What makes an iconic book cover?
怎样的图书封面才算经典？
A pair of eyes and red lips floating in a midnight sky above the bright lights of New York on "The Great Gatsby". Two orange silhouettes on David Nicholls' "One Day". The original "Harry Potter" colour illustrations.
在《了不起的盖茨比》的封面上，一双眼睛和一抹红唇漂浮在午夜天空中，下方是纽约夺目的灯光；大卫·尼克斯的《一天》的封面上，有两片橙色剪影；初版《哈利·波特》系列的封面是彩色插画。
There's a famous saying about never forming your opinion of a book by the jacket adorning it. But most readers know that we do, in fact, judge books by their covers all the time.
有句名言说的是，不要根据书上装饰用的封皮对这本书做出判断。但大多数读者都知道，实际上我们一直在“以貌取书”。
Covers can be a swift way to signal genre, but the good ones do more than that. They give face to a book's personality. They're what will make you pick it up in the first place, then keep it on your shelf to remind you what it meant to you.
封面能轻松地表明书的类型，但是好的封面能做的远不止这一点。好的封面可以彰显书的“性格”，它是你最初拿起这本书翻看的理由，并且在你的书架上默默提醒你这本书对你的意义。
A successful cover conveys something about the words inside. "If you've got a visceral piece of writing that's risk-taking and bold, it's important to put that cover on that book," says Donna Payne, creative director at Faber & Faber.
优秀的图书封面可以表达书中文字的感觉。“如果这是部感情充沛的作品，文字危险又大胆，那就必须把这种感觉展示在书的封面上。”费伯出版社的创意总监唐娜·佩恩说。
It's not just new books where the cover is fretted over. Iconic album covers might be set in stone — but books often get several stabs at a cover. To celebrate its 30th anniversary, Vintage will republish some of its 10 bestselling books — including "To Kill A Mockingbird" and "The Handmaid's Tale" — with new covers.
不只是新书的封面令人绞尽脑汁。一个经典的专辑封面可能不会再变，但一本书常常有几次换封面的机会。比如 Vintage 为了庆祝创立 30 周年，将会重新出版十大畅销书中的几本——包括《杀死一只知更鸟》和《使女的故事》——并为它们设计全新的封面。
According to Penguin art director Jim Stoddart: "Drawings have a lucid faculty to convey the innate human motive at the root of all these stories, whether experimental, humorous or chilling." The publisher chose cover artists who, like the authors, "have developed alternative and often visionary ways of presenting reality".
企鹅出版集团的艺术总监吉姆·斯托达特说：“不论书中的故事是实验性的、幽默的，还是恐怖灰暗的，它们的本质都源于人性永恒的主题；而绘画有一样本领，就是能将这个主题清楚明了地传达出来。”这位出版者选择的封面艺术家和书的作者一样，都会“用另类、通常具有前瞻性的方式呈现现实。”
主编：阿树
品控：毛西
审核：Karen
Photo Credit: ready made / Pexels
Photo Credit: Aline Viana Prado / Pexels
Photo Credit: Thought Catalog / Pexels
重点词汇
iconic
/aɪˈkɑː.nɪk/
adj. 具有标志性的，典型的
相关词汇：icon（n. 偶像）
silhouette
/ˌsɪl.uˈet/
n. 剪影，轮廓
词性拓展：silhouette（v. 映衬出轮廓）
搭配短语：A is silhouetted against B
例句：A castle was silhouetted against the grey sky.
illustration
/ˌɪl.əˈstreɪ.ʃən/
n. 插图，图示；说明，例证
搭配短语：a textbook illustration of sth.
例句：The class displays a textbook illustration of critical thinking.
jacket
/ˈdʒæk.ɪt/
n. 护封，书套
词义辨析：jacket，cover
jacket 指包在书外面的一层护封，可以取下；而 cover 指书本身的封面，不能取下。
adorn
/əˈdɔːrn/
v. 装饰
例句：The walls are adorned with paintings.
judge a book by its cover
以貌取人；凭封面判断书
例句：Don't judge a book by its cover.
例句：The girl surprised me with her strength — don't judge a book by its cover.
swift
/swɪft/
adj. 迅速的，敏捷的，轻松的
英文释义：happening or moving quickly, especially in a smooth and easy way
例句：The water is very swift.
例句：The local government took swift action during the flood.
signal
/ˈsɪɡ.nəl/
v. 表示，表明
词性拓展：signal（n. 信号）
搭配短语：to signal right
例句：AI signals the beginning of a new era.
genre
/ˈʒɑːn.rə/
n.（作品的）类型
文化补充：任何书基本上都可以先归为两个大类——非虚构和虚构，这两个大类下面分别又有许多 genres：非虚构类包括 biography（传记），essay（散文）等；虚构类包括 fantasy（奇幻），science fiction（科幻小说），romance（爱情小说）等。
give face to
彰显……的特征；尊重
英文释义：to capture the characteristics of something
相关词汇：face（n. 特点）
visceral
/ˈvɪs.ər.əl/
adj. 发自肺腑的，出自内心深处情感的；和内脏有关的
相关词汇：viscera（n. 内脏）
英文释义：based on deep feeling rather than on reason or thought
例句：The films create a visceral thrill that carries us along.
risk-taking
/ˈrɪskˌteɪ.kiŋ/
adj. 有风险的
相关搭配：take risks
词性拓展：risk-taking（n. 冒风险的行为）
例句：Starting a business always involves some risk-taking.
近义词：risky
fret
/fret/
v. 烦躁，苦恼
近义词：worry
搭配短语：to fret about / over
例句：He fretted about / over her answer.
be set in stone
不再改变
例句：The schedule isn't set in stone and still welcomes changes.
stab
/stæb/
n. 试图，尝试；用刀刺
近义词：attempt
例句：I found the test difficult but still made a good stab at it.
republish
/riːˈpʌb.lɪʃ/
v. 重新出版
相关词汇：publish（v. 出版）
lucid
/ˈluː.sɪd/
adj. 清晰的，明了的；神志清明的
例句：He has a few lucid moments now and then.
例句：We should write in a clear and lucid style.
faculty
/ˈfæk.əl.t̬i/
n.（特定的、天生的）能力，本领；全体教职员工
近义词：ability
例句：She has the faculty of understanding complex issues.
innate
/ɪˈneɪt/
/ɪˈneɪt/
motive
/ˈmoʊ.t̬ɪv/
n.（同 motif）主题，母题；动机
文化补充：母题通常指文学艺术创作中反复出现的一个主题，比如爱、死亡、背叛等；它也可以指文学作品里反复出现的意象、人物、故事情节或字句样式，它是贯穿整个作品的线索。
at the root of
本质上；源于，是……的根源
搭配短语：the matters at the root of the argument
例句：Money is at the root of all evil.
chilling
/ˈtʃɪl.ɪŋ/
adj. 令人恐惧的
相关词汇：chill（v. 使惊吓、寒冷）
搭配短语：chilling tales
alternative
/ɑːlˈtɝː.nə.t̬ɪv/
adj. 另类的；另外一个
visionary
/ˈvɪʒ.er.i/
adj. 具有前瞻性的，有远见的
相关词汇：vision（n. 视力；远见）
例句：He's a visionary leader.
