这次课程设计要完成的是制作一个基于51单片机的电子时钟的万年历（protues仿真），需要用到1602液晶屏+DS1302+DS18B20+按键等模块。各个的模块就不在一一介绍，直接讲解这个系统的功能，首先是四个按键，第一个按键是选中需要修改时间位置，在按一次选中下一个，依次类推，第二个按键是对数值进行加一，第三个按键对数值进行减一，第四个按键确认。
先放仿真图
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然后是代码：
main.c
#include <REG52.H>
#include <intrins.h>
#define uint unsigned int
#define uchar unsigned char
sbit DS1302_CLK = P1^7; //实时时钟时钟线引脚
sbit DS1302_IO = P1^6; //实时时钟数据线引脚
sbit DS1302_RST = P1^5; //实时时钟复位线引脚
sbit wireless_1 = P3^0;
sbit wireless_2 = P3^1;
sbit wireless_3 = P3^2;
sbit wireless_4 = P3^3;
sbit ACC0 = ACC^0;
sbit ACC7 = ACC^7;
char hide_sec,hide_min,hide_hour,hide_day,hide_week,hide_month,hide_year; //秒,分,时到日,月,年位闪的计数
sbit Set = P2^0; //模式切换键
sbit Up = P2^1; //加法按钮
sbit Down = P2^2; //减法按钮
sbit out = P2^3; //立刻跳出调整模式按钮
sbit DQ = P1^0; //温度传送数据IO口
char done,count,temp,flag,up_flag,down_flag;
uchar temp_value; //温度值
uchar TempBuffer[5],week_value[2];
void show_time(); //液晶显示程序
/***********1602液晶显示部分子程序****************/
//Port Definitions**********************************************************
sbit LcdRs = P2^5;
sbit LcdRw = P2^6;
sbit LcdEn = P2^7;
sfr DBPort = 0x80; //P0=0x80,P1=0x90,P2=0xA0,P3=0xB0.数据端口
//内部等待函数**************************************************************************
unsigned char LCD_Wait(void)
{
LcdRs=0;
LcdRw=1; _nop_();
LcdEn=1; _nop_();
LcdEn=0;
return DBPort;
}
//向LCD写入命令或数据************************************************************
#define LCD_COMMAND 0 // Command
#define LCD_DATA 1 // Data
#define LCD_CLEAR_SCREEN 0x01 // 清屏
#define LCD_HOMING 0x02 // 光标返回原点
void LCD_Write(bit style, unsigned char input)
{
LcdEn=0;
LcdRs=style;
LcdRw=0; _nop_();
DBPort=input; _nop_();//注意顺序
LcdEn=1; _nop_();//注意顺序
LcdEn=0; _nop_();
LCD_Wait();
}
//设置显示模式************************************************************
#define LCD_SHOW 0x04 //显示开
#define LCD_HIDE 0x00 //显示关
#define LCD_CURSOR 0x02 //显示光标
#define LCD_NO_CURSOR 0x00 //无光标
#define LCD_FLASH 0x01 //光标闪动
#define LCD_NO_FLASH 0x00 //光标不闪动
void LCD_SetDisplay(unsigned char DisplayMode)
{
LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND, 0x08|DisplayMode);
}
//设置输入模式************************************************************
#define LCD_AC_UP 0x02
#define LCD_AC_DOWN 0x00 // default
#define LCD_MOVE 0x01 // 画面可平移
#define LCD_NO_MOVE 0x00 //default
void LCD_SetInput(unsigned char InputMode)
{
LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND, 0x04|InputMode);
}
//初始化LCD************************************************************
