xxl.job.admin.core.model
### xxl-job, datasource
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/xxl_job?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=true&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
### datasource-pool
spring.datasource.type=com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
spring.datasource.hikari.minimum-idle=10
spring.datasource.hikari.maximum-pool-size=30
spring.datasource.hikari.auto-commit=true
spring.datasource.hikari.idle-timeout=30000
spring.datasource.hikari.pool-name=HikariCP
spring.datasource.hikari.max-lifetime=900000
spring.datasource.hikari.connection-timeout=10000
spring.datasource.hikari.connection-test-query=SELECT 1
spring.datasource.hikari.validation-timeout=1000
### xxl-job, email
spring.mail.host=smtp.qq.com
spring.mail.port=25
spring.mail.username=xxx@qq.com
spring.mail.from=xxx@qq.com
spring.mail.password=123456
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.auth=true
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.enable=true
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.required=true
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.socketFactory.class=javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory
### 7、管理界面的登录用户名密码
xxl.job.login.username=admin
xxl.job.login.password=123456
### xxl-job, access token
xxl.job.accessToken=
### xxl-job, i18n (default is zh_CN, and you can choose "zh_CN", "zh_TC" and "en")
xxl.job.i18n=zh_CN
## xxl-job, triggerpool max size
xxl.job.triggerpool.fast.max=200
xxl.job.triggerpool.slow.max=100
### xxl-job, log retention days
xxl.job.logretentiondays=30
c.启动xxl-job-admin，访问地址为: http://localhost:8080/xxl-job-admin
image.png
d.启动执行器： \xxl-job-master\xxl-job-executor-samples
或者自己实现执行器：
1.新建一个空的maven项目，引入maven依赖：
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.xuxueli</groupId>
<artifactId>xxl-job-core</artifactId>
<version>2.3.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
- 配置application.properties
# web port
server.port=8081
# no web
#spring.main.web-environment=false
# log config
logging.config=classpath:logback.xml
### xxl-job admin address list, such as "http://address" or "http://address01,http://address02"
xxl.job.admin.addresses=http://127.0.0.1:8080/xxl-job-admin
### xxl-job, access token
xxl.job.accessToken=
### xxl-job executor appname
xxl.job.executor.appname=xxl-job-executor-rj
### xxl-job executor registry-address: default use address to registry , otherwise use ip:port if address is null
xxl.job.executor.address=
### xxl-job executor server-info
xxl.job.executor.ip=
xxl.job.executor.port=9999
### xxl-job executor log-path
xxl.job.executor.logpath=/data/applogs/xxl-job/jobhandler
### xxl-job executor log-retention-days,值为-1表示永不删除
xxl.job.executor.logretentiondays=30
3.执行器配置 XxlJobConfig ：
/**
* Create by YSOcean
*/
@Configuration
public class XxlJobConfig {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(XxlJobConfig.class);
@Value("${xxl.job.admin.addresses}")
private String adminAddresses;
@Value("${xxl.job.executor.appname}")
private String appName;
@Value("${xxl.job.executor.ip}")
private String ip;
@Value("${xxl.job.executor.port}")
private int port;
@Value("${xxl.job.accessToken}")
private String accessToken;
@Value("${xxl.job.executor.logpath}")
private String logPath;
@Value("${xxl.job.executor.logretentiondays}")
private int logRetentionDays;
@Bean(initMethod = "start", destroyMethod = "destroy")
public XxlJobSpringExecutor xxlJobExecutor() {
logger.info(">>>>>>>>>>> xxl-job config init,port：{}",port);
XxlJobSpringExecutor xxlJobSpringExecutor = new XxlJobSpringExecutor();
xxlJobSpringExecutor.setAdminAddresses(adminAddresses);
xxlJobSpringExecutor.setAppname(appName);
xxlJobSpringExecutor.setIp(ip);
xxlJobSpringExecutor.setPort(port);
xxlJobSpringExecutor.setAccessToken(accessToken);
xxlJobSpringExecutor.setLogPath(logPath);
xxlJobSpringExecutor.setLogRetentionDays(logRetentionDays);
return xxlJobSpringExecutor;
}
}
4.执行器：
/**
* 任务Handler示例（Bean模式）
*
* 开发步骤：
* 1、继承"IJobHandler"：“com.xxl.job.core.handler.IJobHandler”；
* 2、注册到Spring容器：添加“@Component”注解，被Spring容器扫描为Bean实例；
* 3、注册到执行器工厂：添加“@JobHandler(value="自定义jobhandler名称")”注解，注解value值对应的是调度中心新建任务的JobHandler属性的值。
* 4、执行日志：需要通过 "XxlJobLogger.log" 打印执行日志；
*/
@Component
public class JobHandlerDemo{
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JobHandlerDemo.class);
/**
* 1、简单任务示例（Bean模式）
*/
@XxlJob("demoJobHandler")
public void demoJobHandler() throws Exception {
XxlJobHelper.log("XXL-JOB, Hello World.");
//执行业务逻辑
// default success
}
/**
* 2、分片广播任务
*/
@XxlJob("shardingJobHandler")
public void shardingJobHandler(String param) throws Exception {
// 分片参数
int shardIndex = XxlJobHelper.getShardIndex();
