UNIT 6 WHAT'S THE TIME?
第六课 几点钟了?
本课重点:怎样就时间提问和回答。
A. Texts & Notes
1. It's ten o'clock.
弗朗西斯的表丢了,他急匆匆地跑出来,见一警察,就问:
Francis: Can you help me?
Policeman: Yes, sir.
Francis: What's the time?
Policeman: It's ten o'clock.
Francis: Ten o'clock?
Policeman: Yes, it's ten o'clock.
弗朗西斯:能帮帮忙吗?
警察:可以,先生。
弗朗西斯:几点钟了?
警察:十点钟了。
弗朗西斯:十点钟了。
警察:对了,十点钟了。
注1. 英语询问几点钟,说:What's the time? 回答时说:It's … o'clock.
注2. 英语用下列说法表示时间:
整点钟:It's nine o'clock. (九点。)
半点钟:It's half past nine.(九点半。)
过一刻:It's (a) quarter past nine. (九点一刻。)
差一刻:It's (a) quarter to ten. (十点差一刻。)
It's thirteen minutes past ten. (十点十三分。)
It's twenty (minutes) to eleven. (十一点差二十分。)
英语习惯以三十分钟为界,三十分钟前说,几点过几分;三十分钟后说,几点差几分。
英语中还有一种表示时间的说法是按表面数字说,如:5:30 念作 five thirty;9:45 念作 nine fourty-five;10:05 念作 ten five。
注3. 数词20-100的读法:
21__twenty-one;22 __ twenty-two;23__twenty-three;24__twenty-four;25__twenty-five
26__twenty-six;27__twenty-seven;28__twenty-eight;29__twety-nine;30__thirty
40__forty;50__fifty;60__sixty;70__seventy;80__eighty;90__ninety;100__a hundred
2. We close at five thirty.
一位妇女走到一家商店门口,正遇上售货员挂上“停止营业”的牌子。
Woman: Are you open?
Shop Assistant: No, we are closed. Sorry. We close at 5:30 on Monday, Tuesday, Thursday and Friday. And we close at 12:30 on Wednesday and Sturday. And we're closed on Sunday. We open at 9:15 every day.
女子:你们营业吗?
店员:不,我们停止营业了。我们星期一、二、四、五五点半停止营业,星期三、六十二点半停止营业,星期日不营业。每天九点一刻开始营业。
注4. open 即可以是动词,也可以用作形容词,在Are you open? 这上句中,用于系动词 be 之后,为形容词意指商店等“开着门的”、“营业的”。如:The shop is open. 如说:We open at nine every day. 或问:When time do the shop open? 也是说商店是否开门、营业,但 open 用作动词。
注5. close 与 open 意思相反,用法相似:We are closed on Sunday. (形容词)We close at 18:30. (动词)
注6. 英语动词有时态变化,即用不同的动词形式表示动作发生的不同时间,用动词原形表示一般现在时, 一般现在时表示包括“现在”在内的一段时间里经常发生的的动作或存在的状态,如:We close at 5:30 on Monday. 意思是星期一五点半关门是个规律、制度,总是如此。
注7. 注意介词 at 用于钟点,on 用于日子。at half past ten. on Sunday.
注8. 英语简单句的基本结构有两种,
主语+系动词+表语:My name (主) is (系)Mary Brown(表). The cinema(主) is (系)in Market Street(表).
主语+谓语+(宾语):I (主)can take(谓) your luggage(宾). We (主)open (谓)at 9:15 every day(宾).
谓语为及物动词时有宾语,谓语为不及物动词时无宾语。
注9. 英语里星期几每个词开头第一个字母均需大写。
3. When do the trains leave?
一男一女走到火车站,向售票员打听火车的运行情况。
Man: When do the trains leave for London, please?
Prancis: Trains for London, sir? They leave at ten minutes past every hour, and twenty minutes to every hour.
Man: Ten past and twenty to.
Girl: And when do they arrive in London?
Francis: They arrive in London at five minutes to every hour and twenty-five minutes past every hour. Look! This train will leave at ten ten and it'll arrive in London at ten fifty-five.
Man: Leave here, ten ten; arrive in London at ten fifty-five.
Francis: And the next train will leave at ten forty.
Man: When do the trains leave?
Francis: Then leave at eight ten. eight forty, nine ten, nine forty, ten ten, and the next train will leave at ten forty.
Man: I see. Can we take the ten past ten train?
Francis: I'm sorry, sir. You can't take that one.
Man: Oh! It's ten fifteen.
Francis: Yes. It's - er - ten - er- fifteen.
男子:请问去伦敦的火车什么时候开?
弗朗西斯:去伦敦的火车吗,先生?每小时过十分的一班,每小时差二十分有一班。
男子:过十分和差二十。
姑娘:什么时候到达伦敦?
弗朗西斯:每小时差五分和过二十五分到达伦敦。瞧,这班火车十点十分开出,十点五十五分到达伦敦。
男子:十点十分开出,十点五十五分到伦敦。
弗朗西斯:下一班火车二点四十分开出。
男子:火车都是什么时候开车呢?
弗朗西斯:八点十分,八点四十,九点十分,九点四十,十点十分。下一班车将在十点四开出。
男子:我知道了。我们乘十点十分的车行吗?
弗朗西斯:抱歉了,先生。你们不能乘这班车。
男子:喔!十点十五分啦!
弗朗西斯:对了。现在是——呃——十点——呃——十五分。
注10. 英语名词的复数形式一般是在词尾加 -s 。如:one train, tow trains; one minute, tow minutes; one shop, tow shops。
注11. to leave 是“离开”,但 leave for 是 “ leave(原地)for(目的地)”,即“开往”、“去向”,for 表示目的。如:When will you leave for England? (你何时去英国?)