void LCD_Initial()
{
LcdEn=0;
LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND,0x38); //8位数据端口,2行显示,5*7点阵
LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND,0x38);
LCD_SetDisplay(LCD_SHOW|LCD_NO_CURSOR); //开启显示, 无光标
LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND,LCD_CLEAR_SCREEN); //清屏
LCD_SetInput(LCD_AC_UP|LCD_NO_MOVE); //AC递增, 画面不动
}
//液晶字符输入的位置************************
void GotoXY(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)
{
if(y==0)
LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND,0x80|x);
if(y==1)
LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND,0x80|(x-0x40));
}
//将字符输出到液晶显示
void Print(unsigned char *str)
{
while(*str!='\0')
{
LCD_Write(LCD_DATA,*str);
str++;
}
}
/***********DS1302时钟部分子程序******************/
typedef struct __SYSTEMTIME__
{
unsigned char Second;
unsigned char Minute;
unsigned char Hour;
unsigned char Week;
unsigned char Day;
unsigned char Month;
unsigned char Year;
unsigned char DateString[11];
unsigned char TimeString[9];
}SYSTEMTIME; //定义的时间类型
SYSTEMTIME CurrentTime;
#define AM(X) X
#define PM(X) (X+12) // 转成24小时制
#define DS1302_SECOND 0x80 //时钟芯片的寄存器位置,存放时间
#define DS1302_MINUTE 0x82
#define DS1302_HOUR 0x84
#define DS1302_WEEK 0x8A
#define DS1302_DAY 0x86
#define DS1302_MONTH 0x88
#define DS1302_YEAR 0x8C
void DS1302InputByte(unsigned char d) //实时时钟写入一字节(内部函数)
{
unsigned char i;
ACC = d;
for(i=8; i>0; i--)
{
DS1302_IO = ACC0; //相当于汇编中的 RRC
DS1302_CLK = 1;
DS1302_CLK = 0;
ACC = ACC >> 1;
}
}
unsigned char DS1302OutputByte(void) //实时时钟读取一字节(内部函数)
{
unsigned char i;
for(i=8; i>0; i--)
{
ACC = ACC >>1; //相当于汇编中的 RRC
ACC7 = DS1302_IO;
DS1302_CLK = 1;
DS1302_CLK = 0;
}
return(ACC);
}
void Write1302(unsigned char ucAddr, unsigned char ucDa) //ucAddr: DS1302地址, ucData: 要写的数据
{
DS1302_RST = 0;
DS1302_CLK = 0;
DS1302_RST = 1;
DS1302InputByte(ucAddr); // 地址，命令
DS1302InputByte(ucDa); // 写1Byte数据
DS1302_CLK = 1;
DS1302_RST = 0;
}
unsigned char Read1302(unsigned char ucAddr) //读取DS1302某地址的数据
{
unsigned char ucData;
DS1302_RST = 0;
DS1302_CLK = 0;
DS1302_RST = 1;
DS1302InputByte(ucAddr|0x01); // 地址，命令
ucData = DS1302OutputByte(); // 读1Byte数据
DS1302_CLK = 1;
DS1302_RST = 0;
return(ucData);
}
void DS1302_GetTime(SYSTEMTIME *Time) //获取时钟芯片的时钟数据到自定义的结构型数组
{
unsigned char ReadValue;
ReadValue = Read1302(DS1302_SECOND);
Time->Second = ((ReadValue&0x70)>>4)*10 + (ReadValue&0x0F);
ReadValue = Read1302(DS1302_MINUTE);
Time->Minute = ((ReadValue&0x70)>>4)*10 + (ReadValue&0x0F);
ReadValue = Read1302(DS1302_HOUR);