int shardTotal = XxlJobHelper.getShardTotal();
logger.info("shardingJobHandler() ,port：{},param:{}",9997,param);
XxlJobHelper.log("分片参数：当前分片序号 = {}, 总分片数 = {},port:{}", shardIndex, shardTotal,9997);
// 业务逻辑
for (int i = 0; i < shardTotal; i++) {
if (i == shardIndex) {
XxlJobHelper.log("第 {} 片, 命中分片开始处理", i);
} else {
XxlJobHelper.log("第 {} 片, 忽略", i);
}
}
}
/**
* 3、命令行任务
*/
@XxlJob("commandJobHandler")
public void commandJobHandler() throws Exception {
String command = XxlJobHelper.getJobParam();
int exitValue = -1;
BufferedReader bufferedReader = null;
try {
// command process
ProcessBuilder processBuilder = new ProcessBuilder();
processBuilder.command(command);
processBuilder.redirectErrorStream(true);
Process process = processBuilder.start();
//Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command);
BufferedInputStream bufferedInputStream = new BufferedInputStream(process.getInputStream());
bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(bufferedInputStream));
// command log
String line;
while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
XxlJobHelper.log(line);
}
// command exit
process.waitFor();
exitValue = process.exitValue();
} catch (Exception e) {
XxlJobHelper.log(e);
} finally {
if (bufferedReader != null) {
bufferedReader.close();
}
}
if (exitValue == 0) {
// default success
} else {
XxlJobHelper.handleFail("command exit value("+exitValue+") is failed");
}
}
/**
* 4、跨平台Http任务
* 参数示例：
* "url: http://www.baidu.com\n" +
* "method: get\n" +
* "data: content\n";
*/
@XxlJob("httpJobHandler")
public void httpJobHandler() throws Exception {
// param parse
String param = XxlJobHelper.getJobParam();
if (param==null || param.trim().length()==0) {
XxlJobHelper.log("param["+ param +"] invalid.");
XxlJobHelper.handleFail();
return;
}
String[] httpParams = param.split("\n");
String url = null;
String method = null;
String data = null;
for (String httpParam: httpParams) {
if (httpParam.startsWith("url:")) {
url = httpParam.substring(httpParam.indexOf("url:") + 4).trim();
}
if (httpParam.startsWith("method:")) {
method = httpParam.substring(httpParam.indexOf("method:") + 7).trim().toUpperCase();
}
if (httpParam.startsWith("data:")) {
data = httpParam.substring(httpParam.indexOf("data:") + 5).trim();
}
}
// param valid
if (url==null || url.trim().length()==0) {
XxlJobHelper.log("url["+ url +"] invalid.");
XxlJobHelper.handleFail();
return;
}
if (method==null || !Arrays.asList("GET", "POST").contains(method)) {
XxlJobHelper.log("method["+ method +"] invalid.");
XxlJobHelper.handleFail();
return;
}
boolean isPostMethod = method.equals("POST");
// request
HttpURLConnection connection = null;
BufferedReader bufferedReader = null;
try {
// connection
URL realUrl = new URL(url);
connection = (HttpURLConnection) realUrl.openConnection();
// connection setting
connection.setRequestMethod(method);
connection.setDoOutput(isPostMethod);
connection.setDoInput(true);
connection.setUseCaches(false);
connection.setReadTimeout(5 * 1000);
connection.setConnectTimeout(3 * 1000);
connection.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8");
connection.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", "application/json;charset=UTF-8");
// do connection
connection.connect();
// data
if (isPostMethod && data!=null && data.trim().length()>0) {
DataOutputStream dataOutputStream = new DataOutputStream(connection.getOutputStream());
dataOutputStream.write(data.getBytes("UTF-8"));
dataOutputStream.flush();
dataOutputStream.close();
}
// valid StatusCode
int statusCode = connection.getResponseCode();
if (statusCode != 200) {
throw new RuntimeException("Http Request StatusCode(" + statusCode + ") Invalid.");
}
// result
bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
String line;
while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
result.append(line);
}
String responseMsg = result.toString();
XxlJobHelper.log(responseMsg);
return;
} catch (Exception e) {
XxlJobHelper.log(e);
XxlJobHelper.handleFail();
return;
} finally {
try {
if (bufferedReader != null) {
bufferedReader.close();
}
if (connection != null) {
connection.disconnect();
}
} catch (Exception e2) {
XxlJobHelper.log(e2);
}
}
}
/**
* 5、生命周期任务示例：任务初始化与销毁时，支持自定义相关逻辑；
*/
@XxlJob(value = "demoJobHandler2", init = "init", destroy = "destroy")
public void demoJobHandler2() throws Exception {
XxlJobHelper.log("XXL-JOB, Hello World.");
}
public void init(){
logger.info("init");
}
public void destroy(){
logger.info("destory");
}
}
5.启动执行器，此时控制台上还没有显示你启动的执行器，此时需要手动添加，执行器的名称和项目配置中的一致，机器地址可以采用自动注册的方式也可以使用手动注入的方式
image.png
执行器启动成功后，因为我设置的是自动注册，所以成功后会自动注册机器地址：
image.png
6.新建任务，然后执行测试
image.png
点击操作下的执行一次或者启动来启动一个任务
image.png
7.查看执行任务日志
image.png
完成以上的任务，我们的xxl-job也就入门了,后面就可以进行集群搭建了