注12. 动词的一般将来时态用助动词 will 加原形动词表示。如:This train will leave at ten ten. The shop will open at 9:15. 简略形式:It'll open at 9:15.
注13. I see. 是经常用的口头语,意为“我知道了”或“我懂了”。
注14. 英语用 take 这个动词来表示乘车的“乘”,如:take the ten past ten train (乘十点十分的火车)。to take 的基本概念是“拿”、“取”,但是在不同的搭配中有不同的意思,例如:to take a photo 意思是拍一张照。
B. Exercise
- 请听录音,记熟一星期七天的读法和拼法。
Monday 星期一;Tuseday 星期二; Wednesday 星期三; Thursday 星期四
Friday 星期五;Saturday 星期六;Sunday 星期日 - 电视片和录音带中有这样一段:一家商店被窃,警察向店主了解情况,请听后回答。
(1)店员早上什么时候上班? 。
(2)商店何时开门? 。
(3)店员何时下班? 。 - 听录音填空:
Policeman: When do the staff arrive, Mr Birds?
Birds: At every morning?
Policeman: And when do the doors open?
Birds: At .
Policeman: Every day?
Birds: Yes, every day except .
Policeman: And when do the staff leave, Mr Birds?
Birds: At .
Policeman: Every day?
Birds: Yes. At on weekdays and on .
Can you tell me the trains to Oxford?
Oxford tains at five mimutes to the hour every hour. You can get a train from Paddington, leave , arrives in Oxford , And the train leaves Oxford , arrive in London Paddington .
-
What's the time, please?
(1)It's three o'clock.
(2)It's eleven thirty. It's half past eleven.
(3)It's tow forty. It's twenty to three.
(4)It's tow fifty. It's ten to three.
(5)It's twelve twenty-fifve. It's twenty-five minutes past twelve.
(6)It's eight fifteen. It's quarter past eight. - 将 at 或 on 填入下列空白:
The shops open 9:00 every day and close 5:30 or 6 o'clock. They are closed Sunday, and Wednesday or Saturday afternoon.
The banks open 9:30 every morning and close 3:30, but they are closed Saturdays and Sundays.
C. Summary
1. 说法和用法
(1)询问时间:What's the time, please?
(2)说明时间:
几点正:It's … o'clock.
几点过一刻:It's (a) quarter past …
几点半:It's half past …
几点差一刻:It's (a) quarter to …
几点过几分:It's … minutes past …
几点差几分:It's … minutes to …
另一种说法是读出数字,如:5:20 读 five twenty
(3)说出星期几:It's Monday.
(4)询问商店几点开、关门:When do the shops open / close?
(5)说出商店何时开、关门:We open at 9:00 every day. We close at 5:30 on Monday.
(6)问火车何时出站:When do the trains leave?
(7)问说出火车何时开出:The trains leave at ten to two.
(8)说出下一班车何时开出:The next train will leave at five to three.
2.语法
(1)英语中用动词时态形式的变化表示动作发生的不同时间。
一般现在时:由原形动词构成(但遇主语为第三人称单数时,动词后面加-s或-es),表示包括“现在”在内的一段时间里经常发生的的动作或存在的状态。
一般将来时:由动词 will 加原形动词构成,表示将要发生的事和将会存在的状态。
(2)英语简单句的两种基本结构是:
主—系 — 表
主—谓(—宾)
What's the time?
It's eight o'clock.
It's quarter past four.
It's half past nine.
It's quarter to twelve.
It's eleven forty-five.
She's late.
We open at nine fifteen.
When do the trains leave?
The next train will leave at ten forty.
D. Words & Expressions
单词与表达方式 | 单词与表达方式 |
---|---|
time /taɪm/ n. 时间 | Sunday /ˈsʌndeɪ/ n. 星期日 |
o'clock /əˈklɒk/ …… 点钟 | every /ˈevri/ adj. 每 |
half /hɑːf/ n. 一半; adj. 半 | day /deɪ/ n. 天 |
train /treɪn/ n. 火车 | |
to leave /tu liːv/ vt. vi. 离开 | |
past /pɑːst/ prep. 过(表示时间) | to leave for 去向 |
quarter /ˈkwɔːtə(r)/ n. 四分之一,一刻钟 | minute /ˈmɪnɪt/ n. 分(钟) |
hour /ˈaʊə(r)/ n. 小时 | |
to arrive /tu əˈraɪv/ vt. 到达 | |
now /naʊ/ adv. 现在 | next /nekst/ adj. 下一个 |
late /leɪt/ adj. 迟了 | when /wen/ adv. 何时 |
to close /tu kləʊz/ vt. vi, 关闭;结束 | few /fjuː/ adj. 少数的 |
a few 几个 | |
closed /kləʊzd/ adj. 关闭的 | question /ˈkwestʃən/ n. 问题 |
Monday /ˈmʌndeɪ; ˈmʌndi/ n. 星期一 | certainly /ˈsɜːt(ə)nli/ adv. 当然可以 |
Tuesday /ˈtjuːzdeɪ/ n. 星期二 | |
Wednesday /ˈwenzdeɪ/ n. 星期三 | staff /stɑːf/ n. 工作人员 |
Thursday /ˈθɜːzdeɪ/ n. 星期四 | |
Friday /ˈfraɪdeɪ/ n. 星期五 | except /ɪkˈsept/ prep. 除……之外 |
Saturday /ˈsætədeɪ/ n. 星期六 |