Time->Hour = ((ReadValue&0x70)>>4)*10 + (ReadValue&0x0F);
ReadValue = Read1302(DS1302_DAY);
Time->Day = ((ReadValue&0x70)>>4)*10 + (ReadValue&0x0F);
ReadValue = Read1302(DS1302_WEEK);
Time->Week = ((ReadValue&0x70)>>4)*10 + (ReadValue&0x0F);
ReadValue = Read1302(DS1302_MONTH);
Time->Month = ((ReadValue&0x70)>>4)*10 + (ReadValue&0x0F);
ReadValue = Read1302(DS1302_YEAR);
Time->Year = ((ReadValue&0x70)>>4)*10 + (ReadValue&0x0F);
}
void DateToStr(SYSTEMTIME *Time) //将时间年,月,日,星期数据转换成液晶显示字符串,放到数组里DateString[]
{ if(hide_year<2) //这里的if,else语句都是判断位闪烁,<2显示数据,>2就不显示,输出字符串为 2007/07/22
{
Time->DateString[0] = '2';
Time->DateString[1] = '0';
Time->DateString[2] = Time->Year/10 + '0';
Time->DateString[3] = Time->Year%10 + '0';
}
else
{
Time->DateString[0] = ' ';
Time->DateString[1] = ' ';
Time->DateString[2] = ' ';
Time->DateString[3] = ' ';
}
Time->DateString[4] = '/';
if(hide_month<2)
{
Time->DateString[5] = Time->Month/10 + '0';
Time->DateString[6] = Time->Month%10 + '0';
}
else
{
Time->DateString[5] = ' ';
Time->DateString[6] = ' ';
}
Time->DateString[7] = '/';
if(hide_day<2)
{
Time->DateString[8] = Time->Day/10 + '0';
Time->DateString[9] = Time->Day%10 + '0';
}
else
{
Time->DateString[8] = ' ';
Time->DateString[9] = ' ';
}
if(hide_week<2)
{
week_value[0] = Time->Week%10 + '0'; //星期的数据另外放到 week_value[]数组里,跟年,月,日的分开存放,因为等一下要在最后显示
}
else
{
week_value[0] = ' ';
}
week_value[1] = '\0';
Time->DateString[10] = '\0'; //字符串末尾加 '\0' ,判断结束字符
}
void TimeToStr(SYSTEMTIME *Time) //将时,分,秒数据转换成液晶显示字符放到数组 TimeString[];
{ if(hide_hour<2)
{
Time->TimeString[0] = Time->Hour/10 + '0';
Time->TimeString[1] = Time->Hour%10 + '0';
}
else
{
Time->TimeString[0] = ' ';
Time->TimeString[1] = ' ';
}
Time->TimeString[2] = ':';
if(hide_min<2)
{
Time->TimeString[3] = Time->Minute/10 + '0';
Time->TimeString[4] = Time->Minute%10 + '0';
}
else
{
Time->TimeString[3] = ' ';
Time->TimeString[4] = ' ';
}
Time->TimeString[5] = ':';
if(hide_sec<2)
{
Time->TimeString[6] = Time->Second/10 + '0';
Time->TimeString[7] = Time->Second%10 + '0';
}
else
{
Time->TimeString[6] = ' ';
Time->TimeString[7] = ' ';
}
Time->DateString[8] = '\0';
}
void Initial_DS1302(void) //时钟芯片初始化
{
unsigned char Second=Read1302(DS1302_SECOND);
if(Second&0x80) //判断时钟芯片是否关闭
{
Write1302(0x8e,0x00); //写入允许
Write1302(0x8c,0x12); //以下写入初始化时间 日期:12/05/14.星期: 1. 时间: 23:59:55
Write1302(0x88,0x05);
Write1302(0x86,0x14);
Write1302(0x8a,0x01);
Write1302(0x84,0x23);
Write1302(0x82,0x59);
Write1302(0x80,0x55);
Write1302(0x8e,0x80); //禁止写入
}
}
/***********ds18b20子程序*************************/
/***********ds18b20延迟子函数（晶振12MHz ）*******/
void delay_18B20(unsigned int i)
{
while(i--);
}
/**********ds18b20初始化函数**********************/
void Init_DS18B20(void)
{
unsigned char x=0;
DQ = 1; //DQ复位
delay_18B20(8); //稍做延时
DQ = 0; //单片机将DQ拉低
delay_18B20(80); //精确延时 大于 480us
DQ = 1; //拉高总线
delay_18B20(14);
x=DQ; //稍做延时后 如果x=0则初始化成功 x=1则初始化失败
delay_18B20(20);
}
/***********ds18b20读一个字节**************/
unsigned char ReadOneChar(void)
{
uchar i=0;
uchar dat = 0;
for (i=8;i>0;i--)
{
DQ = 0; // 给脉冲信号
dat>>=1;
DQ = 1; // 给脉冲信号
if(DQ)
dat|=0x80;
delay_18B20(4);
}
return(dat);
}
/*************ds18b20写一个字节****************/
void WriteOneChar(uchar dat)
{
unsigned char i=0;
for (i=8; i>0; i--)
{
DQ = 0;
DQ = dat&0x01;
delay_18B20(5);
DQ = 1;
dat>>=1;
}
}
/**************读取ds18b20当前温度************/
void ReadTemp(void)
{
unsigned char a=0;
unsigned char b=0;
unsigned char t=0;
Init_DS18B20();
WriteOneChar(0xCC); // 跳过读序号列号的操作
WriteOneChar(0x44); // 启动温度转换
delay_18B20(100); // this message is wery important
Init_DS18B20();
WriteOneChar(0xCC); //跳过读序号列号的操作
WriteOneChar(0xBE); //读取温度寄存器等（共可读9个寄存器） 前两个就是温度
delay_18B20(100);
a=ReadOneChar(); //读取温度值低位
b=ReadOneChar(); //读取温度值高位
temp_value=b<<4;
temp_value+=(a&0xf0)>>4;
}
void temp_to_str() //温度数据转换成液晶字符显示
{
TempBuffer[0]=temp_value/10+'0'; //十位
TempBuffer[1]=temp_value%10+'0'; //个位
TempBuffer[2]=0xdf; //温度符号
TempBuffer[3]='C';
TempBuffer[4]='\0';
}
void Delay1ms(unsigned int count)
{
unsigned int i,j;
for(i=0;i<count;i++)
for(j=0;j<120;j++);
}
/*延时子程序*/
void mdelay(uint delay)
{ uint i;
for(;delay>0;delay--)
{for(i=0;i<62;i++) //1ms延时.
{;}
}
}
void outkey() //跳出调整模式,返回默认显示
{ uchar Second;
if(out==0||wireless_1==1)
{ mdelay(8);
count=0;
hide_sec=0,hide_min=0,hide_hour=0,hide_day=0,hide_week=0,hide_month=0,hide_year=0;
Second=Read1302(DS1302_SECOND);
Write1302(0x8e,0x00); //写入允许
Write1302(0x80,Second&0x7f);
Write1302(0x8E,0x80); //禁止写入
done=0;
while(out==0);
while(wireless_1==1);
}
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void Upkey()//升序按键
{
Up=1;
if(Up==0||wireless_2==1)
{
mdelay(8);
switch(count)
{case 1:
temp=Read1302(DS1302_SECOND); //读取秒数
temp=temp+1; //秒数加1
up_flag=1; //数据调整后更新标志
if((temp&0x7f)>0x59) //超过59秒,清零
temp=0;
break;
case 2:
temp=Read1302(DS1302_MINUTE); //读取分数
temp=temp+1; //分数加1
up_flag=1;
if(temp>0x59) //超过59分,清零
temp=0;
break;
case 3:
temp=Read1302(DS1302_HOUR); //读取小时数
temp=temp+1; //小时数加1
up_flag=1;
if(temp>0x23) //超过23小时,清零
temp=0;
break;
case 4:
temp=Read1302(DS1302_WEEK); //读取星期数
temp=temp+1; //星期数加1
up_flag=1;
if(temp>0x7)
temp=1;
break;
case 5:
temp=Read1302(DS1302_DAY); //读取日数
temp=temp+1; //日数加1
up_flag=1;
if(temp>0x31)
temp=1;
break;
case 6:
temp=Read1302(DS1302_MONTH); //读取月数
temp=temp+1; //月数加1
up_flag=1;
if(temp>0x12)
temp=1;
break;
case 7:
temp=Read1302(DS1302_YEAR); //读取年数
temp=temp+1; //年数加1
up_flag=1;
if(temp>0x85)
temp=0;
break;
default:break;
}
while(Up==0);
while(wireless_2==1);
}
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void Downkey()//降序按键
{
Down=1;
if(Down==0||wireless_3==1)
{
mdelay(8);
switch(count)
{case 1:
temp=Read1302(DS1302_SECOND); //读取秒数
temp=temp-1; //秒数减1
down_flag=1; //数据调整后更新标志
if(temp==0x7f) //小于0秒,返回59秒
temp=0x59;
break;
case 2:
temp=Read1302(DS1302_MINUTE); //读取分数
temp=temp-1; //分数减1
down_flag=1;
if(temp==-1)
temp=0x59; //小于0秒,返回59秒
break;
case 3:
temp=Read1302(DS1302_HOUR); //读取小时数
temp=temp-1; //小时数减1
down_flag=1;
if(temp==-1)
temp=0x23;
break;
case 4:
temp=Read1302(DS1302_WEEK); //读取星期数
temp=temp-1; //星期数减1
down_flag=1;
if(temp==0)
temp=0x7;;
break;
case 5:
temp=Read1302(DS1302_DAY); //读取日数
temp=temp-1; //日数减1
down_flag=1;
if(temp==0)
temp=31;
break;
case 6:
temp=Read1302(DS1302_MONTH); //读取月数
temp=temp-1; //月数减1
down_flag=1;
if(temp==0)
temp=12;
break;
case 7:
temp=Read1302(DS1302_YEAR); //读取年数
temp=temp-1; //年数减1
down_flag=1;
if(temp==-1)
temp=0x85;
break;
default:break;
}
while(Down==0);
while(wireless_3==1);
}
}
void Setkey()//模式选择按键
{
Set=1;
if(Set==0||wireless_4==1)
{
mdelay(8);
count=count+1; //Setkey按一次,count就加1
done=1; //进入调整模式
while(Set==0);
while(wireless_4==1);
}
}
void keydone()//按键功能执行
{ uchar Second;
if(flag==0) //关闭时钟,停止计时
{ Write1302(0x8e,0x00); //写入允许
temp=Read1302(0x80);
Write1302(0x80,temp|0x80);
Write1302(0x8e,0x80); //禁止写入
flag=1;
}
Setkey(); //扫描模式切换按键
switch(count)
{case 1:do //count=1,调整秒
{
outkey(); //扫描跳出按钮
Upkey(); //扫描加按钮
Downkey(); //扫描减按钮
if(up_flag==1||down_flag==1) //数据更新，重新写入新的数据
{
Write1302(0x8e,0x00); //写入允许
Write1302(0x80,temp|0x80); //写入新的秒数
Write1302(0x8e,0x80); //禁止写入
up_flag=0;
down_flag=0;
}
hide_sec++; //位闪计数
if(hide_sec>3)
hide_sec=0;
show_time(); //液晶显示数据
}while(count==2);break;
case 2:do //count=2,调整分
{
hide_sec=0;
outkey();
Upkey();
Downkey();
if(temp>0x60)
temp=0;
if(up_flag==1||down_flag==1)
{
Write1302(0x8e,0x00); //写入允许
Write1302(0x82,temp); //写入新的分数
Write1302(0x8e,0x80); //禁止写入
up_flag=0;
down_flag=0;
}
hide_min++;
if(hide_min>3)
hide_min=0;
show_time();
}while(count==3);break;
case 3:do //count=3,调整小时
{
hide_min=0;
outkey();
Upkey();
Downkey();
if(up_flag==1||down_flag==1)
{
Write1302(0x8e,0x00); //写入允许
Write1302(0x84,temp); //写入新的小时数
Write1302(0x8e,0x80); //禁止写入
up_flag=0;
down_flag=0;
}
hide_hour++;
if(hide_hour>3)
hide_hour=0;
show_time();
}while(count==4);break;
case 4:do //count=4,调整星期
{
hide_hour=0;
outkey();
Upkey();
Downkey();
if(up_flag==1||down_flag==1)
{
Write1302(0x8e,0x00); //写入允许
Write1302(0x8a,temp); //写入新的星期数
Write1302(0x8e,0x80); //禁止写入
up_flag=0;
down_flag=0;
}
hide_week++;
if(hide_week>3)
hide_week=0;
show_time();
}while(count==5);break;
case 5:do //count=5,调整日
{
hide_week=0;
outkey();
Upkey();
Downkey();
if(up_flag==1||down_flag==1)
{
Write1302(0x8e,0x00); //写入允许
Write1302(0x86,temp); //写入新的日数
Write1302(0x8e,0x80); //禁止写入
up_flag=0;
down_flag=0;
}
hide_day++;
if(hide_day>3)
hide_day=0;
show_time();
}while(count==6);break;
case 6:do //count=6,调整月
{
hide_day=0;
outkey();
Upkey();
Downkey();
if(up_flag==1||down_flag==1)
{
Write1302(0x8e,0x00); //写入允许
Write1302(0x88,temp); //写入新的月数
Write1302(0x8e,0x80); //禁止写入
up_flag=0;
down_flag=0;
}
hide_month++;
if(hide_month>3)
hide_month=0;
show_time();
}while(count==7);break;
case 7:do //count=7,调整年
{
hide_month=0;
outkey();
Upkey();
Downkey();
if(up_flag==1||down_flag==1)
{
Write1302(0x8e,0x00); //写入允许
Write1302(0x8c,temp); //写入新的年数
Write1302(0x8e,0x80); //禁止写入
up_flag=0;
down_flag=0;
}
hide_year++;
if(hide_year>3)
hide_year=0;
show_time();
}while(count==8);break;
case 8: count=0;hide_year=0; //count8, 跳出调整模式,返回默认显示状态
Second=Read1302(DS1302_SECOND);
Write1302(0x8e,0x00); //写入允许
Write1302(0x80,Second&0x7f);
Write1302(0x8E,0x80); //禁止写入
done=0;
break; //count=7,开启中断,标志位置0并退出
default:break;
}
}
void show_time() //液晶显示程序
{
DS1302_GetTime(&CurrentTime); //获取时钟芯片的时间数据
TimeToStr(&CurrentTime); //时间数据转换液晶字符
DateToStr(&CurrentTime); //日期数据转换液晶字符
ReadTemp(); //开启温度采集程序
temp_to_str(); //温度数据转换成液晶字符
GotoXY(12,1); //液晶字符显示位置
Print(TempBuffer); //显示温度
GotoXY(0,1);
Print(CurrentTime.TimeString); //显示时间
GotoXY(0,0);
Print(CurrentTime.DateString); //显示日期
GotoXY(15,0);
Print(week_value); //显示星期
GotoXY(11,0);
Print("Week"); //在液晶上显示 字母 week
Delay1ms(400); //扫描延时
}
main()
{
flag=1; //时钟停止标志
LCD_Initial(); //液晶初始化
Init_DS18B20( ) ; //DS18B20初始化
Initial_DS1302(); //时钟芯片初始化
up_flag=0;
down_flag=0;
done=0; //进入默认液晶显示
wireless_1=0;
wireless_2=0;
wireless_3=0;
wireless_4=0;
while(1)
{
while(done==1)
keydone(); //进入调整模式
while(done==0)
{
show_time(); //液晶显示数据
flag=0;
Setkey(); //扫描各功能键
}
}
}
注意引脚，自己连的时候不要出错
